This document appears to be a report or study containing several sections and subsections: - Section 1 discusses topics related to education and development including schools, teaching methods, and student outcomes. - Section 2 focuses on community development initiatives and their impact in areas such as local governance, economic opportunities, and public services. - The document evaluates progress made and outlines further steps needed across multiple areas over several years, citing data and examples.

2. 1‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻙ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺤﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ‬‫ﺩ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺆﺍﺩ‬‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬‫رﻗﻢ‬621424‫ﻫـ‬)2003‫ﻡ‬(

3. 2

4. 3‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻙ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻬﺩ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺩﺭﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺤﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ‬1424‫ﻫـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ‬‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺆﺍﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬/‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﺆﺍﺩ‬-، ‫ﺟﺪﺓ‬1424‫ﻫـ‬402، ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬17‫ﺳﻢ‬×24‫ﺳﻢ‬‫ﺭﺩﻣﻚ‬:1-140-32-99601-‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬-‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬‫ﺃ‬-‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺩﻳﻮﻱ‬121،3203671/1424‫ﺍﻹﻳﺪﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬:3671/1424‫ﺭﺩﻣﻚ‬:1-140-32-9960‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬـﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬.‫ﻣﺴﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ‬‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺡ‬.‫ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ‬:1424‫ﻫـ‬)2003‫ﻡ‬(‫ﺡ‬

5. 4‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻢ‬

6. 5

7. 6‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬.................................................................................................9 :   ..................................111-1‫ﺍﻻﻗ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺩ‬..........................................111-2‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬.....151-3‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬......................................................................................23‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﲏ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﳏﺪﺩﺍﺕ‬.........................................................271-4‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬.....................301-5‫ﺍﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺱ‬............321-6‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬.........................................................................................39:       412-1‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬............................................................................412-2‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬........................................................................452-3‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬................................................472-4‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬.................................................542-5‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬....................................................................562-6‫ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬...............................................592-7‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬............................................................................................60 :     ...........................633-1‫ﺍﻹﺳـ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺣـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬‫ﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬............................................................................................643-2‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬........................................................................................66

8. 73-3‫ﻭﻣﺪﺍﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬..................................................713-4‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬........813-5‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﻭﺭ‬.................923-6‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻ‬‫ـﺔ‬...........................................................................................93 :    ...............................95 :   ...........................................1195-1‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬......................................................1195-2‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺷﻴﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻯ‬........................................................................................1245-3‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬..................................................1295-4‫ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻭﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬‫ﺍﳋﲑﻱ‬.................................................................................................1335-5‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬......................................................1415-6‫ﻭﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬...................................................................1445-7‫ﻭﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ‬‫ﺍﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺗﻘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬..........................................1515-8‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬...............................................................................................1575-9‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬...............................................................................................161 :   ..................................1656-1‫ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﳏﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬...................................................1656-2‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬..................................................1736-3‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬..................................................................1836-4‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬...........................................................................1996-5‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬...............................................................................................214 : ......................................................................217

9. 87-1‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻘﺎﺕ‬.....................................................................................2177-2‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎﺕ‬.....................................................................2207-3‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬..................................................................................................2287-4‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬...............................................................................................234:   ................................................2378-1‫ﺩﻭ‬‫ﻭﲪﺎﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭ‬................................................................................2388-2‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬.....................................................................2398-3‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﱘ‬...................................................2428-4‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﱘ‬................................................................2428-5‫ﻛﺎﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬..........................................................................2518-6‫ﺍﻻﻛﺘ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﱘ‬‫ﻨﺎﺯ‬......................................................................................2538-7‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ‬................................................................2568-8‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬..............................................................................................269 :    .............................2719-1‫ﻭﺍﳊﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬..............................................................2729-2‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐﺶ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻊ‬..............................................................2809-3‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﳚﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺚ‬..........................................2839-4‫ﺍﶈﺮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻊ‬..........................................................................2859-5‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﲑ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻥ‬...................................................2899-6‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬.....................................................2979-7‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬................................................................................3019-8‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬.............................................................................................304 :   ......................................................307

10. 910-1‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺐ‬.................................................................................30810-2‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬..................................................................................................31110-3‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ‬............................................................................31910-4‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬....................................................................32710-5‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬...............................................................................................334  :  ...............................................337‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬................................................................................................370  : ................................................................373‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ‬..................................................................................................389

11. 10‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺮﺽ‬، ‫ﺇﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﲝﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺖ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺴـﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼـﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺤﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﺴﻴﺪﺍ‬.‫ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻌﻬﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠـﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘـﻮﱘ‬ ، ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺁﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﲟﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺪﻑ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺄﰐ‬"‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬"‫ﻛﻤﺴ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳـﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﻴﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺎﳘﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﲜﺎﻧﺐ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻤﻮﻝ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻘﻊ‬‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ، ‫ﻓﺼﻼ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺛﲎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﱃ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺠﻬﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﰿ‬‫ـ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺴ‬ ‫ﻭﳏﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﻔﺎﻕ‬ ، ‫ﺎﺩ‬‫ﺪﺍﻡ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘـﺪﻫﻮﺭ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﻕ‬‫ﻭﺃﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺒﺎﺑﻪ‬.‫ﻭﺍﳋﱪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻫﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﳚﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺆﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬‫ﻋﻤﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲜﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻀﺢ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤ‬‫ﺩﻓـﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﳘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﱪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﻼﺹ‬ ‫ﻠﻴﻞ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﲑﺓ‬.

12. 11، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳚﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺄﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﳎﺘﻤﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬.‫ﺧﻼﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﲑ‬‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻬﺪ‬

13. 12     ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﳕﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﲡﺎﻫﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬.‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺑﺪﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻬﺪﻑ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻏﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬.‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻮﺿﺢ‬‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻭﺃﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻞ‬.‫ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﺧـﲑﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨـﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰒ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬.1-1    :‫ﺃﳘﻴ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭﻫﺎ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﳜﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﺯﺩﻫـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺳﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬.‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻐﺮﺍﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﲑ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻌﺾ‬‫ﻭﺍﺗﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﻳﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺜـﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻉ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬.‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻇﻢ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﻗﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﳕﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬.‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤـﺎ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﺶ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﲞﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﰐ‬ ‫ﻮﺽ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﲢﺴﲔ‬.‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﻗـﺪﳝﺎ‬ ‫ﻛـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ‬‫ﻛﻤﻨـﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﻡ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺰﺯ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠــﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬.

14. 13‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﺪﺭﺝ‬‫ﲝﺜﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺪﻻﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬.‫ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬:-‫ﻭﺍﻟـﺪﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﻄـﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳔﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻘﻮﻃﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﻤﺤﻼﻝ‬‫ﺑـﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬‫ﳝﻜ‬ ‫ﲝﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺀﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻷﲝﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺜﲑ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻞ‬‫ﺗـﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺃﺗﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬.‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﺮﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬، ‫ﳊـﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺒﻠـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬‫ﺮ‬.‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻜﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺎﺟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﲝﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﳓﻮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟــﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﺬﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻞ‬.‫ﺗﻄـﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬

15. 14‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺸﻄﺔ‬)1(‫ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻋﻢ‬ ‫ﲢﻆ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﻬﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑﻳﻦ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﲑﻳﺔ‬‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﻐﺮﺏ‬.، ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﲑﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺍﺳـﺘﺤﻮﺫﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﻋﻔﺎﺀﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺪﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.‫ﻛﻤ‬‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﲢﺰ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﻳـﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬(‫ﻣﻌﺎﳉـﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳـﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ‬‫ﲤﻮﻳـﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴـﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﳍﻴﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﲢـﺰ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺍﺋﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬‫ﺤﻔﺔ‬‫ﺍ‬.‫ﻧﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﳓﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬـﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﻛﺎﻧﻪ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺑﺎﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﳛﻆ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﲔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻏﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﺀ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺳـﻴﺘﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤـﺎ‬‫ﻻﺣﻘﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﺜـﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳕﺎﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺇﻧﺸـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ، ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺿﻊ‬‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬.‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬‫ﻗﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻞ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬.‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣـﻦ‬‫ﻭﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺄﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬.‫ﻓﻤـﻊ‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬(Trust)‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬(11(‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻗـﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻤﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻫﻢ‬.

16. 15‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﻘﺪ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺗﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛـــﺮ‬ ‫ﺑـــﺪﺍﻳﺘﻪ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑﺍ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲞﺼـﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﲑ‬‫ﻛــ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻃــﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺒﺲ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠـــﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﻟــﻪ‬ ‫ﻥ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﳕﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸـﺎﺀ‬( Ahmed, 1418H:29)‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺣـﱴ‬‫ﺃﺛﺒﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬، ‫ﻟﻠﺸﻚ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻉ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ‬‫ﺑﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬( Trust)‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗـﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤـﻮﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻥ‬(Gaudiosi,1988)‫ﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺃﻛﺴﻔﻮﺭﺩ‬‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻧـﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺴﻪ‬.‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﻮﻍ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﳎﺘﻤﻊ‬.‫ﺍﻷﻣ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺭﻗـﻲ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳـﺲ‬ ‫ﹸﻬﻤﺖ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬‫ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﻓﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬.‫ﻣﻌﺎﳌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺯﺓ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﱪﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﻣﻜ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻨــﺤﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘــﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‬‫ﻭﳏـﺪﺩ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻛـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤـﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺟﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬.‫ﻭﺇﺑـﺮﺍﺯ‬ ، ‫ﺃﺳﺴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﳏﻪ‬‫ﻭﻣﺆﻳﺪﻳـﻪ‬ ‫ﳏﺒﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺪﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻤﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻃﺊ‬.‫ﻭﻳﻨﺪﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺻـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺿـﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺝ‬‫ﻣﻨﺤﺮﻓـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘـﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮﺭﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﻠﺼﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﳝﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺟﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﺩﻳﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻻﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ‬.‫ﻛﻤ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺃﳘﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺆﻛـﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳉﻬـﺪ‬ ‫ﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﲢﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳ‬‫ـ‬، ‫ﺘﻪ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﺜﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻌﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﳕﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﳍﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻘﻴﺪﺗﻪ‬.‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﺇﳚﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬

17. 16‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﻄﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻌﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬.‫ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﲎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﺃﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺫﻫﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﻭﳕـﺎﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺿﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﳊﻜﻤﺔ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺪﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺗﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺍﻗﻌﻨﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺧﻠﻔﻬﺎ‬.1-2       :‫ﻗ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴـﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﺣـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﲝـﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.‫ﺟﻬـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬، ‫ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲝﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ، ‫ﳏﻤﻮﺩ‬‫ﺣﻮﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻳﺪ‬‫ﻋﺜﺮﺍﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﺳﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬.‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺒﻌﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲝﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺣـﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﳑـﺎ‬ ، ‫ﳏﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﺰﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬.‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹼﻦ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﳝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﲝﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﻤﻮﻝ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺍﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ‬.‫ﻃـﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﳓـﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬.‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻣﺸﻜﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺬﻝ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬ ،‫ﺃﳘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬:-1-‫ﺃ‬‫ﻟﻐـﲑ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﲏ‬ ‫ﺛﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﻻﺓ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿـﻲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﲢﻜــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿـﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧـﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺘﻤـﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﻄــﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬.‫ﺣـﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻋﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸــﺆﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻈﻴــﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬

18. 17)‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‬:69. (‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭﺿـﻌ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐـﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺖ‬‫ﺃﺳ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻏﻔـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬.، ‫ﻭﺗﻄـﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﱪﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭﻻﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺒـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﺑﺎﺏ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬‫ﻭﻣﺘﻐﲑﺍﺗـﻪ‬ ‫ﺼـﺮ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬.‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻋ‬ ، ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺛﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺄﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﻜﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﳊﻴـﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳌﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬.، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ِﺮ‬‫ﻄ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﳛﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺤﺪﺛﺘﻪ‬.‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺜـﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﳌﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻬﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻄﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻄﺮﺓ‬:‫ﻟﻠـﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻗﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻨﻴﻔﺎ‬‫ﻳﻌ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬‫ﻠﻤ‬‫ﻮﻥ‬)2(.‫ﻫﺬ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻩ‬-‫ﻓﻴﻤـﺎ‬‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺠﻪ‬-‫ﻭﺟـﻞ‬ ‫ﻋـﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻓﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺀﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺫﻛـﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺍﻋﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬:‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺗﻘﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮ‬‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬)3(.‫ﺭﻛــ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﱪﻛﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﳘﻠﻪ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﰐ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﲞﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻢ‬‫ﺃﺣﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺎﺭﺕ‬.)2(‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬:30.)3(‫ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬:96.

19. 18‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﻤـﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬‫ﻧﻌـﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬‫ﺗﺆﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﲣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻱ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺧﻼﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬.‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺳـﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨـﺔ‬ ‫ﻧـﻮﺍﻣﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻖ‬‫ﻭﺃﺿﻌﻔﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﺖ‬ ، ‫ﺧﻼﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‬.‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﱄ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ، ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻀﻤﲑ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﳍﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔـﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺿـﻌﻒ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺆﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻥ‬.‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺣﻴﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻭﻣﺘﻮ‬‫ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ، ‫ﺍﺯﻥ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻨـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺼﻴﺼ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﳌﺴﲑﺗﻨﺎ‬.‫ﺻـﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻨـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ، ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺔ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ، ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺷﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬.2-‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫،ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﳊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻌﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻏﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺇﻋ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋــﺞ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﲤﻬﻴﺪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺪﺍﺩ‬‫ﻟﻪ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﻛـﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺮﺍﻃﻴـﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺻﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟـــﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﻤﻨﺘﻬﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﺑﺼـﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺸــﺎﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻄﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬

20. 19‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﲰﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬(Schirazi,1993).‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺷﲑﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻴﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬ ، ‫ﺇﻳﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺗﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻤﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺇﻃـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﱪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺬﺍ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﱪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ، ‫ﳏﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻣﲏ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﲔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮﻱ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻒﺀ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬-‫ﺻﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺮﺽ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬-‫ﻣـﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺀﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﱪ‬ ‫ﺇﳕﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎ‬‫ﺷﺮﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺉ‬.‫ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬‫ﺇﻧﺴـﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻴﻤﻨﺔ‬‫ﺍﳋﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬.‫ﳎﺮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻠﻴﻪ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻜﺘﺴﺐ‬، ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻌﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺣــﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﺧﻄـﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﲡـﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺮﺍﺛﻬﻢ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬.3-‫ﺍﻷﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺇﺑـﺮﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿـﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬‫ﻗﺒـﻞ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬‫ﻏﲑﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬.‫ﻓﺎﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴـﻞ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳـﻴﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌـﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﱪﺯ‬ ، ‫ﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳـﻖ‬ ‫ﳍـﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﲑ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﳝﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳛﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﺷـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗـﺪ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﲔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟﻠﺸـ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﻱ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﺩﱏ‬ ‫ﺮﻕ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬(‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼـﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳـﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺰﺍﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﱂ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﻴﻨ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺎﺕ‬(Udovitch,1970:3)‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻷﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﲞﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻲ‬.‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬

21. 20‫ﻣﺜـ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺛﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﴰﺒﻴﺘـﺮ‬ ‫ﻞ‬(Schumpeter)‫ﻭﺟﺎﻟﱪﻳﺚ‬)10-12(‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﱂ‬‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻔﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻳﻘﺎﺕ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟـﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﱪﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬‫ﺗﻔﺤﺼﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺼﻒ‬‫ﺗﺘﻨـﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻼﺳﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬‫ﺃﻟﻔﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎﺋﱵ‬‫ﺍﳊﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬)‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‬:67. (‫ﺗﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﱂ‬‫ﺗﻨـﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﲡﺎﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻇﻢ‬ ‫ﳏﺴﻦ‬"‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬"‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ،‫ﺃﻭﺳﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻼﺳﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺑﺪﺀ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟـﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﻘﺮﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬.‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻊ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬‫ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﲟﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻂ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﱐ‬‫ﻣﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﳚﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻬﻢ‬.‫ﻧﻈـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳒﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻒ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻠﻤﲔ‬‫ﺃﳘﻴﺘـﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬‫ﺃﺳﺴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺄﺧﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤـﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺴـﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ، ‫ﲰﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺁﺩﻡ‬‫ﺳﻴ‬‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺆﺩﻳﺎﻥ‬.‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺒـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬، ‫ﺍﳉـﺎﻧﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﲪﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬

22. 21‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﲢـﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﳘﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ‬‫ﲢﺪﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻤﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺮ‬)‫ﺍﻟﺪﻣﺸﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬:50-74. (‫ﻳﻈﻬـﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬‫ﻏﻨـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺾ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺾ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻏﻨﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻬﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬.4-‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﳑﺎ‬‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜـﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄـﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬‫ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺒـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣــﺢ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻮﻋﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻏﻴــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺎﲡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﺮﺍﺯ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺙ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻌﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﳍﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬.‫ﻛﲑﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬( Kuran, :144-146)‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛـﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬‫ﻫﻴﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘـﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺐﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ، ‫ﺯﺭﺍﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺰﺍﻳـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺼـﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬.‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﳛﻘـﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺮﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬‫ﺑﺘﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‬‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‬‫ﳑـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗـﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲣﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬‫ﲟﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺐﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‬‫ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬5‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‬)4(.‫ﺍﻟـﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ، ‫ﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬–‫ﺑـﺮﺍﻫﲔ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺿﺢ‬ ، ‫ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺋﻦ‬‫ﻭﻋﺪﺍﻟﺘﻪ‬.‫ﻭﺑﻼ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬)4(‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺎﻁ‬‫ﺍﻟﺰﻛ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﲑﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻗﺤﻒ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ، ‫ﺎﺓ‬)1417‫ﻫـ‬. (

23. 22‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻧﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﻚ‬‫ﻭﺻـﻼﺣﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﲝﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬.5-‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗـﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻢ‬‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﳕﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺆﺳﺲ‬، ‫ﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﳚﻴﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺘـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺻـﺎﻏﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳـﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﻭﺭﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻴﺐ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻭﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﳏﺘﻮﻯ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬‫ﻋ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟـﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸـﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈـﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻴﺸﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸـﻜﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﺮﻭﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬.‫ﺷﲑﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬( Schirazi, 1993:64)‫ﺃ‬‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺇﻳـﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﳚﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺜﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﺮﺍﱐ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﺨﺼﺼﲔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬.‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴـﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴـﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬‫ﳉـﺎﺩ‬‫ﳏـﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌـﺎﻳﲑ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻟﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﳒﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬.6-‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﳕﻮ‬‫ﲟـﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻀﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺗﻌـﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﻜﻴﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻛﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺯﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬‫ﻭﺗﺴﺪﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬.‫ﺑﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺴﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜـﺮ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺃﺳﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﲟﻜﺎﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻬﻢ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻀﻼﺕ‬‫ﺗﻮﺍﺟﻬﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬.‫ﻳﻄﻮﺭﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ‬‫ﲝـﺚ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻭﻟﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺮﺣﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻨﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ‬.‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﺍ‬‫ﺁ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺀ‬‫ﺃﻣـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬

24. 23‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴـ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺨﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﲑﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺔ‬( Schirazi, 1993)‫ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻳـﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﳛﺎﻟﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺭﺍﺀ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺜﺮﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﳍﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤـﺪﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧـﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺯﺓ‬‫ﻳﻜـﺮﺱ‬ ‫ﲝﻴـﺚ‬ ، ‫ﳍـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻠﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻤﺄﻧﻴﻨﺔ‬‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻀﻼﺕ‬‫ﺍﳌﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬.7-‫ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺗﻄـﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻜﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻳﻄﺮﺣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬‫ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺘﻘﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﲟﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻃﺮﺣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬)‫ﺷﻠﻖ‬:15(‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌـﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑـﺎ‬ ‫ﺑـﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳍـﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺃﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﱴ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﺗﺰﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸـﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬‫؟‬ ‫ﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬.‫ﺇﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﺃﻳﻪ‬‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺍﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﻭﻟﻜﻨـﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨـﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺴﻌﺖ‬‫ﺍﳌ‬‫ﻴﻼﺩﻱ‬.، ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﺭﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄـﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﺎﺝ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳـﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﻞ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻬﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﲤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻫـﻲ‬‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﳘﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﱀ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬( Udovtich, 1974:18).‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬‫ﺗﺎﺭ‬‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺜـﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕ‬.8-‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮﻩ‬)‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻲ‬:1(‫ﺍﳌـﺆﺭﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺼﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬

25. 24‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‬‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻗﻠـﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ﺃﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ‬.‫ﺍﻟـﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼـﺮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺍﻧﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺛﺖ‬.‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﻟﻠﻈـﻮﺍﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻔـﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﺻﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬‫ﻫﻰ‬‫ﻭﻫﺪﻓـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﻮﺭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻧﺎﻗﺸﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳒﺪ‬ ، ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻼﺣﻆ‬‫ﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻳﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌـﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻫـﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻼﺹ‬‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ‬( Siddiqi:1)‫ﺍﳊﻜﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺜﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬.، ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﻟﻠﺸ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻉ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﲟﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ، ‫ﳎﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬.‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺃﻏﻮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﱪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞ‬‫ﺧـﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ، ‫ﳛﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳝﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ، ‫ﻭﺗﻄﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺬﺍ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﳏﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﲝﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬.1-3 :، ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮﺝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻜﲑﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺣﺚ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻧﻪ‬، ‫ﻻﺣﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻮﻋﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ـﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣـﻞ‬ ، ‫ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬‫ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺼـﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﲞﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻴﺲ‬‫ﺟﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ، ‫ﻗﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﳜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﲡﻤﻴﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺛﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺗﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﻨﻬﺎ‬.‫ﺍﳊـﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟـﱵ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺰﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺟﺬﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﲑ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻌﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬.‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺤﺎﻭﻝ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻧﺜﺒﺖ‬‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼـﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ‬،‫ﺳـﻨﺤﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻌﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬