17. atom the smallest unit of an element that
maintains the properties of that element
18. Element
A substance that cannot be separated by ordinary chemical
or physical means. Elements are composed of only one
kind of atom.
Examples: Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O2).
19. Compound
A substance that contains two or more elements, in definite
proportion. Water is 11.2% Hydrogen and 88.8% Oxygen
Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose,
C12H22O11), and water (H2O).
20. Pure Substance
A substance with constant composition. Can be
classified an either an element or as a compound.
Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose,
C12H22O11), water (H2O), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O2).
21. Matter and Its Properties
extensive property a property that depends
on the amount of matter that is present
Volume, Mass, Amount of Energy it Contains
22. intensive property a property that does not
depend on the amount of matter present
•Color
•Odor
•Luster
•Malleability
•Ductility
•Conductivity
•Hardness
•Melting/Freezing Point
•Boiling Point
•Density
23. Matter and Its Properties
physical property a characteristic that can be
observed or measured without changing the identity of
the substance
melting point electrical conductivity color density
boiling point thermal conductivity odor hardness
24. Matter and Its Properties
physical change a change in a substance that does
not involve a change in the identity of the substance
Ex. Melting, tearing, boiling, freezing
When you step on a can and crush it, you have forced a
physical change. The shape of the object has changed. It
wasn't a change in the state of matter, but something
changed. When you melt an ice cube you have also forced a
physical change (adding energy).
25. Matter and Its Properties
change of state a physical change of a
substance from one state to another
26. Matter and Its Properties
solid the state of matter in which the substance
has definite volume and definite shape
27. Matter and Its Properties
liquid the state of matter in which the substance
has a definite volume but an indefinite shape
28. Matter and Its Properties
gas the state of matter in which a substance has
neither definite volume nor definite shape
29.
30. Matter and Its Properties
plasma a high-temperature physical state of
matter in which atoms lose their electrons
31. chemical property the ability of a substance
to undergo a change that transforms it into a
different substance
32.
33. chemical change a change in which one or more
substances are converted into different
substances (a chemical reaction)
Reactants: substance that react
Products: substance that
are produced
Sodium Na: Metal, Explodes in Water
Chlorine Cl: Green, Poisonous Gas
Sodium Chloride NaCl: Table Salt
36. Mixture
Two or more substances, combined, each retaining its own
properties. Can be separated without the making or breaking
of chemical bonds.
Examples: Air, salt dissolved in water, milk, wood, and
concrete.
37. Homogeneous Mixture
Mixture in which the properties and composition are
uniform throughout the sample. Such mixtures are termed
solutions.
Examples: Air and table salt thoroughly dissolved in water.
38. Heterogeneous Mixture
Mixture in which the properties and composition
are not uniform throughout the sample.
Examples: Milk, wood, and concrete.
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61. Strategies for Success
The Will to Succeed is Important But What is More
Important in the Will to Prepare…Bobby Knight
Expected to be Called on During the Class Period
Read the Assigned Pages
Take Organized Notes
Copy Notes Onto 3x5 Cards
Use the Computer Based Tools (Homework, Practice Quizzes,
Reading Assignments)
Communicate With Your Teacher
Ask Questions During Class
(Your Teacher Appreciates the Opportunity to Explain Concepts in
More Detail)
Master All Calculations or Ask Questions
Get Extra Help Before School, After School, or During a Free Period
