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2. BY
GEETHU S
2011-06-007
Kelappaji college of agricultural engineering and
technology,tavanur,malappuram
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3. INTRODUCTION
 Sugar mills produces range of by-products during the process of
sugar extraction
 Each tone of raw sugar produce seven tonnes of waste product.
 By-products include wastewater, molasses, bagasse, press mud
 These wastes are mainly used, to producing fuel, to generate
electricity, used as nutrients for plant
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4. Fig: layout of sugar mill
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5. SUGAR FROM SUGARCANE
HARVESTING
CRUSHING
JUICE FILTRATION
BOILING OF JUICE
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6. Cont…..
SYRUP TREATMENT
CRYSTALLIZATION
CENTRIFUGATION
STORAGE
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7. Fig: sugar cane crushing operation
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8. WASTES FROM SUGAR INDUSRY
ARE….
Sugarcane tops
Bagasse
Molasses
Press mud
Waste water
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9. SUGARCANE TOPS
 It is mainly used for fuel production and animal feed.
 It contain 85% dry matter, 5.5% crude protein.
 Energy value – 7 MJ/Kg.
PROCESS
Sugarcane tops drying pelletizing animal feed
steam production
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10. BAGGASE
 Fibrous residue left after crushing and extraction of the juice
 It contains fibre water and small quantity of soluble solids
 It contain
cellulose - 45-55%
hemicellulose - 20-25%
lignin - 18-24%
ash - 1-4%
wax - <1%
USES
 Lignin from bagasse is used in fibre industry
 Cellulose used as a material for manufacturing of pulp and paper
 Fuel for electricity production
 Charcoal producton
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11. Mainly used for
 Paper production
 Ethanol production
 Electricity/cogeneration
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12. Paper production from bagasse
Bagasse
Dewatering pulp thickening
Cooking bleaching
Pulp washing paper
Pulp screening
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13. Ethanol production from bagasse
Bagasse
Pre-treatment by acid/steam
hydrolysis
fermentation(30⁰C for 36-48 hr)
distillation
ethanol
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14. POWER GENERATION FROM BAGASSE
 Sugar mills have been able to produce power in season as well as
off season by using bagasse.
 3500 MV bagasse based cogeneration potential in our country.
 It reduce the green house effect in terms of usage of biomass as
fuel.
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15. MOLASES
 It is syrup left after the final stage of sugar extraction
 Obtained as the result of boiling of sugar cane juice
 Two type molasses – cane molasses and sugar beet molasses
USES
 Production of bio ethanol
 Principle ingredient in distillation of rum
 As additives in livestock feed
 Source for yeast production
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16. BIO ETHANOL FROM MOLASSES
Molasses
Distillation
Gelatinization
Refining
hydrolysis
bio ethanol
Fermentation(at 30⁰C for 36-40 hr)
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17. PRESSMUD
 It is the precipitated impurities obtained after the filtration of cane
juice
 It is mainly used as a fertilizer
 It contain 7% nitrogen and 1% phosphate
 In combination with molasses and fish meal in the proportion of
50:35:15 used as feed for cow
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18. WASTE WATER FROM SUGAR INDUSTRY
 Anaerobic digestion, activated sludge treatment and trickling
filtration methods are used for waste water treatment.
 In anaerobic digestion the dissolved organic solids are transferred
into methane , carbon dioxide, small amounts of other gasses
 In trickling filtration and in activated sludge treatment the
microbial population utilises oxygen dissolved in the wastewater
to oxidise the dissolved organic matter to carbon di oxide and
water.
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