1. Period 1:
Please get out your Jamestown:
The First English Colony outline!
Period 2, 4, 5, 6:
Please pick up a paper from the
side table and have a seat right
away!
Would you like to contribute to our
group gift?

2. The French and Indian War
Essential Question: Why and how do
people seek independence?

4. Background
French and Spanish owned land surrounding
British colonies
Colonies could not expand
Ohio River Valley was extremely important to
French:
Connected land in Canada to land on the
Mississippi River
French had profitable trade relations with
A’s
Britain wanted to trade with N-A’s for fur
N-

5. Native Americans Choose Sides
Native Americans needed to choose
sides:
British:
•
•
•
•
Farmers
Cleared/destroyed N-A land
Allies with Iroquois
Iroquois and British were enemies of the
Algonquin and Huron tribes

6. The Iroquois

7. Native Americans Choose Sides
French:
Trappers and Traders
Did not clear/destroy land
Married into and adopted N-A ways
Allies with Algonquin and Huron Tribes

8. The Huron

9. The British Strategy
•Use the British Army
and Colonial militia
troops to attack the
French by invading
Canada.
•Surround Canada’s
greatest city, Quebec,
and defeat it.
•Once Quebec has
fallen, France will have
to surrender their army
and leave North
America.

10. The French Strategy
•Defend Quebec at all costs
against the British invasion.
•Use their Indian allies to form
war parties and attack the
American colonists along the
undefended frontier. This will
force the American soldier to
leave the British army and
defend their homes.
•The French will encourage
massacres of Americans by
paying money for each
American scalp the Indians
take.

11. The American Colonists
•Many colonists feel that
the war is not their
responsibility. The British
need colonial support to
win, so they force the
Americans into service.
•Many colonists
experience prejudice at
the hands of the British
officers.
•Once the French begin
attacking their homes,
American desert the
British army.

12. Fighting Breaks out in 1754
British traveled into French land (in the
Ohio River Valley)
Built Fort Necessity near French Fort
Duquesne
Built by George Washington
French attacked and won
Released Washington
But there is much more to the story…

13. British “Brown Bess” Musket 1756
French 1728 Infantry Musket

20. Albany Congress of 1754
Delegates from 7 colonies
2 Goals:
Cement alliance with Iroquois
Plan a united Colonial defense
Albany Plan of Union:
Ben Franklin
Wanted to unite the colonies under one
commander
All colonies rejected the plan

22. British Luck
British lost most battles
William Pitt turned the tied of the War
Encouraged colonists to join the fight by
offering them large payments for supplies
and service
Seized Fort Duquesne and renamed it Fort
Pitt

23. End of the War
1759, British claimed Quebec (France’s
most important possession)
1763, the Treaty of Paris was signed:
Ended conflict
Marked the end of French power in North
America

24. Treaty of Paris
Britain gained all French land East of
the Mississippi River except New
Orleans and West Indies
Spain gained all French land West of
the Mississippi River and New Orleans