Causes, Sources and Control Measures

1. MARINE POLLUTION
AND WATER POLLUTION
PRESENTED BY: VENKAT KRISHNA
BHAVYA SHRIVASTAVA
DEEPENDRA YADAV
GAURAV SINGH
PRESENTED TO: PRERNA SHARMA

2. CONTENTS
• POLLUTION AND ITS TYPES
• MARINE POLLUTION
• CAUSES
• SOURCES
• EFFECTS
• CONTROLS
• WATER POLLUTION
• CAUSES
• SOURCES
• EFFECTS
• CONTROLS

3. WHAT IS POLLUTION ?
POLLUTION IS THE INTRODUCTION OF
CONTAMINANTS INTO THE NATURAL
ENVIRONMENT THAT CAUSE ADVERSE
CHANGE.

4. TYPES OF POLLUTION
● AIR POLLUTION
● WATER POLLUTION
● SOIL POLLUTION
● MARINE POLLUTION
● NOISE POLLUTION
● THERMAL POLLUTION

5. 1. MARINE POLLUTION
THE INTRODUCTION OF SUBSTANCES OR ENERGY BY THE MAN TO
THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT RESULTING IN HARMFUL EFFECTS
SUCH AS:
HAZARDS TO HUMAN HEALTH, HINDRANCE TO MARINE
ACTIVITIES.

6. CAUSES OF MARINE POLLUTION
 MARITIME TRANSPORTATION
 AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF
 SEWAGE
 SOLID WASTE
 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER AND CHEMICALS
 LITTER
 OIL SPILL
 AIR POLLUTANTS

7. SOURCES OF POLLUTION
FROM LAND
• 80% OF NON-BIOLOGICAL MARINE POLLUTION COMES
FROM LAND BASED ACTIVITIES
• MOST OBVIOUS INPUTS VIA PIPES DISCHARGING
DIRECTLY INTO MARINE WATERS
FROM AIR
• GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS TO THE SEA FROM AIR
DISCHARGES

8. SOURCES OF POLLUTION
(CONTINUED..)
MARITIME
• DESIGNATED DUMPING GROUNDS AT SEA (DREDGED
SPOIL, SEWAGE SLUDGE, FLY ASH)
• ACCIDENTAL SPILLS FROM SHIPS CARRYING HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES, OIL, GAS ETC.

9. MAJOR MARINE
POLLUTANTS - METALS
MERCURY, LEAD, AND COPPER.
• HEAVY METALS ARE A GREAT CONCERN BECAUSE THEY ENTER THE FOOD
CHAIN.
COPPER HAS BEEN USED IN MARINE ANTI-FOULING PAINTS.
• MERCURY AND LEAD POISONING CAUSE BRAIN DAMAGE.

10. IMPACTS OF MARINE
POLLUTION
GENERALLY MARINE POLLUTION AFFECTS ECOSYSTEM
HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE FOLLOWING WAYS
• ACIDIFICATION
• EUTROPHICATION
• PLASTIC DEBRIS
• UNDERWATER NOISE

11. EFFECT OF POLLUTION ON BOD

12. COST OF MARINE POLLUTION
• 3.25 MILLION METRIC TONS OF OIL WASTED ANNUALLY
• 100,000 MAMMAL AND 2 MILLION BIRD DEATHS ANNUALLY
• REDUCTION OF GDP BY DECREASING FISHERY RESOURCE
• LOSS OF BIO-DIVERSITY AND POTENTIAL LIFE SAVING
MEDICINES (FOR AIDS &CANCER)

13. PREVENTION & CONTROL :
• SPILLS - DETECTION AND CLEANUP
• STRICT DISCIPLINE
• EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY PLAN
• OIL SPILL CLEAN UP EQUIPMENT
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
• DOMESTIC SEWAGE
• GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE
APPROACH
• SEPTIC TANK
• URBAN RUNOFF
• BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

14. 2. WATER POLLUTION
THE CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES DUE TO DIRECT
OR INDIRECT DISCHARGE OF POLLUTANTS INTO THE
WATER BODIES WITHOUT ANY TREATMENT OF HARMFUL
COMPOUNDS.

15. CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
• MARINE DUMPING
• INDUSTRIAL WASTE
• SEWAGE, MAINLY FROM HOUSEHOLDS
• NUCLEAR WASTE
• OIL POLLUTION
• UNDERGROUND STORAGE LEAKS

16. SOURCES OF THE POLLUTION
• INDUSTRIES
• MINES
• SHIPS
• ACID RAINS
• AGRICULTURE
• UNDERWATER STORAGES

17. POLLUTANTS
• DETERGENTS.
• DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FOUND IN CHEMICALLY DISINFECTED DRINKING
WATER, SUCH AS CHLOROFORM.
• FOOD PROCESSING WASTE, WHICH CAN INCLUDE OXYGEN-DEMANDING
SUBSTANCES, FATS AND GREASE.
• INSECTICIDES AND HERBICIDES, A HUGE RANGE OF ORGANO-HALIDES AND
OTHER CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS.

18. GROUNDWATER POLLUTION

19. EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT
• TOXIC WATER
• THERMAL HEATING
• OUR SOURCES OF WATER

20. EFFECTS ON HUMANS
• DISEASES CAUSED BY:
• DRINKING CONTAMINATED
WATER
• SWIMMING IN POLLUTED WATER
• CONTACT WITH CHEMICALLY
POLLUTED WATER

21. EFFECTS ON ANIMALS
 200 TURTLES IN AUSTRALIA’S
SURROUND WATERS DIE EACH YEAR
 BIRDS AND MAMMALS BECOME
COATED WITH OIL

22. CONTROL OF POLLUTION
• SEWAGE TREATMENT
• INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
• AGRICULTURAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
• EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL
• CONTROL OF URBAN RUNOFF

23. MEASURES WE CAN OPT
• TURN OFF RUNNING WATER
• BE CAUTIOUS OF WHAT YOU POUR IN YOUR SINK/FLUSH DOWN YOUR TOILET
• JOIN A SPECIAL SOCIETY DEVOTED TO THE PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION
• FERTILIZE CORRECTLY
• PARTICIPATE IN CLEAN-UP
• SPREAD AWARENESS

24. THANK YOU !

25. QUESTIONS ?