04 bridg switching

UNIDAD 4 : Bridging - Switching Prof. Arsenio Pérez ( aperez@delfos.ucla.edu.ve) Prof. Euvis Piña ( epina@delfos.ucla.edu.ve) Prof. Pedro Rodriguez prodrig@delfos.ucla.edu.ve) Prof. Alirio Pérez (ingalirioperez@yahoo.com) Prof. William Polanco (wpolanco@delfos.ucla.edu.ve) Presentación Diplomado 2002

Agenda ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LAN tradicionales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hubs solventan algunos de estos problemas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ethernet 10 Un solo dispositivo envia a la vez Hub Todos los nodos de comparten 10 Mbps

Colisiones: Signos de Probl. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CRASH Hub

Otros consumidores de BW Unicast Broadcast Multicast

Broadcasts Consume Bandwidth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Apple TCP/IP

Broadcasts Consume Rendimiento de Procesador ,[object Object],Broadcasts/Second CPU % 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 S P A R C 2 S P A R C 5 P e n t i u m 1 2 0 M H z

LANs basdas en Hub ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],10BaseT Hub 10BaseT Hub

Bridges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bridge Segment 1 Segment 2 123 124 125 126 127 128 Corporate Intranet Hub Hub

Switches—Nivel 2 Switch Ethernet Cada Nodo tiene 10 Mbps Backbone Ethernet Switcheada 10 Múltiples dispositivos enviando al mismo tiempo

Switches versus Hubs Ethernet Un dispositivo enviando a la vez Hub Todos los nodos comparten 10 Mbps Ethernet Switch Cada nodo tiene 10 Mbps Backbone Múltiples dispositivos enviando a la vez 10 Switched Ethernet 10

La Necesidad de Velocidad: Signos venideros ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Mbps SLOW SLOW

Causas Típicas de Congestión en la Red ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],File Transfer Client/Server Image Processing Backup/Mng Transaction Processing E-Mail Desktop Video Traditional Data Requirements Drive LAN Bandwidth Bandwidth Requirements

Impacto del Tráfico en la red para la centralización de Servidores ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Servers in Wiring Closets Randomly Distributed Servers Centralized Servers in Data Center Mainframe Data Center

LANs Actuales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],10/100 Switch 10-Mbps Hub 10/100 Switch

Bases del LAN Switching ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Operación del LAN Switch ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3 Data from A to B A C B 2 4 1 10 Mbps 10 Mbps Interface Stations 1 2 3 4

Operación del LAN Switch 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A C B 2 4 1 10 Mbps 10 Mbps Interface Stations 1 2 3 4 A X

Operación del LAN Switch 3 Data from A to B Data from A to B Data from A to B ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A C B 2 4 1 10 Mbps 10 Mbps Interface Stations 1 2 3 4 A X

Operación del LAN Switch ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],3 Data from B to A A C B 2 4 1 10 Mbps 10 Mbps Interface Stations 1 2 3 4 A X B X

Switching Technology: Full Duplex ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Full Duplex Switch 10 ó 100 Mbps 10 ó 100 Mbps 10 ó 100 Mbps 10 ó 100 Mbps

Switching Technology: Dos Métodos ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Frame Frame Frame Frame

Tecnología Clave del Switching ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],Necesidades del Spanning Tree Station A Station B Segment A Segment B Switch 1 Switch 2 1/1 1/2 2/1 2/2

802.1d Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Multicasting ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Comunicaciones Multipunto ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Multicast WAN Video Servers Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 1 2 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],Problema: Como prevenir el flujo de multicasting ? IGMP Multicast Routing Protocols ,[object Object]

End-to-End Multicast WAN Video Servers Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 1 2 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IGMP CGMP Wire-Speed Multicast Multicast Routing Protocols

End-to-End Multicast Video Servers Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 1 2 3 IGMP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WAN CGMP Wire-Speed Multicast Multicast Routing Protocols

Por qué usar Multicast? 1 20 40 60 80 100 Número de Clientes 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Trafico Mbps Con multicast Sin multicast Stream de Video de 100-kbps ,[object Object]

Resúmen ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

04 bridg switching

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