Free and open source software refers to software that is available without cost and allows users freedom to modify and share the software. Some key aspects are: - Free software focuses on liberty of users rather than price, allowing freedom to run, study, modify and share the software. - Open source refers to transparent software development that allows for distributed peer review to improve quality and reliability while reducing costs. - Free and open source software provides access to source code, ability to modify code, and no vendor lock-in, though hosting and support may have costs. - It is widely used for operating systems, servers, web applications, and embedded systems. Communities rather than single companies typically maintain free and open

1. Free and Open Source Software For Nonprofits: Tools and Tips Gregory Heller Twitter: @gregoryheller [email_address]

2. What is “Free Software” “ Free software” is a matter of liberty , not price. Think of “free” as in “free speech,” not “free” as in “free beer” .

4. The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

5. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2).

6. The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

7. Excerpted from http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html

8. What Is “Open Source” Open source is a development method for software that harnesses the power of distributed peer review and transparency of process. The promise of open source is better quality, higher reliability, more flexibility, lower cost, and an end to predatory vendor lock-in. Source: http://www.opensource.org/

10. Ability to modify the source code

11. No licensing fees

12. No vendor lock-in

14. Affero AGP

15. BSD

16. Apache License

17. Creative Commons This probably doesn't matter much to you unless you are a developer.

18. What doesn't it mean? NO COSTS Flickr:bstabler – Brad Stabler

19. Not All Wine and Roses Flickr:ragingferret

20. Rent Vs. Own Like renting a house, instead of owning, there are trade-offs. You don't have to pay to replace the roof, but then again, you might not be able to paint the walls or remodel the kitchen.

23. Support

24. Training

25. Community vs Company Free & Open Source software is maintained by communities of developers. Sometimes they are paid by a company to do so, in collaboration with others who are not. Sometimes many companies pay different people to maintain different aspects of the software.

27. LAN/Server/Intranet

28. Web Servers

29. Web Applications

30. Embedded software on Devices

31. Desktop: You're Already Using It

32. Desktop Software You Could Be Using GIMP KompoZer

35. Secure

36. Better performance on older hardware

39. Web Server Operating System

40. Web Applications

41. Community vs Company Thousands of developers Hundreds of companies Millions of Websites = Resilience

42. Web Services