updated (2014)

1. Flowers
Presented by:
Geonyzl L. Alviola

2. Intro on flowers

A diagnostic feature of the
angiosperm.

Modified reproductive shoot

The shoot is determinate

3. Flower parts

4. 
Pedicel – the flower stalk
(if absent the flower attachment is sessile)

Bract – reduced leaf

Epicalyx - series of bracts
calyx
epicalyx

6. 

Receptacle – region of the flower
which the floral parts are attached
Perianth (perigonium)
receptacle

7. 
Tepals – if perianth is
undifferentiated/ the
individual leaf parts
- The term tepal
is usually used when
all segments of the
perianth are of similar
shape and color,

8. Perianth is differentiated into two
groups
A. Calyx – the outermost series of the
whorl and consist of individual units
of modified leaves called SEPALS
B. Corolla – the inner most series that
consist a modified leaves called
PETALS

10. 
Hypanthium – Floral tube
- a cup like or tubular structure
- around or top of the ovary
- bearing along the margin the
sepals, petals and stamen

12. 
Nectary – a specialized structure that secretes
nectar
- found on parianth parts ,
- or within the receptacle
- or within the androecium or
gynoecium

15. 
Androecium refers to all of the male
organs
- collectively called STAMENS
consist of the following parts:
a. filament (stalk-like)
b. anther (pollen bearing)

17. 
Gynoecium refers to all female
organs of a flower.
- collective called CARPEL(pistil)
consist of the following parts:
a. ovary
b. style
c. stigma

18. gynoecium

19. 
Gynostegium
- the male and
female organs are
fused as one
structure

20. 
Androgynophore
- A stalk that bears
the androecium
and gynoecium

21. Flower Attachment

22. Pedicellate

Flowers with pedicel

24. Flower cycly

25. Flower Cycly
-
Refers to the number of cycles (series of
whorls) or floral parts.
Two basic terms :
1. Complete – having all four major series
(sepals, petals, stamens & carpels)
2. Incomplete – for a flowering lacking one or
more of the four major whorls or parts.

26. Complete Flower

27. Incomplete flower
Tulip
Raspberry

28. Flower Sex and Plant Sex

29. Floral Sex or Flower sex

1.
2.
Refers to the absence or presence
of male and female parts with the
flower.
two kinds :
Perfect / bisexual – both stamen and
carpel are present in one flower
Imperfect/ unisexual – only one is
present

30. Imperfect

Have two kinds :
1. Pistillate (female) – carpel present but
stamen absent

31. Imperfect Flower
2. Staminate – have only the stamen

32. Plant Sex

Refers to the presence and distribution of
perfect and imperfect flower on individual of a
species.
A. Hermaphroditic – only a perfect flower
B. Monoecious – a plant with only unisexual
flowers both male and female on the same
individual plant
C. Dieocious – have unisexual flower with
staminate and pistillate on separate individuals

33. Monoecious Plant

34. Dioecious

35. Other variations



Polygamous plant – having both
bisexual and unisexual flowers
Andromonoecious plant - having both
staminate and perfect flowers on the
same individual
Gynomonoecious plant – both pistillate
and perfect flowers on the same
individual

36. 

Trimonoecious – refers to a plant
with pistillate, staminate and perfect
flowers on the same individual
Gynodiecious – refers to a plant with
female flowers on some individuals
and perfect flowers on the other

37. 

Androdioecious – refers to a plant
with male flowers on some and
perfect flowers on othe individuals
Trioecious – refers to a plant with
pistillate, staminate and perfect
flowers on different individuals

38. Flower Symmetry