Lecture in the educational technology course for Erasmus exchange students. Tallinn University, 8 November 2012.

1. Digital Learning Resources
Hans Põldoja

2. cba
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http://www.slideshare.net/hanspoldoja

3. What makes a good digital
learning resource?

4. Generations of digital
learning content

5. Educational CD-ROMs

6. Educational CD-ROMs
• Content integrated with the environment
• Difficult to update and reuse
• Requires specific operating system

7. Learning objects

8. Learning objects
Text
Image Learning object
Table
Learning object Course
Sound
Movie Learning object
Question

10. Repositories and
metadata

11. http://www.merlot.org

12. http://www.thegateway.org

13. http://www.scientix.eu

14. Metadata

15. http://www.curriki.org

18. (Hermann, 2002)

19. Types of repositories
• Repository — metadata + resources
• Referatory — metadata + links to resources

20. Learning resource authoring tools

21. http://lemill.net

22. http://exelearning.org

23. http://www.myudutu.com

24. http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/xerte/toolkits.htm

25. http://challenge.zoho.com

26. http://www.apple.com/ibooks-author/

27. http://wordpress.com

28. Learning resources and
copyright

29. What is protected by
copyright?
• Literary works
• Musical works, including any accompanying words
• Dramatic works, including any accompanying music
• Pantomimes and choreographic works
• Pictorial, graphic and sculptural works
• Motion pictures and other audiovisual works
• Sound recordings
• Architectural works
• Computer software

30. What is not under copyright?
• Works that have not been fixed in a tangible form
of expression (not written or recorded)
• Facts
• Ideas, principles and concepts
• Works for which copyright has expired

31. Duration of copyright
• Copyright protection starts from the time the
work is created in a fixed form
• Copyright protection lasts authors’ lifetime and 70
years after death

32. Economic rights
• Reproduction
• Distribution
• Rental
• Broadcasting
• Public performance
• ...

33. Moral rights
• Attribution
• Anonymous or pseudonymous
publishing
• Integrity of the work
• Withdrawal
• ...

34. Limitations
EU Copyright Directive lists a number of limitations that
can be applied by the member states, including:
• Reproductions by public libraries, educational
institutions or archives for non-commercial use;
• Use for illustration for teaching or scientific research,
to the extent justified by the non-commercial
purpose;
• Communication of works to the public within the
premises of public libraries, educational institutions,
museums or archives
(Directive 2001/29/EC)

35. Problems in the context of
digital learning resources
• What extent of educational reuse is justified by
the non-commercial purpose?
• Translation and modification of the work requires
agreement from the author

36. Open content licences

37. http://creativecommons.org

41. Creative Commons licenses
• Attribution (CC BY)
• Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA)
• Attribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND)
• Attribution-Noncommercial (CC BY-NC)
• Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike (CC BY-NC-SA)
• Attribution-Noncommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND)

42. License conditions
Attribution — You must attribute the work in the
b manner specified by the author or licensor
Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon
a this work, you may distribute the resulting work
only under the same or similar license to this one
Noncommercial — You may not use this work for
n commercial purposes
No Derivative Works — You may not alter,
d transform, or build upon this work

43. Rights
Share — to copy, distribute and transmit
s the work
r Remix — to adapt the work

44. Three “Layers” of licenses
(Creative Commons, 2012)

47. How to recognize CC
licensed works?

48. Marking licenses
• If no license information is included
with the work, then users must
assume that all rights are reserved
• Title of the license, icon and link are
added to openly licensed content

49. Creative Commons icons

50. Open content

51. http://en.wikipedia.org

52. http://commons.wikimedia.org

53. http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons

55. What are OER’s?
Open Educational Resources (OER) are digital
materials that can be re-used for teaching, learning,
research and more, made available free through open
licenses, which allow uses of the materials that would
not be easily permitted under copyright alone.
(Wikipedia, 2012)

56. http://ocw.mit.edu

57. http://www.ocwconsortium.org

58. http://www.curriki.org

59. http://www.khanacademy.org

60. http://cnx.org

61. http://wikieducator.org

62. http://en.wikibooks.org

63. http://en.wikiversity.org

64. http://lemill.net

65. http://www.oercommons.org

66. http://lreforschools.eun.org

67. From open content to
open education

68. http://p2pu.org

69. http://www.openbadges.org

70. References
• Hermann, T. (2002). Overview of LOM Draft 6.4. http://www.sreb.org/
programs/EdTech/SCORE/SCORE_Users_Guide.pdf
• Directive 2001/29/EC, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?
uri=CELEX:32001L0029:EN:HTML
• Wikipedia (2012). Open educational resources. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Open_educational_resources

71. Photos
• Johan Larsson, http://www.flickr.com/photos/johanl/6966883093/
• http://www.flickr.com/photos/srgblog/728719997/
• Alan Chia, http://www.flickr.com/photos/seven13avenue/2080281038/
• Pietro Zanarini, http://www.flickr.com/photos/zipckr/3925513417/
• Glenn Fleishman, http://www.flickr.com/photos/glennf/4309829213/
• http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SmartBoard.JPG
• Laineys Repertoire, http://www.flickr.com/photos/76283671@N00/142605716/
• Hamed Saber, http://www.flickr.com/photos/hamed/389212454/
• http://www.flickr.com/photos/epsos/5394616925/

72. Thank You!
• hans.poldoja@tlu.ee
• http://www.slideshare.net/hanspoldoja