Effect of functional interval endurance training programme on cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance of tripura cricketers

1. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print),
ISSN 0976 - 6375(Online), Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. 27-31© IAEME
27
EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL INTERVAL ENDURANCE
TRAINING PROGRAMME ON CARDIO-RESPIRATORY
ENDURANCE AND MUSCULAR ENDURANCE OF
TRIPURA CRICKETERS
Dr. Deepak Kumar Dogra
Director (Operation), Laxmibai Sports Education & Welfare Society, New Delhi (INDIA)
ABSTRACT
To examine the effectiveness of 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme
on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among selected Tripura cricketers. Pre test
– post test randomized group design were undertaken for the present study which consist of an
experimental group and control group. Equal number of subjects (n= 30) were assigned randomly to
both the groups. The experimental group was exposed to 12 weeks functional interval endurance
training programme whereas, no treatment was given to control group. For the purpose of the present
research work a total of 60 cricketers were randomly selected for the present research work. Cardio-
respiratory endurance and muscular endurance was selected as a dependent variable and 12 weeks
functional interval endurance training programme was considered as an independent variable. The
data was analyzed by applying analysis of co-variance and post hoc test was used to draw
appropriate conclusions and to find out the effect of 12 weeks functional interval endurance training
programme on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance variables among selected
Tripura cricketers. The significance level was set at 0.05. The results indicated that there was
significant difference found in experimental group selected Tripura state cricketers on cardio-
respiratory endurance and muscular endurance variables in comparison to control group. The
findings of this study showed that 12 weeks functional interval endurance training programme was
an effective training tool to improve a cricketers’ cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular
endurance abilities.
Keywords: Functional, interval, training, cardio-respiratory, and muscular endurance
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ISSN 0976 – 6367(Print)
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Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. 27-31
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2. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print),
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INTRODUCTION
The primary goal of functional training is to transfer improvement achieve in one movement
to enhancing the performance of another movement by affecting the entire neuromuscular system.
Functional training is a method of training that is based on preparing the body for real-world
challenges such as balance, stability, turning, bending, and lifting. Doing this ensures that the
nervous system is working properly and that all parts of the body are used in the appropriate manner
with the correct muscles firing at the right time, functional exercises are usually trained in upright
positions and involve movements in multiple planes of motion simultaneously just like in sport (i.e.
cricket, football, volleyball, athletics, etc.).
Furthermore, a cricket-running program should be developing in accordance with the
demands of cricket game. The running program should develop cricket-specific endurance using
cricket-related skills. Endurance as related to cricket is the ability to sustain maximum speed, agility,
and power on each play for an entire game. You want to be as fresh on the last play as you were on
the first. While endurance can be limited due to either a neuromuscular or a cardiovascular factor,
the limiting factor of endurance for cricket is neuromuscular fatigue rather than cardiovascular
failure. Therefore, building an aerobic base is not necessary for cricket endurance. Furthermore,
scientific research shows that long, slow distance running causes an athlete’s muscles to take on
aerobic characteristics. This effect may be desirable for a long-distance runner, but it is
counterproductive in developing the explosive, powerful muscle contractions needed for sports
specific demands (Michael et. al. 2009). Oliver et. al. (2009) examined the effect of functional
balance training on women volleyball players. They found improvement in the fitness level. They
recommended that functional balance activity are cost effective and should be added to any form of
strength and conditioning program in an attempt to enhancing the programs effectiveness’ and to
develop functional postural activation will not only assist with functional performance, but also in
the prevention of injury.
The second reason to utilize aerobic training is it's also a good recovery tool. Aerobic fitness
work can also used in a manner that allows your body to recover from game or training situations.
Even just to give the body a break from the intensity of anaerobic training. Aerobic training in this
way assists in the removal of waste products produced from anaerobic training aiding the recovery
process. By completing a low intensity, longer lasting physical session sometimes called an active
recovery session sparks up the immune system to speed up the regeneration process. Cricketers
underestimate the importance of this training point and the majority of you would never have heard
of this fact (David, 2009). In wrapping up, please remember that your anaerobic system is going to
be your dominant fitness training focus. However if you don't factor in other forms of physical
fitness training you could be setting yourself up for a range of negative outcomes i.e., injury,
sickness, lethargy and a lack of motivation. All of these factors will affect your fitness negatively
and in turn your cricket performances.
Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of 12 weeks functional interval
endurance training programme on cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among
selected Tripura cricketers in order to develop more efficient training methods.
METHODOLOGY
A total of 60 Ranji and Under – 22 Cricketers were randomly selected for the present
research work and these entire subjects had represented Tripura Cricket Association (Affiliated to
BCCI) in several national tournaments respectively. For the present the study pre test – post test
randomized group design which consist of experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30).
Equal numbers of subjects were assigned randomly to both the groups. One group served as

3. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print),
ISSN 0976 - 6375(Online), Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. 27-31© IAEME
29
experimental group – A on which treatment was assigned. The other group served as the control
group. The age of the subjects were ranging from 19 years to 31 years. The average age was being
25years. Cardio – respiratory endurance and muscular endurance was selected as a dependent
variable and functional interval endurance training programme were considered as independent
variable. Cardio-respiratory endurance was recorded in meters rounded off meter by using 200mts
track along with distance markers. However, muscular endurance was recorded in maximum
repetitions performed in one minute by using electronic digital stop watch (Casio 100-lap). To test
cardio – respiratory endurance and muscular endurance of Tripura cricketers, 12 minute run test and
one minute sit ups test were respectively administrated. The treatment was administrated three times
a week on experimental group at M.B.B. Stadium at Agartala for period of 12 weeks (84 days) while
the control group underwent general training and regular cricket practice. Before the administration
of functional interval endurance training programme, the 12 minute run and one minute sit ups tests
were administrated at same venue on both the groups namely experimental group and control group
respectively to collect pre test data. After the completion of 12 weeks of functional interval
endurance training again the same 12 minute run test was conducted to collect the post training data.
Analysis of Co-variance and Post hoc test were computed to analyze the data and the significance
level was set at 0.05.
FINDINGS
The findings of the study are given below:
Table No. 1.0: Analysis of Covariance on the Data of Cardio-respiratory Endurance (12Minute Run
Test) and Muscular Endurance (One Minute Sit Ups Test) among Selected Groups
Source of Variance
Group Means
Sum of Squares Df
Mean Sum of
Square
‘F’Experimental Control
Pre Test Means
(Cardio-respiratory
Endurance)
2413.67 2628.33
B = 691226.67
W =13689623.33
B = 1
W = 58
B = 691226.67
W = 23602.82
29.29*
Post Test Means
(Cardio-respiratory
Endurance)
2898.67 2662.00
B = 840166.67
W = 1269076.67
B = 1
W = 58
B= 840166.67
W = 21880.63
38.40*
Adjusted Post Test
Means (Cardio-
respiratory Endurance)
2931.31 2629.36
B = 1643700.99
W = 416340.17
B = 1
W = 57
B=1643700.99
W = 7304.21
225.03*
Pre Test Means
(Muscular Endurance)
33.60
45.17 B = 2006.82
W =1117.37
B = 1
W = 58
B = 2006.82
W = 19.26
104.17*
Post Test Means
(Muscular Endurance)
46.67 46.07 B = 5.40
W = 1050.53
B = 1
W = 58
B= 5.40
W = 18.11
0.30
Adjusted Post Test
Means (Muscular
Endurance)
48.74 43.99 B = 475.67
W = 401.39
B = 1
W = 57
B= 475.67
W = 7.04
67.55*
N = 30
B = Between Group Variance
*Significant at 0.05 level. ‘F’ 0 .05 (1, 57) df = 4.00
W = Within Group Variance

4. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print),
ISSN 0976 - 6375(Online), Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. 27-31© IAEME
30
Table no. 1.0 highlights the result of analysis of covariance of functional interval endurance
training programme on cardio – respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among experimental
group and control group differs significantly, as obtained ‘F’ value of cardio – respiratory endurance
(225.03) and muscular endurance (67.55) for adjusted post test means was significantly higher than
the tabulated value of 4.00 at 0.05 level.
The 'Post hoc' test was applied as an extension of analysis of covariance to find out the paired
mean significant difference between adjusted group post test means. The findings related this are
presented in table no. 1.1.
Table No. 1.1: Adjusted Post Test Means and Difference Between Means of Experimental and
Control Group of Cardio-respiratory Endurance (12 Minute Run Test) and Muscular Endurance
(One Minute Sit Ups Test)
Variable
Adjusted Post Test Mean
Mean
Difference
Critical
Difference
Post Experimental Post Control
Cardio-respiratory
Endurance
2931.31 2629.36 301.95* 44.12
Muscular
Endurance
48.74 43.99 6.11* 1.36
*Significant at 0.05 level.
Table 1.1 indicates that the specific interval endurance programme induced to experimental
group – A selected Tripura state cricketers on cardio – respiratory endurance variable was found
statistically significant in comparison to control group – B, since the critical difference (44.12) is
higher than the difference between the group mean (301.95*), as shown in table above.
The graphical representation of the paired adjusted final means of experimental and control group for
cadio-respiratory endurance (12 minute run test) and muscular endurance (one minute sit ups test)
are presented in figures (i.e.,1.0 & 1.1).
DISCUSSION
The facts could be the reason for highly significant group differences results, as in the
experimental group cricketers practiced the cricket functional endurance drills with gears for 12
weeks to develop cardio – respiratory and muscular endurance variable (i.e., Duration – 3min; 2min
and 1 min shuttle drill having Target distance – 20 meters; Sets – 3 to 5; Recovery between the
repetitions – 30 to 35 seconds; Recovery between the sets – 45 to 60 seconds; Intensity – 71-80%
48.74
43.99
ADJESTED POST TEST MEAN (MUSCULAR ENDURANCE)
Figure – 1.1
Graphical Representationof Paired Adjusted Post Test Mean Differences on
MuscularEndurance(One Minute Sit Ups Test) among Selected Groups
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP- A CONTROL GROUP - B
2931.31
2629.36
ADJESTED POST TEST MEAN (CARDIO-RESPIRATORYENDURANCE)
Figure – 1.0
Graphical Representationof Paired Adjusted Post Test Mean Differences on
Cardio-respiratoryEndurance(12 Minute Run Test) among Selected Groups
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP- A CONTROL GROUP - B

5. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print),
ISSN 0976 - 6375(Online), Volume 6, Issue 1, January (2015), pp. 27-31© IAEME
31
and Training method – Intensive Interval. In this functional conditioning program, the session
training load and intensities were increased progressively after every two weeks (such as 3rd
; 5th
; 7th
;
9th
&11th
week respectively). However, control group underwent their general training and regular
cricket practice. Newton et. al. (2011) studied the effects of stair climbing on selected endurance
parameters such as, cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among football players
and the result of this study reported that the stair climbing programme improves cardio-respiratory
endurance and muscular endurance among football players as compared to control group. Moreover,
Rosch et. al. (2000) examined that the effectiveness of functional training on football performance.
They founded that flexibility, power, speed, endurance and football skills improved after functional
training. Weiss et al. (2010) also indicated similar results in 7-weeks of functional training on fitness
abilities outcomes in young adults. Further, Shaik et. al. (2011) observed a significant improvement
of physical fitness components (speed, endurance, muscular endurance, strength, explosive power,
flexibility and agility). This study suggested the similar facts that functional training exercises could
serve as an alternative and potentially more creative method for improving sports performance in
sports persons.
CONCLUSION
The results indicated that there was a significant improvement had exhibited by experimental
group Tripura cricketers on cardio – respiratory endurance and muscular variable in comparison to
control group selected subjects had shown no significant improvement in same variable. The
findings of this study showed that 12 week functional interval endurance training programme was an
effective training tool to improve a cricketer’s cardio – respiratory endurance and muscular ability.
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