1. TODAY'S LEARNERS: APPLYING GAMING ELEMENTS TO CREATE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT Breanna Hamm 6/13/2011

2. Context of Problem Today’s learners grew up in digital world Not as engaged in classroom as by other outlets Use gaming in the classroom to promote engagement

3. Problem Statement The problem of the study was to identify and analyze gaming characteristics to determine how certain game characteristics could be effectively incorporated into a introductory digital photography course curriculum to create more motivation in class critiques and discussion.

4. Objectives 1.) Identify elements of games that are most engaging and motivational to students. 2.) Create a model using gaming elements that could be effectively applied to an introductory photography course.

5. Significance of Study Video games prominent in everyday lives Game based solutions to education problem Some schools already adapting ideas VCT2820 Introductory Photography class experiencing difficulty with class engagement

6. Literature Review Current Learners and Education Digital Game Based Learning Social Games User-Generated Content Alternate Reality Games Elements of Games Gaming in Education Learning Tools Summary

7. Current Learners and Education New technology – major push in education Traditional methods may not be as effective Students engaged more outside of the classroom Focus on learner’s needs

8. Digital Game Based Learning One solution for student engagement Games are exploratory Immersive, challenging, engaging Not afraid to fail However, bias against games

9. Social Games Farmville – 55mil Casual Game – Facebook Play with real life friends Gifts, items, missions World of Warcraft – 11.6mil MMORPG – played on PC Play with other members of WoW community Guilds, quests, items

10. User-Generated Content Farmville Blogs Farmville Freak Farmville Cost Sheet WoW Wiki Fan art, information, fan fiction

11. Alternate Reality Gaming Games that exist outside of virtual worlds IloveBees Promote the game Halo 2 Chore Wars Competitive game for friends, family, co-workers

12. Elements of Games Tom Chatfield 1. Experience bars measuring progress 2. Multiple long and short term goals 3. Reward for Effort 4. Rapid, frequent, clear feedback 5. Element of uncertainty 6. Windows of enhanced attention 7. Other People

13. Gaming in Education Disconnect in technology and education Schools applying game principles Indiana University - Portal Cape Fear & Sufferon Middle Schools – WoW Quest to Learn

14. Learning Tools Potential collaborative environments for classroom use Facebook Notifications, groups, events Edmodo Private, gradebook, assignments

15. Summary Learners not engaged in classroom Digital game based learning as a solution Games widely popular – Farmville, WoW User-Generated content – wikis, blogs Game layer outside of real world – ARG Gaming already being implemented in education Potential learning tools

16. Methodology Purpose Research Design Data Collection Expert Panel

17. Purpose The problem of the study was to identify and analyze gaming characteristics to determine how certain game characteristics could be effectively incorporated into a introductory digital photography course curriculum to create more motivation in class critiques and discussion. The objectives of this study were to 1.) Identify elements of games that are most engaging and motivational to students. 2.) Create a model using gaming elements that could be effectively applied to an introductory photography course.

18. Research Design Chatfield Framework 1. Experience bars measuring progress 2. Multiple long and short term goals 3. Reward for Effort 4. Rapid, frequent, clear feedback 5. Element of uncertainty 6. Other People Six game elements applied to VCT2820 Photography course

19. Data Collection Alpha and Beta Review Models developed with reviews and recommendations from expert panel members Changes made to models based upon recommendations

20. Expert Panel Reviewed alpha and beta models Provided recommendations Expert Panel members Education psychology, online and blended learning, game theory, digital photography

21. Findings Alpha Review Beta Review

22. Alpha Review Panel Recommendations Pros Facebook notifications Use of experience bars Cons Issues with Facebook – FERPA, privacy settings Experience points used for grade Additional work for instructor Recommendations Use of additional tools – Twitter, FlickR, Foursquare Create new assignments – long and short term goals Create photo community – alumni, professionals, and class

23. Beta Review Pros New bonus assignments BGSU Blogs as alternative Alternate final assignments Cons Workload of instructor still high Class teams - unfair Suggestions Students earn experience individually as well – perks Evaluation Facebook privacy policies

24. Summary Model developed based on review of literature Recommendations made by expert panel members

25. Objectives Objective 1.) Identify elements of games that are most engaging and motivational to students. Chatfield’s 6 gaming elements Found in popular games such as WoW and Farmville 2.) Create a model using gaming elements that could be effectively applied to an introductory photography course. Each of Chatfield’s elements applied to a model Reviewed and revised by expert panel Final Model

26. Conclusion Gaming in education becoming more popular Many tools available to use in classroom Still difficult to implement

27. Recommendations 1. Application and evaluation of the proposed model used in the VCT2820 - Introductory to Digital Photography course. 2. Use alternative tools in place of Facebook, BGSU Blogs, and Excel in this model as new technical tools become available. 3. Creation of an online course environmentthat would be replacement of Facebook 4. Incorporation of alternate reality game characteristics into the course model to develop further interactive characteristics.