The aim of next generation wireless network (NGWN) is to integrate different wireless access technologies such as WLAN, WiMAX, UMTS etc., each with its own characteristics, into a common IP-based core network to provide mobile user with seamless connectivity. One of the major issues for the converged heterogeneous networks is to provide seamless connectivity with QoS support. In this paper we simulated various wireless networks (WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS) for various applications and evaluated their performance as individual as well as in integrated mode

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PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF SERVICE IN
HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS USING OPNET MODELLER
Vijay Verma1, Silki Baghla2
1Research Scholar, ECE Department, JCDM College of Engineering, Sirsa, INDIA
2Astt. Prof., ECE Department, JCDM College of Engineering, Sirsa, INDIA
ABSTRACT
The aim of next generation wireless network (NGWN) is to integrate different wireless
access technologies such as WLAN, WiMAX, UMTS etc., each with its own characteristics, into a
common IP-based core network to provide mobile user with seamless connectivity. One of the major
issues for the converged heterogeneous networks is to provide seamless connectivity with QoS
support. In this paper we simulated various wireless networks (WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS) for
various applications and evaluated their performance as individual as well as in integrated mode.
Keywords: WLAN, WiMAX, UMTS, QoS, NGWN.
INTRODUCTION
Now a days telecommunication services such as video on demand, music down- load, video
streaming, video conferencing and VoIP are becoming part of user’s daily activities. These
applications demand high quality service, particularly for voice and real time sessions. So it is very
important to increase the quality of data for telecommunication [2]. In wireless technologies such as
3G, WLAN, WiMAX etc. offer variety of services. They are developed with different standards and
provide different area of coverage and data rates [3]. VoIP applications are being widely used in
today's networks challenging their capabilities to provide a good quality of experience level to the
users [4]. Now days the heterogeneous networks are widely used in telecommunication. The
mobility in heterogeneous networks for any mobile device requires seamless connectivity using
vertical handover [6]. But the mobility management is the main issue in heterogeneous networks that
supports the roaming of users from one system to another [7]. The vertical handover involves
procedures of registration, binding, route optimization, and bi-directional tunnelling mode so that
transition between heterogeneous access technologies is transparent to user [5]. Consequently, many
wireless technologies, such as 3rd Generation (3G), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave

2. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 67-74 © IAEME
Access (WiMAX), Wireless LAN (WLAN), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)
are emerging to satisfy the users’ growing requirements to provide anytime and anywhere access to
the Internet.
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Even though, the wired network has benefits like less packet loss, more security and less
delay, it has its main drawback as immobility which makes the wireless network to be prominent
since it supports mobility. Nowadays, the voice and video transmission is widespread among the
mobile users. In this case, the effective quality of speech at the destination side is more essential. The
quality of speech in any network is determined by using Mean Opinion Score (MOS) value, delay,
jitter [1] while quality of service of any network can be determined in terms of load, delay and
throughput as well. In this paper we have integrated three wireless technologies (WLAN, WIMAX
and UMTS) in a network and analyzed its performance for voice application. The analysis is done on
the basis of MOS value, delay, jitter, load, throughput and mobility. As the mobile terminal moves in
such an integrated network its point of connectivity to access point may shift from one access point
to another. This process of change of access point is known as handover. In WLAN network
handover can be found through its AP connectivity while in Wimax handovers can be found by its
mobility. In UMTS, handovers can be found as active cell count in UMTS handover.
INTEGRATION OF VARIOUS WIRELESS NETWORKS
In this paper implementation of three wireless technologies WLAN, WIMAX and UMTS
have been implemented on OPNET Modeller. The simulation is done in 2 parts having seven
scenarios:
1) Network implementation using same wireless technology
• Implementation of WLAN network in 7- cell structure
• Implementation of WiMAX network in 7- cell structure
• Implementation of UMTS network in 7-cell structure
2) Network implementation using different wireless technologies
• Integration of WLAN- WiMAX
• Integration of WLAN-UMTS
• Integration of WiMAX-UMTS
• Integration of WLAN-WiMAX-UMTS
In scenarios of first part the simulation is performed with three applications Voice, Video and
FTP while for scenarios in second part voice application is used for performance application.
SIMULATION RESULTS FOR INDIVIDUAL NETWORKS
Fig. 1, 2 and 3 shows WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS network structure used in this work in 7-
cell structure. In WLAN each cell has four mobile workstations connected with one base staion while
in WiMAX network each cell has 5 mobile workstations with one access point. UMTS network 7
cell structure shown in figure 2. Each cell can have 1 or more NODE B.

3. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 67-74 © IAEME
Figure 1: Implementation of WLAN
Figure 2: Implementation of WiMAX
Figure 3: Implementation of UMTS
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4. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 67-74 © IAEME
Figure 4: Voice jitter in WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS
Table no. 1
Parameters WLAN WiMAX UMTS
Voice Jitter -0.001 sec 0 sec 0.33 sec
Voice MOS value 2.4 3.7 1.6
Delay Max- 2.2 sec 0.3 sec 0.2 sec
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Min- 0.4 sec
Voice jitter for WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS is shown in figure 4 and voice MOS value for
WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS is shown in figure 5. The value for voice jitter should be low and voice
MOS value should be high. MOS value is in between 1 to 5. MOS value five is excellent and 1 is
poor.
Figure 5: Voice MOS value in WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS

5. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 67-74 © IAEME
SIMULATION RESULTS FOR HETROGENEOUS NETWORKS
In scenarios 4, 5, 6 and 7 the simulation is done by using voice application.
In this integrated network, the users can get signal from WiMAX or WLAN (depends on
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signal strength).
Figure 6: Implementation of WLAN-WiMAX
In this scenario, four UMTS architectures are integrated with the WLAN architecture. So the
users can utilize either UMTS or WLAN which depends on the signal strength.
Figure 7: Implementation of WLAN-UMTS
In this scenario user equipment can use UMTS or WiMAX, which depends on the signal strength.
Figure 8: Implementation of WiMAX-UMTS

6. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
6464(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6472(Online), Volume 5, Issue 6, June (2014), pp. 67-74 © IAEME
Figure 9: Voice jitter in WLAN-WiMAX, WLAN-UMTS, WiMAX-UMTS
Figure 10: MOS value in WLAN-WiMAX, WLAN-UMTS, WiMAX-UMTS
Table no. 2
Parameters WLAN-WiMAX WLAN-UMTS WIMAX-UMTS
Voice Jitter 0 sec 0 sec 0.09 sec
MOS value 3.6 Max-3.1
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Min-1.5
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7. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
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A combination of all three networks WLAN, WiMAX and UMTS is shown in the figure.
Figure 11: WLAN-WiMAX-UMTS implementation
Figure 12: Voice jitter and MOS value for WLAN-WiMAX-UMTS
Figure 13: Load in WLAN-WiMAX-UMTS
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8. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Technology (IJECET), ISSN 0976 –
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Table no. 3
Parameters WLAN-WiMAX-UMTS
Voice Jitter Max-0.0036 sec
Min-0.0001 sec
Voice MOS value 3.4
Load 130 bps (WiMAX)
68,000 bps (WLAN)
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
In this paper, we present a performance analysis of various types of wireless networks with
many applications using OPNET simulator. The simulation results show that the WiMAX
performance is good as compared with WLAN and UMTS for voice application and in
heterogeneous networks, WLAN-WiMAX network gives the best results among all heterogeneous
networks with 0 sec of jitter and maximum value of MOS. For future work number of networks in a
structure can be increased and simulated with different applications. The simulation time can also be
increased for performance evaluation.
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