15. CIRI UMUM
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lebih maju di bandingkan Porifera dan Coelenterata.
Lapisan tubuh Triploblastik.
Ukuran tubuh mikroskopis hingga 20 m.
Tubuh simetri bilateral, pipih dan paling sederhana diantara hewan
simetri bilateral.
Tidak memiliki rongga tubuh (acoelomata).
Pencernaan terdiri dari : mulut, faring, usus (tanpa memiliki anus).
Tidak memiliki sistem sirkulasi, respirasi, dan ekskresi,hermaprodit.
Habitat : air tawar, laut, tempat lembab, dalam tubuh hewan lain
(parasit).
(parasit)
16. Some Unique Characteristics
Proglotids and scolex in Cestoda
Rabdites in Turbellaria
Combination of characteristics- flame cells and being
acoelomates for example.
Larva of each class are unique
17. Potition in animal kingdom
Eumetazoa - animals with tissue
Bilateria - have bilateral symmetry and are triploblastic.
Protostomia - a group of animals whose mouth develops
from the blastopore, and the mesoderm forms from an area
near the blastopore.
Acoelomata - They have a true mesoderm which fills the
original blastocoel between the outer epidermis and digestive
tract.
19. Systems 1
Integumentary- Rhabdites and one cell layer epidermis
in Turbellaria and usually ciliated; syncytial tegument in
other classes.
Skeletal - hydrostatic
Muscle - longitudinal, transverse, and circular muscles
are present.
Digestive - incomplete with intracellular and
extracellular digestion; no system in Cestoda.
20. Systems 2
Excretory - flame cells, or excretory tubes in Cestoda.
Respiratory - no system, diffusion
Circulatory - none, diffusion.
Nervous - anterior ganglia, ventral ladder-like system
(two lateral cords with transverse cords).
21. Systems 3
Endocrine - hormones produced by nervous system
Reproductive - monoecious in most
Well developed reproductive organs, mostly internal
fertilization.
Two of the parasitic classes have complex life cycles
Trematoda - miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercaria, metacercaria
(usually snail is secondary host.
Cestoda - oncosphere, cystercercius (bladderworm)
22. KLASIFIKASI
Turbellaria (cacing berambut getar), silia pada
permukaan tubuh digunakan untuk bergerak.
Dugesia
• Trematoda (cacing isap), alat isap digunakan untuk
menempel dan menghisap makanan pada inangnya.
•Clonorchis, Fasciola, Schistosoma
•Cestoda (cacing pita), bentuk seperti pita tubuh
terdiri dari bagian skoleks, leher, dan proglotit.
Taenia, Dipylidium Echinococcus
• Class Monogenea :No representatives
23. Class Turbellaria
Planaria -Free-living flatworms with soft flattened bodies
covered with ciliated epidermis which has special secreting
cells called rabdites.
Dugesia
24. Struktur tubuh turbilaria
Exhibit bilateral symmetry, acoelomate, and are triploblastic
Parenchyma tissue
24
Phylum Platyhelminthes
27. PENCERNAAN MAKANAN DAN EKSRESI
Mouth is usually located at the
anterior end or mid-body on
ventral surface
Excretory system
Contains flame bulbs
27
Phylum Platyhelminthes
28. SISTIM SYARAF
Free-living species usually have a well-
developed sensory system
Parasites generally have less elaborate systems .
28
Phylum Platyhelminthes
29. SISTIM REPRODUKSI
Almost all are simultaneous
hermaphrodites
Parasitic species (flukes and
tapeworms) have complex
lifecycles, with various hosts and
several different larval stages
Incredible powers of regeneration
29
32. Class Trematoda
Flukes -oral and ventral suckers, no hooks, parasites, body
with a syncytial tegument without cilia. Larva stages
unique.
Clonorchis
Fasciola
Schistosoma
45. Class Cestoda
Tapeworms
Have distinct head structure (Scolex)
and reproductive units called
proglottids. Do not have a digestive
system.
Larva are oncospheres and cysticerci
(bladder worms)
Taenia
Dipylidium
Echinococcus
47. STRUKTUR TUBUH
A scolex attaches them to the inside
of their host followed by a neck
and a strobila (long segmented
trunk).
Individual segments are
proglottids.
54. SIKLUS HIDUP
Usually involves
more than one
host. Variable life
cycles.
Proglottid drops off
and is excreted by
definitive host.
zygotes develop in
environment.
Zygote is ingested by
second host and it
encysts in tissues
which are
consumed by the
definitive host.
55.
56.
57. Dipylidium (dog tape)
Juveniles in flea and
louse
Note the two gential
pores and reproductive
systems in each
proglottid.
Proglottid