November 201 by Gabriela Grau

1. Introduction to GWP Central America:
progress and future plans
By Gabriela Grau
Senior Network Officer – Latin America

2. Content
• Water context in a nutshell
• Evolution of GWP in CAm
• GWP’s contribution to this region
• Progress on “Central American water, climate
and development programme”

3. Water context in a nutshell
 WMO: ”CAM has enough water, they use less than 10%”
BUT
 41 M people  2/3 in Pacific basin <1/3 of water
 Water quality is deficient
 ES: 2% of water in rivers  apt human & agriculture
 CR: 70% of sewage is released without treatment
 W&S high coverage  60% of service is deficient
 CC and water
 1930-2008  248 extreme events (94%)
 Poor + economy (11 events13.6 billion USD)

4. Evolution of GWP in Central America
CATAC (Central America Technical
Belice
Panama
Guatemala
El Salvador
= Advisory Committee) 2000
mission
Costa Rica Nicaragua
GWP El Salvador (’06)
Honduras
GWP Guatemala (’06)
GWP Honduras (’06)
GWP Costa Rica (’06)
GWP GWP Centroamerica
Secretariat  (Regional Water Partnership)*
2006
GWP Panama (’07)
GWP Nicaragua (’07) Belice
*Secretariat based in Honduras

5. Partners by type of organisation
Type of organisation Central America
Government 28 (18 %)
Municipalities, public
service providers 24 (15 %)
ONG 65 (40 %)
Education and
research 24 (15 %)
Professional
associations 4
Private enterprises 9
Other (Int. & donors) 7
Total 161

6. Number of Partners by country…
Country /CWP # of Partners
Belize 4
GWP Costa Rica 25
GWP El Salvador 39
GWP Guatemala 28
GWP Honduras 21
GWP Nicaragua 27
GWP Panama 17
Total
161
AVG = 26

7. Partners by country… not only numbers!
Country Highest Government water/env. authorities
Belize (Hydrology Unit National Meteorological Service)
Ministerio de Ambiente, Energía y Telecomunicaciones
Costa Rica (MINAET)
Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG)
Servicios Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET/MARN)
El Salvador Comisión Ejecutiva Hidroeléctrica del río Lempa
Comisión Trinacional del Plan Trifinio
Guatemala Ministerio de Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARN)
Secretaría General de Planificación (SEGEPLAN)
Honduras Dirección de Recursos Hídricos (SERNA)
Nicaragua Ministerio de Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (MARENA)
Panama Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM)

8. Partners by country… not only numbers!
Country Main water supply and sanitation agencies
Belize (Public Utilities Commission)
Instituto Costarricence de Acueductos y Alcantarillados
Costa Rica
(AyA)
El Salvador (WS&S at local government level)
Guatemala Red de Agua y Saneamiento de Guatemala (RASGUA)
Honduras Servicio Nacional de Acueductos y Alcantarillados (SANAA)
Empresa Nicaragüense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados
Nicaragua
Sanitarios (ENACAL)
Instituto de Acueductos y Alcantarrillados Nacionales
Panama
(IDAAN)

9. Partners by country… not only numbers!
Country Top national universities and research centres
Belize
Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Costa Rica Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza
(CATIE)
El Salvador Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas
Esc. de Ingenieria Santitaria, Universidad de San Carlos
Guatemala Instituto Nacional de Bosques
Centro de Estudios Ambientales, Univ del Valle
Honduras Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras
Centro para la investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de
Nicaragua
Nicaragua (CIRA-UNAM)
Centro de Investigaciones Hidráulicas e Hidrotécnicas de la
Panama
Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá

10. GWP CAm’s contribution to the region
 Triggered the preparation of water
bills in the region + improved their
quality + contributed to two Water
Acts (Nic ’07 & Hon ’09)  7
Conferences for Legislators, followed
by technical advice and consultation
processes
 Reactivation of Reg. IWRM strategy
(ECAGIRH) + content of ECAGIRH
& PACAGIRH (reg. IWRM plan)
expected to be approved by Ministers
of Env. (CCAD)

11. Some examples of achievements at CWP level…
Panama: methodology to ensure broader
participation in implementation of Panama
Canal Basin mgt plan + preparation of IWRM
National Plan
El Salvador: increased budget for W&S by
USD 30M + AECID&IADB  through study
on public spending + media
Costa Rica: establishment of National
Water Policy (2005) basis for: Plan Nacional
de Aguas & Pollution and consumption levies
(9M USD/’10 + reduced pollution)

12. Some examples of achievements at CWP level
Honduras: Water Act + regulatory
framework  Ministers’ Council
Nicaragua: Water Act led to the creation
of ANA guidelines for IWRM/basin
planning
Guatemala: Government established the
Gabinete Específico del Agua (vice-
President + 10 ministers + SEGEPLAN) &
GWP advisor to the government
on water related dialogues

13. Central American Water, Climate and
Development Programme
Key Programme components: (LL from Africa)
1. To incorporate CC adaptation and IWRM as a high priority and
mainstreaming issue in the national development of CAM
countries.
2. To build institutional capacity to reduce vulnerability and for CC
adaptation through sustainable WM.
3. To diffuse and support the implementation of successful
adaptation strategies and develop sustainable funding strategies
for water security and climate resilience.
 Aligned to the Reg. CC Strategy (approved by Ministers of Env.)
 Inception phase under discussion  part of ERCC implementation
plan for approval by all CAM Presidents (Dec 11).

14. Central American Water, Climate and
Development Programme
Main Programme partners and progress:
• Central American Commission of Environment and
Development (CCAD)
– Strategic/planning framework: ERCC + ECAGIRH + PACAGIRH
• Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI)
– Baseline study on financial mechanisms (LL + KM + pilot)
• UN-Economic Commission for LAC
– The Economics of Climate Change in Central America (DFID-funded)
– Baseline study on fiscal situation (threats to income and demands on
expenditures within CC)  (finance sector) fiscal incentives to adaptation
and sustainability
• GWP Partners

15. Political will
Strategic framework
Planning framework
Key Partners and stakeholders
Credibility and technical capacity
Financial resources ?

16. THANKS !