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Eden Pps6 5 Chain Selection Hugo Seymour

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Chain selection
Overview • Introduction • Potential chains (long list) • Estimated impacts in 2020 • Summary • Creation of short list
Introduction Distribution End-use H2 Prod. Feedstock Transport • Hydrogen chains: – Simplified description of various ways of producing, transporting and using hydrogen – A key input for all the modelling work • Potentially vast number of possibilities (18 technologies gives 1,028,160 potential arrangements) • Need to reduce to a more manageable size! • Reduce a long list (28) to a short list (max 10)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications 2.1.1 biomass gasification GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications 2.1.1 biomass gasification GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC) distribution 2.1.2 biomass gasification pipeline centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP 4.2.1 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP 4.2.1 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.2.2 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations CHP
Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.1 By-product (refinery) GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC)
Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.1 By-product (refinery) GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.2 By-product (refinery) distribution centre CHP
Estimated impacts in 2020 – CO2 CO2 equivalent emissions - transport IST 4.2.1 Coal central CCS pipeline IST 4.1.1 Coal central truck IST 3.3.1 LNG central SMR IST 3.2.1 NG central truck IST 3.1.1 NG onsite IST 2.1.1 Biomass central truck IST 6.1.1 By-product truck IST 5.2.2 Nuclear thermal conversion IST 5.2.1 Nuclear central electrolysis IST 5.1.1 Electricity mix onsite IST 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal pipeline IST 1.4.1 geothermal central truck IST 1.2.2 Solar PV central LH2 truck IST 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite IST 1.1.4 wind central truck IST 1.1.2 wind central IST 1.1.1 wind onsite 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 kg/vehicle km
Estimated impacts in 2020 – CO2 CO2 equivalent emissions - stationary IST 4.2.2 Coal central CCS pipeline CHP IST 3.2.2 NGH2 CHP IST 3.1.2 NG onsite CHP IST 2.1.2 Biomass central pipeline CHP IST 6.1.2 By-product CHP IST 1.2.3 Solar thermal CHP IST 1.1.3 wind central CHP 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 kg/kWh
Estimated impacts in 2020 – Costs Costs per chain IST 6.1.2 By-product CHP IST 6.1.1 By-product truck demand version IST 5.2.2 Nuclear thermal conversion demand version IST 5.1.1 Electricity mix onsite demand version IST 4.2.2 Coal central CCS pipeline CHP IST 4.1.1 Coal central truck demand version IST 3.3.1 LNG central SMR demand version IST 3.2.2 NGH2 CHP IST 3.2.1 NG central truck demand version IST 3.1.2 NG onsite CHP IST 2.1.2 Biomass central pipeline CHP IST 2.1.1 Biomass central truck demand version IST 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal pipeline demand version IST 1.4.1 geothermal central truck demand version IST 1.2.3 Solar thermal CHP Cost/year (M€) IST 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite demand version Investment cost (M€) IST 1.1.3 wind central CHP IST 1.1.2 wind central demand version IST 1.1.1 wind onsite demand version 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 M€
Summary • Highest emissions from fossil fuel-based chains, especially coal • Truck transport adds to the CO2 intensity • Highest costs: – Thermal conversion – CCS – Nuclear
Creation of short list • Target: 6 – 10 hydrogen chains • Representation is more important than realism!
Feedstocks • Definite yes: – Solar – Geothermal (islands) – Wind – Wave – Coal with ccs – NG – biomass • Definite no: – Coal without ccs • Maybe – nuclear
H2 production • Definite yes: – SMR onsite/central – Gasification – Electrolysis onsite/central – Thermal conversion • Other possibilities – Biological production (maybe)
Complementary technologies • CCS – yes • Liquefaction – Yes (depending on cost) • Other – Metal hydrides/chemical hydrides – Novel technologies
H2 transport • Definite yes: – Lh2 trucks – Gh2 trucks – Pipeline (dedicated) • Definite no:
H2 distribution • Definite yes: – LH2 fuelling stations for LH2 truck transport – GH2 fuelling station – Distribution centre
End use • Definite yes: – Transport – Stationary – Portable applications
Final chains – I Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 1 Solar Geothe rmal (islan ds) 2 Electro lysis (onsi Wind 3 te) Tra
Final chains – II Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 6 7 8 9 10

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  • 2. Overview • Introduction • Potential chains (long list) • Estimated impacts in 2020 • Summary • Creation of short list
  • 3. Introduction Distribution End-use H2 Prod. Feedstock Transport • Hydrogen chains: – Simplified description of various ways of producing, transporting and using hydrogen – A key input for all the modelling work • Potentially vast number of possibilities (18 technologies gives 1,028,160 potential arrangements) • Need to reduce to a more manageable size! • Reduce a long list (28) to a short list (max 10)
  • 4. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution
  • 5. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 6. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 7. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP
  • 8. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 9. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 10. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 11. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 12. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP
  • 13. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC
  • 14. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 15. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 16. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications
  • 17. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications 2.1.1 biomass gasification GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC)
  • 18. Potential chains: long list part 1 – renewables Feedstock H2 production CCS 1st H2 transport H2 End use conversion distribution 1.1.1 Wind power onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.2 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.1.3 Wind power central electrolysis dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.1.4 Wind power central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.1.5 Wind power central electrolysis Conversion Methanol trucks refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite electrolysis refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.2.2 Solar PV central electrolysis conversion LH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) distribution 1.2.3 Solar thermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline centre CHP 1.3.1 Wave central electrolysis storage Grid connected FC 1.4.1 Geothermal central electrolysis GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal conversion dedicated pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 1.5.1 Biological production metal hydride storage portable applications 2.1.1 biomass gasification GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC) distribution 2.1.2 biomass gasification pipeline centre CHP
  • 19. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 20. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP
  • 21. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 22. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP
  • 23. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 24. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 25. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP
  • 26. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP 4.2.1 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC)
  • 27. Potential chains: long list part 2 – fossil fuels Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 distribution End use production conversion transport 3.1.1 natural gas onsite reforming refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.1.2 natural gas onsite reforming distribution centre CHP 3.2.1 natural gas central reforming CCS GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 3.2.2 natural gas central reforming CCS H2-NG pipeline distribution centre CHP 3.3.1 LNG central reforming CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.1 coal gasification GH2 truck refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.1.2 coal gasification GH2 truck Distribution centre CHP 4.2.1 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations transport (FC) 4.2.2 coal gasification CCS pipeline refuelling stations CHP
  • 28. Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC)
  • 29. Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC)
  • 30. Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC)
  • 31. Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.1 By-product (refinery) GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC)
  • 32. Potential chains: long list part 3 – electricity and by-product Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 5.1.1 Grid electricity onsite electrolysis refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.2 Nuclear central electrolysis pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 5.1.3 Nuclear thermal conversion pipeline refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.1 By-product (refinery) GH2 truck refuelling station transport (FC) 6.1.2 By-product (refinery) distribution centre CHP
  • 33. Estimated impacts in 2020 – CO2 CO2 equivalent emissions - transport IST 4.2.1 Coal central CCS pipeline IST 4.1.1 Coal central truck IST 3.3.1 LNG central SMR IST 3.2.1 NG central truck IST 3.1.1 NG onsite IST 2.1.1 Biomass central truck IST 6.1.1 By-product truck IST 5.2.2 Nuclear thermal conversion IST 5.2.1 Nuclear central electrolysis IST 5.1.1 Electricity mix onsite IST 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal pipeline IST 1.4.1 geothermal central truck IST 1.2.2 Solar PV central LH2 truck IST 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite IST 1.1.4 wind central truck IST 1.1.2 wind central IST 1.1.1 wind onsite 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 kg/vehicle km
  • 34. Estimated impacts in 2020 – CO2 CO2 equivalent emissions - stationary IST 4.2.2 Coal central CCS pipeline CHP IST 3.2.2 NGH2 CHP IST 3.1.2 NG onsite CHP IST 2.1.2 Biomass central pipeline CHP IST 6.1.2 By-product CHP IST 1.2.3 Solar thermal CHP IST 1.1.3 wind central CHP 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 kg/kWh
  • 35. Estimated impacts in 2020 – Costs Costs per chain IST 6.1.2 By-product CHP IST 6.1.1 By-product truck demand version IST 5.2.2 Nuclear thermal conversion demand version IST 5.1.1 Electricity mix onsite demand version IST 4.2.2 Coal central CCS pipeline CHP IST 4.1.1 Coal central truck demand version IST 3.3.1 LNG central SMR demand version IST 3.2.2 NGH2 CHP IST 3.2.1 NG central truck demand version IST 3.1.2 NG onsite CHP IST 2.1.2 Biomass central pipeline CHP IST 2.1.1 Biomass central truck demand version IST 1.4.2 Geothermal thermal pipeline demand version IST 1.4.1 geothermal central truck demand version IST 1.2.3 Solar thermal CHP Cost/year (M€) IST 1.2.1 Solar PV onsite demand version Investment cost (M€) IST 1.1.3 wind central CHP IST 1.1.2 wind central demand version IST 1.1.1 wind onsite demand version 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 M€
  • 36. Summary • Highest emissions from fossil fuel-based chains, especially coal • Truck transport adds to the CO2 intensity • Highest costs: – Thermal conversion – CCS – Nuclear
  • 37. Creation of short list • Target: 6 – 10 hydrogen chains • Representation is more important than realism!
  • 38. Feedstocks • Definite yes: – Solar – Geothermal (islands) – Wind – Wave – Coal with ccs – NG – biomass • Definite no: – Coal without ccs • Maybe – nuclear
  • 39. H2 production • Definite yes: – SMR onsite/central – Gasification – Electrolysis onsite/central – Thermal conversion • Other possibilities – Biological production (maybe)
  • 40. Complementary technologies • CCS – yes • Liquefaction – Yes (depending on cost) • Other – Metal hydrides/chemical hydrides – Novel technologies
  • 41. H2 transport • Definite yes: – Lh2 trucks – Gh2 trucks – Pipeline (dedicated) • Definite no:
  • 42. H2 distribution • Definite yes: – LH2 fuelling stations for LH2 truck transport – GH2 fuelling station – Distribution centre
  • 43. End use • Definite yes: – Transport – Stationary – Portable applications
  • 44. Final chains – I Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 1 Solar Geothe rmal (islan ds) 2 Electro lysis (onsi Wind 3 te) Tra
  • 45. Final chains – II Feedstock H2 CCS 1st H2 H2 End use production conversion transport distribution 6 7 8 9 10