By Martin de Kievit (Sales Manager Marine at Trimble, The Netherlands)
The demand for greater positioning accuracy with more reliability for waterways and marine positioning is aided with more satellite availability. While GPS from USA, and GLONASS from Russia, have been the mainstay of GNSS for the last few years we have seen three new constellations – QZSS from Japan, BeiDou (Compass) from China and GALILEO from Europe.
This presentation reviews the current status of all the GNSS constellations. Other new developments which will be touched briefly;
-Updated Geoid Model EGM-96,
-Due to doubling of the number of satellites, the corrections needed for precise GNSS, have also doubled so a new correction format is explained.
Furthermore we will tell you something about the latest RTX service (corrections over satellite) and xFILL technology (maintaining your positioning after you lose your GNSS signal).
5. Inside the GNSS receiver
Trimble 360°technology is used in SPS985
and SPS855 and BX 982 receivers
Dual Maxwell VI - 6th Generation Chip ASIC
2x 220 = 440 Channels
GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/QZSS/Compass
compliant
– For all current civilian open signals
6. GPS Modernization: L2C
First satellite launched September 2005
– 8 Block IIR-M satellites so far
– 1 Block IIF (adds L5)
13. IRNSS and GAGAN
Indian Regional Nav Satellite System
– Orbits similar to QZSS – inclined Geostationary
orbit
– L5 & S-Band
– 7 Satellites planned
– First launched to be decided
– No public ICD
GAGAN
– Is a SBAS satellite over India
– First satellite was launched in 2011, a second one
was launched in 2012
– Full constellation of three satellites should be
ready end of 2014
14. GPS L1C / GPS III
L1C
– Third GPS Civilian Signal
GPS III (2014 first launch)
– Also on QZSS
ICD is public
Modulation
– Very similar to Galileo
– More multipath immunity c.f. C/A
15. QZSS
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
Eccentric Geo-synchronous Orbit
L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, E6 & L5
First satellite launched September 2010
Augments GNSS in deep urban canyon
Satellite appears at a high elevation for an extended
time period over Japan and Asia Pacific
QZSS included in Trimble 360TM Technology
– SPS985 and SPS855 support this by default
– Trimble Tracking L1 C/A, SAIF, L2C, L5
– Also tracked L1C (first satellite to have L1C)
19. Beidou/Compass
Beidou
– Geostationary active ranging system over
China
Beidou-2 / Compass
– MEO(Medium Earth Orbit / 16.000 km) ,
GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit /36.000 km)
and Inclined GEO
MEO satellite component system similar to GPS
– First test satellite (MEO) launched early 2007
1 GEO failed in 2009
4 launches in 2010 (3 GEOs, 3 inclined GEO, 1 MEO)
– No public ICD
– PRN Codes reverse engineered by Stanford University
Ephemeris/Clock etc format unknown
– Codes will have similar performance to GPS
Although quality of the clocks, orbital modeling etc. are still
unknown
20. Compass
10 active satellites in space
– 4x GEO – transmitting
– 1x GEO – failed
– 1x MEO – transmitting (oldest satellite from March
2007)
– 5x Inclined GEO
3 Bands (B1, B2 & B3)
Trimble 360TM Technology
– Inside SPS985 and SPS855
– Tracking all 3 bands
21. Compass
No public ICD (Interface Control Document)
– Tracking based on Stanford University work
– No ephemeris/clock/almanac information (no ICD)
– Able to produce code/carrier measurements but
not position
24. Galileo
European System
– 2 Test Satellites (don’t conform to the Galileo ICD)
Giove-A Launched Dec 2005
Giove-B Launched April 2008
– 4 IOV satellites – started in October 2011 (2)
– 22 further funded satellites to come
Original plan 27 – 30 satellites (only a subset funded)
Open Services
– Require a license
Trimble IP supports Galileo and Trimble has a license to commercialize
Other Signals/Bands
– E6 – commercial service (CS)
– PRS – public regulated service
– No public ICD for CS or PRS signals
25. Five Galileo Services
Open access navigation
No charge, positioning down to 1 metre
Commercial navigation (encrypted)
To the centimetre; service providers will
charge fees
Safety Of life navigation
Open service for applications where
guaranteed precision is essential
Public regulated navigation (encrypted)
Continuous availability even if other services
are disabled in time of crisis; Government
agencies will be main users.
Search and rescue
System will pick up distress beacon locations;
feasible to send feedback
26. GIOVE-A Pseudorange noise
Pseudorange measurement
No code/carrier filtering
E1 includes Everest Multipath mitigation
27. Summary – current constellation
GPS
– 31 active
GLONASS
– 24 active
Compass
– 10 active
Galileo
– 2 GIOVE test satellites, 2 IOV satellites
QZSS
– 1 active
SBAS
– WAAS (3) / EGNOS (3) / MSAS (2) / GAGAN (2)
Current Total = 75+ GNSS satellites
– Plus additional in orbit non-transmitting spares (eg. GPS &
GLONASS)
29. CMRx Data format
The Problem:
– Existing data formats too long when more
satellites and more constellations are launched
– Need to reduce data volumes when using cell
phone technology
– Licenses for wider band radios harder to obtain
The Solution:
– Trimble’s CMRx proprietary format transmitted
from Base Station
31. SPS985 Smart Antenna
Scalable
accuracy modes
‘Portable’ base
or Rover
Battery door – ultra
rugged. Removable
2.4 Ah battery
Quick Release adapter
for one click on/off
pole
Tracks GPS, GLONASS,
QZSS, Compass, Galileo,
Marinestar, SBAS
Bluetooth to Tablet or
Computer
Wi-Fi for licence
free radio and
access to Web UI
Internal wideband
410-470 MHz or
licence free 900MHz
32. NEW BX 982 GNSS Modular Heading Receiver
Rugged Housing
Configuration
through our
standard web
browser
3x RS232, 1 x USB,
1x CAN , and 1 x
LAN Ethernet Port
Dual Antenna input
Tracks GPS, GLONASS,
QZSS, Compass, Galileo,
SBAS
Support for
Marinestar
VBS,XP,G2 and HP
2 x 220channel
Trimble Maxwell
chip sets
Support for FDE and
RAIM = Positioning
Integrity Monitoring
33. Fugro Marinestar now available on
Trimble receivers
Receivers capable of receiving Marinestar
VBS,XP,G2 and HP:
– SPS461, SPS855, SPS985 and BX982 with
upgrade option Location RTK enabled
Applications Marinestar:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Navy & Defense applications (incl. Mine hunting)
Hydrographic surveys
Research Vessels
Bathymetry
Dredging
Positioning buoys & Jack-up rigs
And many others
34. Marine
Wi-Fi on Smart Antenna (SPS985)
Tracking structures – wirelessly
License free
Heading via Wi-Fi between SPS985’s
Updated Geoid Model EGM-96
More precise vertical – orthometric heights
related to sea level
CMRx every 3 seconds – for slow radio links
for long range offshore
Abstract
The demand for greater positioning accuracy with more reliability for waterways and marine positioning is aided with more satellite availability. While GPS from USA, and GLONASS from Russia, have been the mainstay of GNSS for the last few years we have seen three new constellations – QZSS from Japan, Compass from China and GALILEO from Europe progressed and some satellites launched. This presentation reviews the current status of all the GNSS constellations. We then look forward 5 years and give scenarios of services and accuracies that might be possible. With the doubling of the number of satellites, the corrections needed for precise GNSS, have also doubled so a new correction format is explained. The SP985 & BX982 receiver features are introduced. Up till now the Smart Antenna has not been suitable for marine projects but the SPS985 is extremely rugged and has a Wi-Fi capability for transmission of corrections and position/attitude useful for marine.
L2CS provides signal-to-noise benefits over proprietary L2 P/Y tracking without direct code-correlation
L5 Deadline – in orbit/operational, secure L5 frequency allocation
Experimental L5 payload on IIR-M