Dr Herman Ibrahim, Board Member National Energy Council, Indonesia, International Geothermal Association (IGA), For many years, renewable energy systems were seen as dependent on non-renewable sources. Challenges of cost, variability, storage and ancillary services have been put forward as barriers to a renewable future. However, an increasing number of cases describe 100% renewable energy systems, utilizing the differentiated, but mutually supportive, characteristics of different renewable sources. Leading energy agencies will present the current status of the renewables sector, and representatives of each renewable energy technology will contribute on behalf of their constituencies.

1. Geothermal Energy Systems
Herman Darnel Ibrahim
Board Member of International Geothermal Association
Board Member of DEN, the Indonesian National Energy Council
Panel on Renewable Systems
IHA World Hydropower Congress
Kuching, 24 May 2013

2. Hydrothermal Geothermal
Energy source: Earth [magma]
Technology: Dry Steam, Flash Steam
and Binary
Application: in 24 Countries
World Capacity: 12 GW
Yearly Production: 75 TWh
1st Power Plant: 1904 [Italy]
Geothermal Direct Use
For Heating and Cooling
Energy source: Earth
Technology: Down hole pump, Heat
pump, Heat Exchanger
Application: in 78 Countries
World Capacity: 29 GWth
Yearly Production: 200 TWh
Geothermal Production Systems
Kuching, 24 May 2013 2IHA Congress: Geothermal System by HDI

3. Geothermal Power Plant is Steam Power Plant of which the natural steam is
produced from the earth.
Geothermal Power Characteristics:
 Clean, No fuel combustion, steam is produced by drilling the earth.
 Renewable, used [condensed] steam is re-injected to the earth.
 Base load capability 85-90% Capacity Factor [not affected by seasons]
 Capacity per well up to 40 Megawatt
 Typical well capacity: 5 Megawatt
 Typical Well drilling success probability: 50-60%
 Typical drilling cost per well: USD 5 to 6 Million
 Typical Total Project plant investment cost: USD 3 to 4 Million per Megawatt
Development Challenges
 High project risk [exploration]
 PPA and Exploration like Chicken and Egg: Utility prefer to sign PPA after
exploration [Feasibility Study], Developer “need” PPA before exploration.
Geothermal Electricity Systems
Kuching, 24 May 2013 3IHA Congress: Geothermal System by HDI

4. Technology Development:
 Resource assessment
 More competitive drilling technology
 Improving EGS [dry rock resources] technology
Projected Milestones
 In the period to 2030, rapid expansion of geothermal electricity and heat
production will be dominated by deployment of conventional high
temperature hydrothermal resources driven by relatively attractive
economics.
 By 2050, geothermal electricity generation could reach 200 Gigawatt
producing 1400 TWh per year.
 By 2050 , geothermal heat could contribute 5.8 EJ [~1600 TWh thermal
energy] annually.
Policy makers, local authorities and utilities need to be more aware of the
full range of geothermal resources available, and of their possible
applications.
Geothermal Roadmap To 2050
Kuching, 24 May 2013 4IHA Congress: Geothermal System by HDI

5. TerimaKasih . . .
Thank You for Your Attention . . .
Picture: Kamojang First Geothermal Field in Indonesia
Email: hermandarnel@yahoo.com
Tweeter: @HermanDarnel