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CO2 capture, transport and
geological storage programmes
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
CIUDEN es.CO2
Centre for technological development
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
es.CO2 - Schematic diagram
15-30 MWth
CFB
BOILER
FUEL
PREPARATION
SYSTEM
SCR
GAS
CLEANING
SYSTEM
Compression
and Separation
Unit
MIX AND
PREHEATING
SYSTEM
20 MWth
PC
BOILER
Air
FGR1
O2 Storage
and
Vaporisation
FGR2
FGDBag Filter
STACK
CO2
ExpanderBiomass
C
y
c
l
o
n
Torch
GASIFIER
PC
SILO
MIXERS
Gas
Clean up
Preheating
train
CO2 TRANSPORT
TEST RIG
CO2
Final Review Meeting
Brussels 13/02/2014
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
FUEL PREPARATION
BIOMASS
GASIFIER
PC BOILER
20 MWth
CFB BOILER
30 MWth
TECHNICAL BUILDINGS
AND CONTROL ROOM
FLUEGAS
CLEANING
FLUE GAS
RECIRCULATION AND
MIXING
CO2
COMPRESSION &
PURIFICATION
UNIT
CO2 EXPERIMENTAL
TRANSPORT RIG
INDUSTRIAL SITE
65.000 m2
BUILDINGS
• Technical: 3.500 m2
• Industrial: 1.300 m2
es.CO2 – Aerial view
Final Review Meeting
Brussels 13/02/2014
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
July 2011
First gas
fire CFB boiler
November 2011
1st phase completed:
CO2 capture in oxycombustion
October 2012
Completed CO2 capture in
oxycombustion
June 2011
Works completed for:
•Balance of the plant
•Auxiliary power
•Cyclone and bag filter
•Ash evacuation system
August 2011
First coal
fire CFB boiler
September 2011
First oxycombustion
CFB boiler
September 2012
CPU ready for testing
4
Milestones
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
MORE THAN 2,600
OPERATING
HOURS IN
OXYCOMBUSTION!
MORE
THAN 3,700
OPERATING
HOURS IN TOTAL!
2011 2012 2013
Lessons learned
 Oxycombustion in CFB demonstrated at this scale
 Integration of oxycombustion and CO2 capture demonstrated
 Complete automation of air to oxy mode and vv. transitions achieved
 Adequate operational conditions identified
 Dramatic reduction of specific emissions
 Important design data for scale-up collected
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
Technology maturity
at low cost
Less risks
Public perception
FGD Development: a good case study for CCS technologies at utility scale?
Ref: Rubin, et al. GHGT-8 proceedings, 2006
Lessons learned
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
• European Energy Programme for RecoveryEEPR
• Allocation of
CCS and RES emissions allowances
NER-300
• CCS European Industrial InitiativeCCS EII
• Horizon 2020
Relevant funding
mechanism (EC)
CCS support initiatives
Fundación Ciudad de la Energía
CO2 Geological Storage Programme
J. Carlos de Dios
Director of CO2 Geological Storage Programme
KS Event CCS Network
May 8th, 2014
9
WP3 CO2 Storage
Identification, characterization and operation of a Technology Development Plant for
CO2 Geological Storage
Activities committed in the project include:
• Site Selection
• Site Characterization
• Design and construction of the TDP
• Modelling of CO2 injection strategies and their behaviour
• CO2 Monitoring Strategies
• Long term Risk Assessment
• Cost reduction actions identification
TDP in operation : December 2013 Final Conclusions Study : October 2014
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
Transfer of
liabilities
Site Selection &
Characterization
Injection in the
storage rock
Storage Engineering
Injection
Monitoring
Monitoring
Commercial CO2 Storage
Pre-operational Operational
Post-
operational
Transfer to
the state
CIUDEN´S OBJECTIVES RELATED TO GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CO2
 To demonstrate its feasibility and security.
 To develop methodologies and technologies.
 To facilitate technical criteria for the Regulating
Authority.
 To promote education.
Real-scale
Technological
Development Plant is
required
11
CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT
FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE
Site selection, since 2008
 The process involved
the study of data at
national level. The
screening works led to the
election of Hontomin,
based on its structure,
properties, availability of
previous data, being also
compared with other
options in the same basin
on a risk assessment basis.
12
Baseline, characterization & monitoring at Hontomín TDP
CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT
FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE
Micro-seismic network of 30
stations
446400 446500 446600 446700 446800 446900 447000 447100
47145004714600471470047148004714900
Este
Norte
2
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
12 12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
14
14 14
14
14
14
14
16
16
Gas
Flow
Displacement measurement from
satellite
High resolution 3D Seismics
13
Baseline, characterization & monitoring at Hontomín TDP
 This installation is
highly instrumented with
a wide range of
monitoring technologies,
which will allow to track
the changes once in
operation.
 These data is also
essential to validate risk
assessment activities,
increasing knowledge in
safe CO2 storage.
CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT
FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE
14
 Knowledge of the groundwater state before
the CO2 injection.
 Hydrogeological characterization of the
aquifer and seal formations.
 Identification of geological structures which
allow the CO2 to migrate upwards.
 Hydrogeological and hydrochemical
monitoring of the CO2 migration.
HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT OF HONTOMÍN
H-A Well
H-I Well
Gas Plant
Water Plant
Pools
16
PROCESS DIAGRAM OF THE TDP OF HONTOMÍN
17
WELL DRILLING
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140
H-A: Curva Profundidad vs. Tiempo
Días
Profundidad(m)
Prognosis
Actual
216,60mCasing133/8"
20m Casing20"
593,92mCasing 95/8"
Perforación121/4"aRotaciónC.I.
Perforación81/2"a RotaciónC.D.
RegistroCBL/VDLCasing 9 5/8"
1281-489,6m 7"Liner
Testigo-1:1313- 1320 m
Testigo-2:1320- 1323,8 m
Testigo-3:1343 - 1350 m
Testigo-10:1515 - 1522 m
Testigo-11:1522 - 1528,8 m
Testigo-12:1528,8 - 1531 m
16/08/2013
Perforación6"a RotaciónC.D.
Perforación171/2"aPercusión
Perforación171/2"aRotaciónC. I.
Testigo-4:1401 - 1405 m
Testigo-5:1405 - 1412 m
Testigo-6:1442 - 1449 m
Testigo-7:1449 - 1450,26 m
Testigo-8:1457 - 1463 m (Rec.0%)
Testigo-9:1464 - 1464,12 m
TD:1580m MD
WOlogging: 4 días
Logging: 3 días
Desplazar lodo: 1 día
Producciónagua: 5 días
Testsinyección: 6días
TP&A and rig down: 3 días
23/03/2013
18
PETROLOGICAL AND PETROPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF
RESERVOIR AND SEAL FORMATIONS
Composition
Mechanical properties
Porosity and pore size distribution
0,000
0,500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
K
1/Pm
Permeability
19
COMPLETION AND INSTRUMENTATION OF HI & HA WELLS
20
INJECTIVITY AND CONNECTIVITY TESTS
 Determination of hydraulic parameters (permeability, injectivity, etc.).
 Determination of connectivity between HI and HA wells.
Well Tests Summary - Hontomin H-A
Test Bottom Packer Bottom Packer Total H Total net H P @ depth P/hydr T Formation
mMD mMD m m bar mMD °C
Production #1 296 111,7 1281 0,872163 37,8 All
Injection #1 1530 unset - TD = 1580 50 ? - 1530 - 46,5
Dolomias de sopeña +
anhidritas
Injection #2 1501 1529,8 28,8 8 141,2 1501 0,941 45,8 Dolomias de sopeña
Injection #3 1472 1500,8 28,8 5 138,6 1472 0,942 44,8 calizas inf sopeña
Injection #4 1439,1 1467,9 28,8 15 135,4 1439,1 0,941 43,9 calizas sup sopeña
Injection #5 1414,2 unset - TD = 1580 165,8 28 132,7 1414,2 0,938 43,3 All
Injection #5B 1414,2 unset - TD = 1580 165,8 28 132,5 1414,2 0,937 43,3 All
In red: doubtful values
Test Model Remarks DP WH Rate Dt K.h K S K outside zone
l/hr hr mD.m mD for radial comp model
Production #1
Rate drops down to 1/4
within 24hr 50 ? 200 > 24
Injection #1 unconclusive tests 23 - - - - -
Injection #2 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 53 17,34 0,52 0,18 0,0225 -1
Injection #3 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 48 47,8 1,03 1,43 0,286 -0,4
Injection #4 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 41,6 9,42 1,09 0,95 0,063192 9,8
Injection #5 Radial comp
Inj with Solexpert small
pump 12,5 90 4,00 8,83 0,316 2,11 # 3 mD @ 12m ?
Injection #5B Radial comp Inj with Rig pump 42 600 2,00 24,23042 0,866 1 # 3-5mD @ 20m ?
no packer / whole OH section = 1284 - 1580
1E-4 1E-3 0.01 0.1 1 10
Time [hr]
1
10
100
Pressure[psi]
119
119.5
Pressure[bara]
0 20 40
Time [hr]
-250
-125
Liquidrate[m3/D]
RISK ASSESSMENT
To develop a risk probabilistic assessment model related to deep geological CO2
Storage in saline carbonate aquifers, proved with results from experimental
activities at real scale in Hontomin TDP
Resultado Riesgo
de fuga en el primario
Resultado Riesgo
de fuga en el secundario
Resultado Riesgo
de fuga
Resultado Capacidad
de dispersión edáfica
Análisis de
Sensibilidad
Falla del primario
Tectónica
Alcance de la
pluma de CO2
en el primario
Formación sello del primario
Escape estructural
en el primario
Pozo del primario
Función
matemática
Falla del secundario
Formación sello
del secundario
Alcance de la
pluma de CO2
en el secundario
Escape estructural
en el secundario
Pozo del secundario
Función matemática
Capacidad de dispersión
edáfica
Función matemática

( ) ( )
( )
( )
i i
i
P B A P A
P A B
P B

( ) ( )
( )
( )
i i
i
P B A P A
P A B
P B 
( ) ( )
( )
( )
i i
i
P B A P A
P A B
P B
22
The works developed in this project have allowed to create a trustworthy
relationship with key stakeholders as with the local community.
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
23
Drilling phase finished, operative last quarter 2013
This installation will be devoted to real scale experiments in deep porous rock formations
to test and develop new technologies in storage engineering, CO2 injection strategies and
safe operation.
• Current site capacity threshold by Law: 100,000 t.
• On-shore deep saline aquifer storage.
(administrative requirement Spanish Law 40/2010 CO2 Geological Storage)
• Cost reduction Action with the use of Light Drilling Equipment (up to 60%).
• Safe operation including well integrity and leakage prediction techniques.
• CO2 injection strategies: liquid, supercritical and gas.
CURRENT STATUS OF THE TDP OF HONTOMÍN
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
HONTOMÍN TDP
KS CCS Network
8th May, 2014
Thanks for the attention
J. Carlos de Dios
CO2 Geological Storage Programme
Tel.+34 987 456 323
Mobile +34-639 110 760
jc.dedios@ciuden.es
Technological Development Plant for CO2 Storage
www.ciuden.es

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CO2 capture, transport and geological storage programmes

  • 1. CO2 capture, transport and geological storage programmes KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 CIUDEN es.CO2 Centre for technological development
  • 2. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 es.CO2 - Schematic diagram 15-30 MWth CFB BOILER FUEL PREPARATION SYSTEM SCR GAS CLEANING SYSTEM Compression and Separation Unit MIX AND PREHEATING SYSTEM 20 MWth PC BOILER Air FGR1 O2 Storage and Vaporisation FGR2 FGDBag Filter STACK CO2 ExpanderBiomass C y c l o n Torch GASIFIER PC SILO MIXERS Gas Clean up Preheating train CO2 TRANSPORT TEST RIG CO2
  • 3. Final Review Meeting Brussels 13/02/2014 KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 FUEL PREPARATION BIOMASS GASIFIER PC BOILER 20 MWth CFB BOILER 30 MWth TECHNICAL BUILDINGS AND CONTROL ROOM FLUEGAS CLEANING FLUE GAS RECIRCULATION AND MIXING CO2 COMPRESSION & PURIFICATION UNIT CO2 EXPERIMENTAL TRANSPORT RIG INDUSTRIAL SITE 65.000 m2 BUILDINGS • Technical: 3.500 m2 • Industrial: 1.300 m2 es.CO2 – Aerial view
  • 4. Final Review Meeting Brussels 13/02/2014 KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 July 2011 First gas fire CFB boiler November 2011 1st phase completed: CO2 capture in oxycombustion October 2012 Completed CO2 capture in oxycombustion June 2011 Works completed for: •Balance of the plant •Auxiliary power •Cyclone and bag filter •Ash evacuation system August 2011 First coal fire CFB boiler September 2011 First oxycombustion CFB boiler September 2012 CPU ready for testing 4 Milestones
  • 5. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 MORE THAN 2,600 OPERATING HOURS IN OXYCOMBUSTION! MORE THAN 3,700 OPERATING HOURS IN TOTAL! 2011 2012 2013 Lessons learned  Oxycombustion in CFB demonstrated at this scale  Integration of oxycombustion and CO2 capture demonstrated  Complete automation of air to oxy mode and vv. transitions achieved  Adequate operational conditions identified  Dramatic reduction of specific emissions  Important design data for scale-up collected
  • 6. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 Technology maturity at low cost Less risks Public perception FGD Development: a good case study for CCS technologies at utility scale? Ref: Rubin, et al. GHGT-8 proceedings, 2006 Lessons learned
  • 7. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 • European Energy Programme for RecoveryEEPR • Allocation of CCS and RES emissions allowances NER-300 • CCS European Industrial InitiativeCCS EII • Horizon 2020 Relevant funding mechanism (EC) CCS support initiatives
  • 8. Fundación Ciudad de la Energía CO2 Geological Storage Programme J. Carlos de Dios Director of CO2 Geological Storage Programme KS Event CCS Network May 8th, 2014
  • 9. 9 WP3 CO2 Storage Identification, characterization and operation of a Technology Development Plant for CO2 Geological Storage Activities committed in the project include: • Site Selection • Site Characterization • Design and construction of the TDP • Modelling of CO2 injection strategies and their behaviour • CO2 Monitoring Strategies • Long term Risk Assessment • Cost reduction actions identification TDP in operation : December 2013 Final Conclusions Study : October 2014
  • 10. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 Transfer of liabilities Site Selection & Characterization Injection in the storage rock Storage Engineering Injection Monitoring Monitoring Commercial CO2 Storage Pre-operational Operational Post- operational Transfer to the state CIUDEN´S OBJECTIVES RELATED TO GEOLOGICAL STORAGE OF CO2  To demonstrate its feasibility and security.  To develop methodologies and technologies.  To facilitate technical criteria for the Regulating Authority.  To promote education. Real-scale Technological Development Plant is required
  • 11. 11 CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE Site selection, since 2008  The process involved the study of data at national level. The screening works led to the election of Hontomin, based on its structure, properties, availability of previous data, being also compared with other options in the same basin on a risk assessment basis.
  • 12. 12 Baseline, characterization & monitoring at Hontomín TDP CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE Micro-seismic network of 30 stations 446400 446500 446600 446700 446800 446900 447000 447100 47145004714600471470047148004714900 Este Norte 2 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 16 16 Gas Flow Displacement measurement from satellite High resolution 3D Seismics
  • 13. 13 Baseline, characterization & monitoring at Hontomín TDP  This installation is highly instrumented with a wide range of monitoring technologies, which will allow to track the changes once in operation.  These data is also essential to validate risk assessment activities, increasing knowledge in safe CO2 storage. CIUDEN´S TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT FOR CO2 GEOLOGICAL STORAGE
  • 14. 14  Knowledge of the groundwater state before the CO2 injection.  Hydrogeological characterization of the aquifer and seal formations.  Identification of geological structures which allow the CO2 to migrate upwards.  Hydrogeological and hydrochemical monitoring of the CO2 migration. HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
  • 15. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PLANT OF HONTOMÍN H-A Well H-I Well Gas Plant Water Plant Pools
  • 16. 16 PROCESS DIAGRAM OF THE TDP OF HONTOMÍN
  • 17. 17 WELL DRILLING 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550 1600 1650 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 H-A: Curva Profundidad vs. Tiempo Días Profundidad(m) Prognosis Actual 216,60mCasing133/8" 20m Casing20" 593,92mCasing 95/8" Perforación121/4"aRotaciónC.I. Perforación81/2"a RotaciónC.D. RegistroCBL/VDLCasing 9 5/8" 1281-489,6m 7"Liner Testigo-1:1313- 1320 m Testigo-2:1320- 1323,8 m Testigo-3:1343 - 1350 m Testigo-10:1515 - 1522 m Testigo-11:1522 - 1528,8 m Testigo-12:1528,8 - 1531 m 16/08/2013 Perforación6"a RotaciónC.D. Perforación171/2"aPercusión Perforación171/2"aRotaciónC. I. Testigo-4:1401 - 1405 m Testigo-5:1405 - 1412 m Testigo-6:1442 - 1449 m Testigo-7:1449 - 1450,26 m Testigo-8:1457 - 1463 m (Rec.0%) Testigo-9:1464 - 1464,12 m TD:1580m MD WOlogging: 4 días Logging: 3 días Desplazar lodo: 1 día Producciónagua: 5 días Testsinyección: 6días TP&A and rig down: 3 días 23/03/2013
  • 18. 18 PETROLOGICAL AND PETROPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RESERVOIR AND SEAL FORMATIONS Composition Mechanical properties Porosity and pore size distribution 0,000 0,500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 K 1/Pm Permeability
  • 20. 20 INJECTIVITY AND CONNECTIVITY TESTS  Determination of hydraulic parameters (permeability, injectivity, etc.).  Determination of connectivity between HI and HA wells. Well Tests Summary - Hontomin H-A Test Bottom Packer Bottom Packer Total H Total net H P @ depth P/hydr T Formation mMD mMD m m bar mMD °C Production #1 296 111,7 1281 0,872163 37,8 All Injection #1 1530 unset - TD = 1580 50 ? - 1530 - 46,5 Dolomias de sopeña + anhidritas Injection #2 1501 1529,8 28,8 8 141,2 1501 0,941 45,8 Dolomias de sopeña Injection #3 1472 1500,8 28,8 5 138,6 1472 0,942 44,8 calizas inf sopeña Injection #4 1439,1 1467,9 28,8 15 135,4 1439,1 0,941 43,9 calizas sup sopeña Injection #5 1414,2 unset - TD = 1580 165,8 28 132,7 1414,2 0,938 43,3 All Injection #5B 1414,2 unset - TD = 1580 165,8 28 132,5 1414,2 0,937 43,3 All In red: doubtful values Test Model Remarks DP WH Rate Dt K.h K S K outside zone l/hr hr mD.m mD for radial comp model Production #1 Rate drops down to 1/4 within 24hr 50 ? 200 > 24 Injection #1 unconclusive tests 23 - - - - - Injection #2 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 53 17,34 0,52 0,18 0,0225 -1 Injection #3 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 48 47,8 1,03 1,43 0,286 -0,4 Injection #4 Possible Double F (weak) Inj with N2 at WH 41,6 9,42 1,09 0,95 0,063192 9,8 Injection #5 Radial comp Inj with Solexpert small pump 12,5 90 4,00 8,83 0,316 2,11 # 3 mD @ 12m ? Injection #5B Radial comp Inj with Rig pump 42 600 2,00 24,23042 0,866 1 # 3-5mD @ 20m ? no packer / whole OH section = 1284 - 1580 1E-4 1E-3 0.01 0.1 1 10 Time [hr] 1 10 100 Pressure[psi] 119 119.5 Pressure[bara] 0 20 40 Time [hr] -250 -125 Liquidrate[m3/D]
  • 21. RISK ASSESSMENT To develop a risk probabilistic assessment model related to deep geological CO2 Storage in saline carbonate aquifers, proved with results from experimental activities at real scale in Hontomin TDP Resultado Riesgo de fuga en el primario Resultado Riesgo de fuga en el secundario Resultado Riesgo de fuga Resultado Capacidad de dispersión edáfica Análisis de Sensibilidad Falla del primario Tectónica Alcance de la pluma de CO2 en el primario Formación sello del primario Escape estructural en el primario Pozo del primario Función matemática Falla del secundario Formación sello del secundario Alcance de la pluma de CO2 en el secundario Escape estructural en el secundario Pozo del secundario Función matemática Capacidad de dispersión edáfica Función matemática  ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) i i i P B A P A P A B P B  ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) i i i P B A P A P A B P B  ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) i i i P B A P A P A B P B
  • 22. 22 The works developed in this project have allowed to create a trustworthy relationship with key stakeholders as with the local community. PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
  • 23. 23 Drilling phase finished, operative last quarter 2013 This installation will be devoted to real scale experiments in deep porous rock formations to test and develop new technologies in storage engineering, CO2 injection strategies and safe operation. • Current site capacity threshold by Law: 100,000 t. • On-shore deep saline aquifer storage. (administrative requirement Spanish Law 40/2010 CO2 Geological Storage) • Cost reduction Action with the use of Light Drilling Equipment (up to 60%). • Safe operation including well integrity and leakage prediction techniques. • CO2 injection strategies: liquid, supercritical and gas. CURRENT STATUS OF THE TDP OF HONTOMÍN
  • 24. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 HONTOMÍN TDP
  • 25. KS CCS Network 8th May, 2014 Thanks for the attention J. Carlos de Dios CO2 Geological Storage Programme Tel.+34 987 456 323 Mobile +34-639 110 760 jc.dedios@ciuden.es Technological Development Plant for CO2 Storage www.ciuden.es