1. How to Write a Research Paper SJSJ Middle SchoolMs. Pirtle’s Technology Class

2. The 11 Steps Select Topic Narrow the Topic Search for Sources Read and take notes Create an Outline Write Rough Draft In-text Citations Reference Page Revise and Rewrite Write & Proof Final Draft

3. 1. Select a Topic If your topic has not been assigned, you’ll need to decide on one. Brainstorm! Some questions to ask yourself: What interests me? Where will I find the information? Who else cares about this?

4. 2. Narrow Your Topic Does your topic address who, what, why, where, when? Example: Cyberbullying is too broad Cyberbullyingin schools is still too broad Effects of Cyberbullyngin Middle School

5. 3. Search for Sources Check with your teacher Google might be too time consuming! Topic-specific search engines Online libraries Encyclopedias NEVER cite Wikipedia! ALWAYS cross check your information!

6. 4. Read and Take Notes Start a Word file for your notes Tile your windows Windows Key + Left or Right Arrow Key Copy / paste passages you wish to quote paraphrase—be sure to copy the link, too! Ctrl + c >Ctrl + v or, Right click > copy > Right click paste Use menu commands +

7. 5. Outline An outline makes your paper much easier to write An outline will have: Introduction Tell what paper is about Pique the reader’s interst Body 3 - 5 Main Points with Sub Points Support ideas with quotes Conclusion Very briefly review your main points State your “take away” message Do NOT include new or detailed information

8. 6. Rough Draft Use your outline to keep organized Be sure you have downloaded and saved your paper template Tile your windows so you can work between your outline, your sources and your paper If you have trouble getting started, try free writing. Get as many ideas down as you can Worry about grammar, spelling and punctuation later Use quotes and paraphrased passages to prove your claims Learn about paraphrasing here: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/

9. 7. In-Text Citations All quotes and paraphrased passages need text citations. Here are some examples of in-line citations:http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/ Use a Citation Generator like citationmachine.net/

10. 8. Create Reference Page List all sources you used Examples here: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/06/ Use Citation Generator: citationmachine.net/

11. 9. Write and Revise Proper formatting? Effective introduction? Assertions are supported with quotes, examples or facts? Citations? For quotes and paraphrased passages For images, charts, graphs, etc. Copyright terms? Spelling, grammar and punctuation? Word count requirement? Self check for plagiarism: http://www.plagiarismchecker.com/ Effective conclusion?

12. 10 . Write & Proof Final Draft Check organization Do a final check of grammar, spelling, punctuation, citations and formatting Read your paper aloud Make sure your title page is complete—including your name!