Bhawanipatna Call Girls ๐9332606886 Call Girls in Bhawanipatna Escorts servic...
ย
DNR outstanding ethico legal-fiqhi issues
1. DNR: OUTSTANDING ETHICO-
LEGAL-FIQHI ISSUES
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics King Fahad Medical City
2. 2.0 UNCERTAINTIES
(qaโidat al yaqiin)
โข Definition of terminal illness, maradh al mawt
โข Death process: point z - prolongation of life
vs prolongation of death
โข Peri-operational DNR
โข Pre-hospital DNR
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
3. 3.0 PROTECTION OF LIFE
(maqsad hifdh al nafs) VS EXCLUDING FUTILITY
โข Artificial life support vis a vis allowing natural death
(AND)
โข Do not resuscitate orders (DNR)
โข Do not treat orders (DNT)
โข DNR as Passive Euthanasia (EU) โ al umuur bi
maqasidiha
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
4. 4.0 PROTECTION OF THE PATIENT FROM
POTENTIAL HARM (qaโidat al dharar)
โข Paternalism
โข Patient consent for CPR
โข Patient consent for DNR
โข Family assent to DNR
โข Age discrimination
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
5. 5.0 PROTECTION/CONSERVATION OF
RESOURCES (maqsad hifdh al maal)
โข Over and/or inappropriate utilization of
ICU resources
โข Synonyms for ICU:
โ Intensive Monitoring Unit (IMU)
โ Futile Care Unit (FCU)
โ Wasteful Care Unit (WCU)
โ Extremist Care Unit (ECU)
โ Mortuary Care Unit (MCU)
โ Hospice Care Unit (HCU)
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
6. 5.0 PROTECTION/CONSERVATION OF
RESOURCES (maqsad hifdh al maal)
โข Use of palliative instead of intensive care
โข KPI: ICU mortality/discharge a reflection of
admission and not intervention
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
7. 6.0 IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
โข DNR policies and guidelines
โข Knowledge of physicians regarding DNR
โข Practices of physicians regarding DNR
โข Mistaken Identification of DNR patients
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
8. 7.0 CRITERIA FOR DNR
(hifdh al nafs vs hifdh al maal)
โข DNR: an established death process beyond
Youngโs z point
โข DNT: terminal conditions not yet in an
established death process.
โข DNR & DNT: admit to palliative care where
hi-tech is not available
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
9. 8.0 The KFMC CPP No 1430-60 6
EXAMPLES FOR DNR
โข Advanced incurable malignancy
โข advanced multi-organ failure
โข irreversible, severe, and documented brain
damage
โข advanced cardiac, hepatic, or pulmonary disease
โข inoperable, life threatening congenital heart
disease, fatal chromosomal or neuromuscular
disease
โข Irreversible, severe, mental and physical
incapacity.
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
10. 9.0 The SAMSO MSP 7 EXAMPLES FOR
DNR:
โข Advanced incurable, end-stage malignancy
โข End-stage organ failure
โข Advanced irreversible brain damage
โข End-stage renal disease if renal replacement therapy
is not feasible
โข Inoperable congenital anomalies incompatible with
life
โข Fatal chromosomal abnormalities
โข Brain death.
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
11. 10.0 COMPONENTS OF A DNR ORDER
โข Cardiopulmonary resuscitation involving
chest compressions and oxygenation
โข Endotracheal intubation
โข Mechanical ventilation
โข Defibrillation
โข Vaso-active/ionotropic medication
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
12. 11.0 MAY/MAY NOT: NON-CARDIO-
RESPIRATORY LIFE SUPPORT
โข Renal dialysis
โข Blood transfusion
โข Parenteral nutrition
โข Pulmonary hygiene
โข Normal treatment eg antibiotics
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
13. 12.0 SUPPORTIVE CARE FOR ALL DNR
PATIENTS
โข Clearance of secretions (oral, throat, etc)
โข Hydration and nutrition
โข Pain management, antipyretics, and sedation
โข Supplemental oxygen
โข Anti emetics and relieve of constipation
โข Relief of urinary retention
โข Relief of dypnea and cough)
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City
14. 13.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
โข Develop palliative care as an alternative to ICU for
DNR and DNT cases
โข Training workshops on the ethical issues of EOL
โข DNR orders to specify interventions
intended/prohibited
โข Respecting the autonomy of physicians who have
conscientious objections to DNR
โข More psycho-social support for DNR families
โข More empirical research on the DNR process
โข Regular audits of DNR decisions and outcomes.
Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr
Omar Hasan K Kasule Sr Department of Bioethics
King Fahad Medical City