This document defines acids and bases, and discusses their properties and reactions. Acids are substances that produce hydrogen ions in water, while bases react with acids to form salts and water. The document also describes how water is essential for acids to produce hydrogen ions and bases to produce hydroxide ions. It introduces the pH scale for measuring acidity and alkalinity, and distinguishes between strong and weak acids and bases based on their degree of ionization in water. Common examples of acids and bases are provided.
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