Ddo5 Lieven Vermaele 20081017 Vermaele From Digital Dividend To Digital Deficit

EBU TECHNICAL

From digital dividend to digital deficit

Lieven Vermaele
Director EBU TECHNICAL
European Broadcasting Union

EBU - European Broadcasting Union

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What is a dividend?
What is the digital dividend?

A ‘dividend’ is the cash reward or
bonus you hope for, and get
sometimes, when you invest in a
company. It is the payback for an
investment.

The Digital Dividend is something
similar. It is the payback for the
investment in the digitization of
broadcasting.


But who does the investment?
And who ‘owns’ the dividend?
The investment in digital
broadcasting will be made
partly by the broadcaster,
and partly (read: mostly) by the
public who have to change their
receivers.
The resource we use is spectrum, a
scarce resource owned by the
society, the public

You can argue that both
of these groups should
have a share of the
‘payback’ or dividend for
going digital


Mmm, interesting ...
But what do we get for it? and how much?

Licence
Aeronautical exempt
and maritime
Digital

‘Free’ SPECTRUM dividend MOD

Emergency
services
Science
Digital radio

DTT Public mobile
PBR, Other
Spectrum in 200MHz-1GHz band:
at DSO

Ofcom, Digital Dividend Review 2007


Spectrum?
Is there not enough spectrum ...
Well, we al like the same ‘spot’ ...


Spectrum is a scarce resource ...
Spectrum is a scarce resource ...

The metaphor of land ownership
Owning spectrum ~ land ownership
Using spectrum ~ using land for a certain activity.
A regulatory framework is needed for assigning land
and activities to owners ...
Do we need public space, parks, playground ..?
Can your neighbour do what he want? Your neighbour
can interfere (noise, smoke, ...) and have an impact on
your service and the quality
... the same happens in spectrum

Efficient use of a scarce resource in public interest is not
the same as for commercial interest


What do we really get for this spectrum?

Return:
1. Financial value of spectrum
(auctioning)
2. More and new (FTA)
broadcasting services
3. Bridge the digital divide:
Rural broadband
4. Upgrading mobile networks
and services


Return 1. Financial value of spectrum (auctioning)
Spectrum auctions do not necessarily achieve sensible results:
telecoms operators paid more than €100 billion in auctions for 3-G mobile phones

What is fair competition in the allocation of spectrum ...
Competition between different market players with different objectives, focussing on
different services and working with different financial resources
Where goods are scarce it is necessary for society to make choices as to how they are
allocated and used
What does fair competition have to take into account ...
Commercial auctions suffer from the winner’s curse: the successful bidder may be the
most irrationally exuberant rather than the best qualified. This can have an impact on the
time to market, the service or the price afterwards.
Consideration is needed to balance the public value of delivered by PSB with the
commercial value.
Competition rules should into account equal opportunities and obligations of the
different players
PSB deliver high quality content with equal quality in reception and picture, to all segments of
the population, irrespective of their ability to pay for services and the place they live

Return 2. More and new (FTA) broadcasting services
Giving up spectrum that is or can be used today by organisations for
Digital Terrestrial Television
Digital terrestrial TV is important because (unlike cable and
satellite TV) it can deliver services to:
fixed roof-top antennas
set-top antennas
receivers in cars, buses, trains, etc.
hand-held devices (mobile phones, PDAs, etc.)
Across Europe, DTT is the fastest growing delivery
mechanism – even in countries with high penetration of cable
and satellite TV
Freeview TV, TNT, KPN TV, ...
DTT is essential to the success of digital switchover by 2012
Digital divide
Broadcaster also need capacity for new broadcasting service...
Capacity for delivering also HDTV It is not guaranteed
Capacity for Mobile broadcast based TV that BC can deliver
all these services
Broadcast Data services

Return 3.
Bridge the digital divide: Rural broadband
The digital divide
no equal access to digital services
primarily for economic reasons
Broadband internet access (but also for
digital TV, HDTV and Mobile TV)

But?
alternative systems and competition in
the market exists
rural broadband via satellite
rural broadband via Wimax
Broadband wireless via 3G, UMTS
There is unused spectrum for this that can
deliver higher data rates
Low class broadband connection?
What with the future networks NGN, NGH,
fibre up to the next digital divide


HOW LONG WILL WIRELESS BROADBAND LAST?
• Sounds wonderfully logical.
Deliverable bit-rate • Unfortunately it is not. Because
(Mbit/s) of a detail: ‘Content’ which
continues to grow in complexity
and bit rate needs.
10000
FTTH

1000

Multiview HDTV or Super HiVision HFC
stream (140-200 Mbit/s)
100 Bit-rate demand in
developed world
HDTV today for broadband
10 stream (12-14 Mbit/s)
WiMax
ADSL
Wifi Cognitive Radio

10 20 30 40 Years
useful life of wireless
broadband


Return 3.
Bridge the digital divide: Rural broadband
We support universal high-speed access
to the internet to everybody, everywhere.
Broadband (wireless) media is an important part of our media package.

But is it the right way ??

It is important to examine which is the most efficient and sustainable way to
achieve this result.
Can wireless broadband services deployed in the UHF bands really bridge the
digital divide?
Does it make sense for operators to invest in an infrastructure in rural areas?
What kind of broadband services will consumers get for which cost with
wireless services?
Are these services sustainable?


Return 4. Upgrading mobile networks and services
Extending existing platforms
Better coverage in the city, in buildings or in the rural areas
Higher service delivery to a larger group of users
Reduce the network operators cost
universal service/covergae
Introduction of next gen mobile broadband services:
4G, LTE, ..
But?
•Combining mobile and broadcast
cause interference issues? not
relevant you think, see video
•The new next gen mobile BB will
introduce cost for the end customer?
We give public spectrum up, for
introduction new paid services. Can
we find a way to create a public value
in this evolution?


Interference between mobile and broadcast
‘guaranteed service’ versus ‘best effort service’


‘Innovation with value’ is more than developing innovative
technology ...
Innovation in technology is not enough ...
Innovation in technology is the first step, it
creates new creative (and market)
opportunities but doesn’t guarantee any
success

Innovation in content, services and
experiences is crucial
Innovation by creative media people using
innovative technology is the important and
necessary second step, and the key stone
of future success

Successful market take up of new platforms
and services will be driven by the cooperation
media organisations
platform operators

Where to innovate ...?

70 % of innovation on new customer
experience and product innovation


It’s about innovation, not imitation
Digital TV versus i-Player, Catch-up TV


It’s about innovation, not imitation

‘Mobile TV’ versus ‘mobile media’


Is there a digital dividend or a deficit?
Many users of the spectrum (e.g telecoms companies) are
motivated solely by financial arguments
A clear digital Public service broadcasting is not about money
dividend policy is
needed to argue PSBs deliver high quality content to all segments of the
population, irrespective of their ability to pay for services
All players (commercial & public) require access and the
capacity to spectrum to allow them to deliver interference-
free digital services in relation with their mission
Spectrum policy is not simply a question of allocating
spectrum – it must also address issues of interference
which are NOT trivial
Mobile broadband applications will be crucial for the future.
What we see is a fundamental shift in the usage of spectrum,
a scarce resource, with high public value.
Media organisation need broadband mobile appl as part of
their future media package
If we discuss the dig dividend, can we create the framework
for the future broadband mobile networks including an
element for public value, not only financial value


EBU TECHNICAL

Thank you

Lieven Vermaele

Ddo5 Lieven Vermaele 20081017 Vermaele From Digital Dividend To Digital Deficit

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