This document discusses the history and development of open and emergent learning approaches. It outlines key developments including: - The need for more open and participatory education models like Summerhill School in the 1920s. - The convergence of digital technologies in the 1970s and their potential to disrupt existing education models. - The creation of the World Wide Web in the 1990s and how it enabled open sharing of knowledge and participatory learning. - Developments in open educational resources and open courseware in the 2000s that helped make learning more open and accessible. - The proposal of "WikiQuals" in 2012 as a model of open and post-hoc accreditation of learning based on

1. WikiQuals #Open #Learning Lab
@fredgarnett http://bit.ly/WQAbout

2. In an Internet of people
An Internet of People British Council Lecture 2011
@BenHammersleysaid that
“network society cannot be born”
Because people who grew up in
hierarchies are still in power

3. If we want an Open Society
Summerhill School;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summerhill_School
Digital Disruption; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/we-are-digital
We need open participatory education like
Summerhill school and the Democratic schools
movement. But only 53 democratic schools exist
in Europe
Disruptive Collaboration is here, the web is a
platform, users-generate content, mobile phone
cameras document everything, new technology is
sold as being creative, but it hasn‟t disrupted
educational institutions.

4. In 1921 our most radical year,
Kondratieff; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondratiev_wave
Next 2021; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/next-2021/
NIACE were formed in the UK calling for
education for all, from which educational
broadcasting, with the BBC, emerged
Kondratieff in Moscow, wrote about long-wave
economic change (50 years) based around
„meta-technologies‟ Our meta-technology, the
micro-processor is due to reach its
transformational peak in 2021

5. 1971 welcomed the microprocessor
Intel 4004; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_4004
Convergence;
Intel 4004 was a new meta-technology.
Earlier meta-technologies had evolved into new
analogue networks; rail, road, air, telephone, radio
with their own system „mission‟
Digital technologies however can also replace
earlier analogue technologies, and enable
technological convergence. Convergence is far
more socially transformational as it can disrupt
existing economic patterns built around old
technologies

6. In 1660 sharing ideas changed
Royal Society; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Society
Creative Commons; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons
The Royal Society was formed in the UK
beginning the movement for open publishing.
The standard by which scientific thought has
(mostly) developed, egos aside, ever since.
Creative Commons applied the idea of open
publishing to the copyright era in 2001, enabling
web-based sharing of content, like this
presentation

7. In 1992 the Internet Society
Internet Society; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Society
World Wide Web; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web
The Internet Society wrote its mission
“We envision a future in which people in all parts of
the world can use the Internet to improve their quality
of life, because standards, technologies, business
practices, and government policies sustain an open
and universally accessible platform for innovation,
creativity, and economic opportunity”
As Ted Nelson had predicted with Xanadu (1960) Tim
Berners-Lee finally invented the World Wide Web
&digital convergence became possible online.

8. In 2002 the Web went participative
What is Web 2.0?; http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

9. Convergence had a platform
Open Ed Resources; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources
UNESCO Paris July 2012 DeclarationNLN.AC.UK
Education got excited (kind of), David Wiley defined
Open Content (1998) MIT launched Open Course
Ware (2001) an open version of the 2000 UK FERL
„learning objects‟ project (now open www.nln.ac.uk)
UNESCO defined OER;
Open Education
Resources in 2002 and
updated that with the
UNESCO Paris July
2012 Declaration

10. In 2007 OU launched Open Learn
Open Learn; http://www.open.edu/openlearn/
Learner-Generated Contextshttp://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/
The Open University opened first Open Education
Resource based project at a British University, based
on its historic distance learning model (1964)
Learner-Generated Contexts Group launched its
#Open “Pedagogy” Open Context Model of Learning
a post-Web 2.0 Pedagogy (PAH!) based on the PAH
Continuum
“The most exciting thing happening in England” –
John Seeley Brown

11. P A H
Teacher
School
Teacher/
Learner
Learner
Research
Cognition Epistemic
Cognition
Meta-
Cognition
Adult

12. Pedagogies are not enough
Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/
Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable
Learning is Emergent not institutionalised! We need
to design for emergence and create tools to support
that in a wiki-based collaborative world
Emergent Learning Model rethinks learning as
i. Social Processes not classrooms
ii. Content Creation or Curation not textbooks
iii. Quality Assurance not high-stakes assessment
We needed to build new learning exemplars of „non-
linear dynamic systems‟

13. Ambient Learning Open City
Ambient Learning City; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/ambientlearningcity
Aggregate then Curate http://mosialong.wordpress.com/2011/08/08/aggregate-then-curate/
Being Insanely Ambitious we decided to test
emergent learning by turning Manchester into an
open Ambient Learning City. Cities have many more
learning contexts than a single classroom, so we
decided to test them with MOSI-ALONG
MOSI Ambient Learning Open Network Group
Aggregate then Curate our new
#socialmediaparticipation model creating structured
ways for people to inter-act with their city; even
during riots (A History of Manchester in 100 objects)

14. SURPRISE!

15. #Occupy the Learning Commons
Learning is a full-time Occupation;http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/
Sukey Data; http://www.opensukey.org/about/
Then came Occupy UCL I gave a talk on lessons I
had learnt and challenged them to create a Learning
Commons at UCL. Sukey Data was hacked together.
Learning is a full time Occupation was written for
Learning without Frontiers
“social-space time / occupation as learning”
I was then asked to help create a Masters course for
graduating UCL students

16. 2011 The University Project
The University Project;http://univproject.pbworks.com/
WikiQuals workshop; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/wikiquals
The University Project was convened by Dougald
Hine+ at Hub Westminster, over a long weekend in
October 2011, to look at various alt.Uni projects.
Community of Scholars was the common theme.
The action point was “solve the problem…
that annoys you most” (Philippa Young)
Accreditation of learning annoyed us most
WikiQuals was born

17. 2012 What is WikiQuals?
WikiQualsis self-directed post-hoc accreditation
We Trust the Sqolar
Transparent learning published openly
Universities “bring you to book”sto read stuff
WikiQuals sends you out into the world to do
Being as learning Co-creating change
Act in the world &document its emergence
Co-creating Open Scholarshiphttp://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/
WikiQualsShow&Tell; http://wikiquals.wordpress.com/2011/10/13/show-and-tell/

18. WikiQuals – We are Rhizomatic
• Affinity partners supporting guild-like SHOW
& TELL 2.0 model of open accreditation
• Affinity Groups support based on empathy
• QR Codes as wearable real-time accreditation
• Rhizomatic behaviours not MOOCs,
• Discontinous relationships creating loose ties
with other networks…
We are Rhizomatichttp://wikiquals.wordpress.com/2012/09/09/affinity-groups/
Building Democratic Learning http://wikiquals.wordpress.com/

19. WikiQuals – Some Sqolars
• Bridget McKenzie; Learning Planet
• Philippa Young; TEDx Warwick
• David Jennings; Agile Learning
• Tony Hall; the iPhone as University
• Kai Graf von Pahlen; German constitution
• Lucy Johnson; Participatory Art project
& Pattern Design, network Public Value, Open Money, NGO
Marketing, Landscape of Change, creative education
WikiSqolars; http://wikiquals.wordpress.com/sqolars/

20. WikiQuals “Yes You Can!”
Learning not Education
Liminal not Institutionalised
Bio-diversity not Monoculture
Learner-centric not Student-centred
Learner-generated not Course-defined
Community as Curriculum not Syllabus defined
Community of Sqolars not Community of Practice
Personal Learning Networks not Content-delivery
Quality Assured not Quality Controlled
Affinity not Supervision
Emergent not Linear
Trust the learner to be themselves;
Identity

21. WikiQualsOpen Learning Lab
Presented to the Open Institute
July 8 2013 by @fredgarnett
Any University can open a WikiQuals Open Learning Lab. It is
a platform for learning that a) leverages content abundance,
allows b) learner-generated contexts&purpose c) enables
emergent &innovative learning behaviours.
Needs just;
1 Space a room one afternoon a week (or more)
2 Access to Learning Resources (& estates)
3 Affinity Partners discuss & guide, create affinity groups
Any institution can open a WikiQuals Open Learning Lab it is
about providing a generative platform
Please help WikiQuals grow up and leave home…