1. Chapter 2 Matter and Change
Unit Notes
START IT UP PUP

2. Section 2.1 Properties of
Matter
What is matter?

3. Which of these is matter?
air
water
smoke
light
heat
cold
darkness
jello
sound
human
cloud
diamond

4. What is matter?
 Matter is anything that has mass and
takes up space.
 Matter can be classified by extensive or
intensive properties.

5. What Is Matter?
 Extensive depends on the amount of
matter in the sample.
 Intensive does not depend on the
amount but the type of matter in the
sample.

6. Intensive
 Color
 Odor
 Luster - How shiny a substance is.
 Malleability - The ability of a substance to
be beaten into thin sheets.
 Ductility - The ability of a substance to be
drawn into thin wires.

7. Intensive
 Conductivity - The ability of a substance to allow
the flow of energy or electricity.
 Hardness - How easily a substance can be
scratched.
 Melting/Freezing Point - The temperature at
which the solid and liquid phases of a substance
are in equilibrium at atmospheric pressure.
 Boiling Point - The temperature at which the
vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure
on the liquid (generally atmospheric pressure).
 Density

8. Extensive
Mass - A measurement of the
amount of matter in a object (grams).
Weight - A measurement of the
gravitational force of attraction of the
earth acting on an object.
Volume - A measurement of the
amount of space a substance
occupies.
Length

9. What is a substance?
 Matter that has a uniform and definite
composition is called a substance.
 Examples are: gold, copper, iron, water,
sodium chloride (salt), oxygen (see table
2.1)
 Physical properties can be used to identify
unknown substances.

10. States of Matter
 The three main states of matter are: solid,
liquid and gas.

11. Solids
 Solids have a definite shape and volume.
 The shape of the solid doesn’t depend on
the shape of the container.
 Solids are incompressible.
 Expand slightly when heated.
 Particle vibrate in place.

12. Liquids
 Indefinite shape
 Definite volume
 Not easily compressed
 Expand slightly when heated.
 Particles can flow.

13. Gases
 Indefinite shape.
 Indefinite volume.
 Easily compressed.
 Particles are free to roam everywhere.

14. Vocabulary Cards
 Matter
 Extensive (give examples)
 Intensive (give examples)
 Substance

15. Mixtures 2.2
 Mixtures are classified into two groups.
 Mixtures are physical blends of two or
more components.
 Heterogeneous mixtures are not
uniform. Their components are not
evenly distributed.

16. Mixtures
 Homogeneous mixtures are uniform
and their components are evenly
distributed.
 Phases describe any part of a mixture
that has uniform composition and
properties.

17. What kind of mixture is it?
heterogeneous
Homogeneous
heterogeneousHomogeneous
Homogeneous

18. Elements and compounds 2.3
 Compounds can be broken down into
simpler substances by chemical means.
 Elements cannot.
 If the composition of a material is fixed,
the material is a substance.

19. Elements and Compounds
 If the composition of a material can
vary, it is a mixture.
 Chemical symbols are used to
represent elements on the periodic
table.

20. Chemical Reactions 2.4
 During a chemical change, the composition
of matter always changes.
 A substance present at the start of the
reaction is called the reactant.
 The substance present at the end of the
reaction is called the product.

21. Chemical Reactions
 Clues that a chemical change has occurred
are: energy transfer (hot or cold feeling),
change in color, gas production, formation of
a precipitate (solid stuff)
 During any chemical reaction, the mass of
the reactants and the products must equal
each other.
 Its called the Law of Conservation of Mass.

22. How can you recognize a physical
versus and chemical change?
Breaking glass
Frying an egg
Shaking pop
Ice pack
Burning a match
Freezing
water
Hand warmers
Cooking
macaroni
Rusting car
Boiling water
Chopping
veggies
Baking a cake

23. Vocabulary Cards
 Mixture
 Heterogeneous
 Homogeneous
 Compound
 Element
 Reactant
 product

24. LET’S REVIEW SO WE DON’T
HIT A WALL WHEN WE TAKE
THE TEST

25. Substance
 Matter that has the same composition
and properties throughout is called a
substance.

26. Compound
 A compound is a substance whose smallest
unit is made up of atoms of more than one
element chemically bonded together.

27. Mixture
 When two or more substances (element
and compounds) come together but
don’t combine to create a new
substance, a mixture results.

28. Homogeneous Mixture
 These mixtures are the same throughout.
You can’t see the different parts.

29. Heterogeneous Mixture
 These mixtures are not the same throughout
and you can see the individual parts.

30. Which one is it?
compound
compound mixture
mixture
mixture
compound

31. A chemical reaction must
make something totally
different that has different
properties from when it
started.
You start
with the
reactants
And you end
with the
products

32. When you make a
sandwich, what do you
do?

33. When you make a
sandwich, what do you
do?
Reactants
Products

35. SCIENCE SWAG
EXTRA CREDIT:
Create a video, poem
story, song or rap
about the states of
matter.
Poem or story must be
one page.
Video, song or rap
must be 1 1/2 minutes.
Make sure the
projects include good
facts about the states
of matter.
Due in one week.

36. READY FOR THE
TEST!?