84th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists, Humbolt University, Arcata, California.

1. The Effects of Bot Fly Parasitism on Aggression in White-footed Mice ( Peromyscus leucopus) Michael J. Cramer and Guy Cameron Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati

6. Peromyscus Bot Fly Life Cycle Females lay eggs in host habitat. Hosts pick up newly hatched larvae . Larvae migrate to inguinal region and develop warble. After 3 rd instar, larvae exit host and burrow underground to pupate. Flies emerge and mate at aggregation sites. 5 days 21 days P. Meyer C. N. Shiffer M. J. Cramer

11. Avoid contact with opponent Avoidance/Retreat Up on hind legs, front paws forward; may hit opponent Defense/Retaliation Turn on side, ears flat, eyes half-closed Submissive Posture Quick move towards opponent Lunge Paws on opponent’s back Climb-on Bites, hits, or kicks opponent Attack Groom opponent on face or back Aggressive Groom Description Behavior

14. PCA Loadings: Males Aggressive Submissive

15. PCA Loadings: Females Aggressive Submissive

16. Test of Aggression for Males Aggression higher for uninfected males. Aggressive Submissive

17. Test of Aggression for Females Aggression similar for uninfected and infected females. Aggressive Submissive