3. 3HOWs Agenda 09:00 Gathering, Coffee Break 09:30 HOW to deal with IPv6! 10:30 HOW to connect with MPLS technology! 11:15 Coffee Break 11:30 HOW to qualify a Data Center! 12:30 Dhuhr Prayer 13:00 3HOWs Awards 13:15 Group Photo 13:30 Lunch
36. Compressing Zeros . Some IPv6 addresses contain long sequences of zeros . A single contiguous sequence of 16-bit blocks set to 0 can be compressed to “::” (double-colon) Examples: -3ffe:0507:0000:0000:0000:06ff:fe05:00fa becomes 3ffe:507::6ff:fe05:fa -2001:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 becomes 2001::1 - FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 (a multicast address) becomes FF02::1 2031::130F::9c0:876A:130B (Wrong, bcoz two ::)
38. IPv6 Allocation -/23 to Each registry -/32 for ISP's -/48 in the general case, except for very large subscribers -/64 when it is known that one and only one subnet is needed by design -/128 when it is absolutely known that one and only one device is connecting.
43. Multicast: A multicast address identifies multiple interfaces. With the appropriate multicast routing topology, packets addressed to a multicast address are delivered to all interfaces that are identified by the address. A multicast address is used for communication from one source to many destinations, with delivery to multiple interfaces.
44. Any cast: An anycast address is used for communication from one source to one of multiple destinations, with delivery to a single interface
45.
46. How to connect to IPv6 (From IPv4) 1.Dual Stack: To allow IPv4 and IPv6 to co-exist on the same devices and networks. 2.Tunnelling: Encapsulating IPv6 packets within IPv4 packets. 3. Translation: To allow IPv6-only devices to communicate with IPv4 only devices.
47. Dual Stack . This technique is easy to use and flexible . Hosts can communicate with IPv4 hosts using IPv4 or communicate with IPv6 hosts using IPv6. . When everything has been upgraded to IPv6, the IPv4 stack can simply be disabled or removed. . Dual stack is also the basis for other transition mechanisms. - Tunnels need dual-stacked endpoints, and translators need dual-stacked gateways.
48. Tunneling Advantages Disadvantages .No specific upgrade order. - Additional load is put on the router.. . Upgrade single hosts or single subnets . - Need time and CPU power for encap&decap Packets . No need to upgrade your backbone first. - Single points of failure - Troubleshooting gets more complex like hop count or MTU size issues or fragmentation problems. - Tunnels also offer points for security attacks. .
49. Translation Advantages Disadvantages . temporary solution - No advanced features Supported . IPv6 hosts to communicate directly - limitations on the design topology with IPv4 hosts and vice versa. - Single point of failure
50.
51. Task Force Goal: To make Sahara Net ready for IPv6 within 1 year and to educate customers on the need to go IPv6.
86. MPLS is a highly scalable, protocol agnostic, data-carrying mechanism.
87. In an MPLS network, data packets are assigned labels. Packet-forwarding decisions are made solely on the contents of this label, without the need to examine the packet itself. This allows one to create end-to-end circuits across any type of transport medium, using any protocol
88. An IP router makes the forwarding decision by examining the destination IP address on the packet and performing a lookup in a Routing Table that tells the router which outbound port(s) to use.
89.
90. MPLS Concepts Customer sites run ordinary IP Label Switch Routers (LSRs): ATM Switches or Routers MPLS in the Network Core Edge Label SwitchRouters (LSRs)
103. Troubleshootingcommands From the PE router Ping : ping vrfmpls-test 192.168.1.1 Traceroute : traceroutevrfmpls-test 192.168.1.1 Telnet : telnet 212.76.80.181 /vrfmpls-test IP route verification : show ip route vrfmpls-test Connected interfaces : show ipvrfmpls-test From the CE router Ping : ping 192.168.1.1 Traceroute : tracert 192.168.1.1 Telnet : telnet 212.76.80.181
