2. •HIV-positive prevention emphasizes positive
choices.
•Positive prevention optimizes the health and
well-being of HIV-positive people by
promoting risk reduction activities promoting
healthy lifestyle choices

3. •How to avoid infecting others with HIV
•How to avoid getting sexually transmitted
diseases (such as herpes, gonorrhea, syphilis,
hlamydia, etc.)
•How to avoid other blood-borne illness (for
example, hepatitis C and hepatitis B).
•How to remain healthy

4. 1. Public health principle
Public health approach to prevention of infectious diseases is to target the infected for
prevention efforts.
This is more efficient for preventing HIV transmissions as in every HIV transmission a
HIV infected individual is involved
2. Reasons for prevention interventions for HIV positive persons
•A third of HIV-positive people have unprotected anal or vaginal sex.
•Significant synergy between HIV and STIs exist. This means that in the presence of
STDs, the transmission potential becomes greater among the HIV infected individuals.
Reducing the prevalence of STIs in people with HIV will help reduce the spread of HIV
itself.
• The availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) led to a dramatic decline in AIDS-
related deaths and a new era in which many persons diagnosed with HIV can expect to
lead active and productive lives that extend for decades. The treatment optimism has
at times led to unprotected sex.
•Multidrug resistance and HIV super infection strongly suggests that an increased
focus on HIV prevention, directed towards those who are seropositive.

5. 1. Promoting voluntary confidential counseling and testing
2. Providing post-test and ongoing counseling for positive people
(e.g., safe sex, safe drug use)
3. Encouraging beneficial disclosure and ethical partner
notification
4. Providing counseling for sero-discordant couples
5. Regular quality reporting & analysis of the data.
6. Surveillance to identify HIV positivity in HRG population ,
ANC mothers.
7. IEC activities in the district .
8. Review & Co-ordination during the monthly review meeting &
discussion on ways for positive prevention facility wise.

6.  To make HIV testing/counseling centers functional at all the facility
centers(UHC, CHC, PHC, PPP, private gynac clinic ,medical college)
Demand generation for HIV testing at community level, village level.
Sensitization workshop for workers , PLHIV at industrial level
Sensitization at village level for PRI members, community , local leaders
to reduce mis-concepts about HIV , increase HIV testing & counseling.
Quality counseling to positive people & regular monitoring of the same
(e.g., safe sex, safe drug use, ART, OI treatment,)
Ensure timely spousal testing , child testing , client testing,
Regular updating of PLHIV tracking sheet at district & center level.
Ensure quality post-test counseling & timely partner testing to avoid
discordant couples becoming concordant couples (e.g., safe sex, reduce
sexual encounter)
To encourage institutional adoption of children for the concordant
couples who do not have children or those who have a single child.
To identify HRG population at urban & village level & motivate them for
timely HIV testing. Sensitize the positive detected HRG population to stop
the HRG activity or to adopt safe sex, timely HIV testing of their partners.

7.  To provide proper information about the govt. welfare schemes for income
generation for the HRG PLHIV.
Early detection for ANC positive mother & ensure 100% MB pair , institutional
delivery, sensitize the health staff, patient .
Counseling for MTP if detected HIV positive in the 1st trimester.
Functional Community Based Organization (CBO) to sensitize HRG population in
local language for BCC , timely HIV testing at facility centers, ensure post-test
counseling. CBO’s should be aware of the welfare schemes so that they can pass this
information to the HRG.
Quality counseling at the ART center in order to reduce LFU & MISS patient.
Family counseling, psychosocial support .
To link the migrant PLHIV in the ICTC , ART center ,DLN of the area in which
they reside for psychosocial support , so that they can take benefit of welfare
schemes.
To encourage the private hospital & clinics to refer the positive detected patients
to the govt. hospitals so that timely quality counseling can be done & mis-
conceptions can be reduced.
Blood banks should organize camps & Identify professional donors with risky
behavior & to Sensitize them to donate their blood only after HIV testing .

8. Ensure that the donors detected positive at the blood banks are timely
referred to the ictc centers for post-test counseling & sensitization about
HIV .
Ensure that the blood banks should follow the guideline for blood bank to
see that the quality of the blood collected is maintained . Moreover the
screened & unscreened blood bags should be kept separately with proper
signage.
Effective IEC activities in local language e.g., every tribal area has its own
language & way of speaking the language.
Increasing HIV awareness in tribal areas by way of folk shows, dramas, for
demand generation for HIV testing & other services for PLHIV .
Compulsory HIV testing/counseling of STD patients & their partners in
the ICTC centers.
Early detection of TB patients & compulsory HIV testing of all the TB
patients.
 Review & Co-ordination during the monthly review meeting & discussion
on ways for positive prevention with the ICTC, TI ,ART, blood
banks, LWS, DLN, Other district welfare dept., other NGOs.