Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that are communicate other nodes (router) without using access point, infrastructure . Mobile ad-hoc network is an autonomous system that means no need for depaentd other nodes it have own capability to handle and controlling all funcitionlity, to sending and receiving all information form one device to other device. MANET has power full feature that controlling itself by dynamic nature, multihop,low power and configuration of the system. In this paper we analyzing, simulation and implements the TC messages and HELLO Message by MPR of OLSR routing performance checked at 200 nodes on Qualnet 5.0.2 simulator. In Qualnet simulator to simulate and implement the performance of OLSR routing protocols takes various performance metrics like hello message sent (HMS) , hello message received (HMR), TC message generated (TCMG), TC message replied (TCMR), TC messages received on Constant Bit Rate (CBR) using random waypoint model. In this paper check the performance OLSR routing protocol gives effective performance for lage networks.

1. International journal of Computer Networking and Communication (IJCNAC)Vol. 1, No. 1 (August 2013) 45
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Performance Analysis and Simulation of
OLSR Routing Protocol in MANET
Jogendra Kumar
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
G.B.Pant engineering College Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, India
jogendra.1986@gmail.com
Abstract
Mobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless nodes that are communicate other
nodes (router) without using access point, infrastructure . Mobile ad-hoc network is an
autonomous system that means no need for depaentd other nodes it have own capability
to handle and controlling all funcitionlity, to sending and receiving all information form
one device to other device. MANET has power full feature that controlling itself by
dynamic nature, multihop,low power and configuration of the system. In this paper we
analyzing, simulation and implements the TC messages and HELLO Message by MPR of
OLSR routing performance checked at 200 nodes on Qualnet 5.0.2 simulator. In Qualnet
simulator to simulate and implement the performance of OLSR routing protocols takes
various performance metrics like hello message sent (HMS) , hello message received
(HMR), TC message generated (TCMG), TC message replied (TCMR), TC messages
received on Constant Bit Rate (CBR) using random waypoint model. In this paper check
the performance OLSR routing protocol gives effective performance for lage networks.
Keywords: Ad-hoc Network, MANET, OLSR Routing Protocol, Qualnet 5.0.2
1. INTRODUCTION
An Ad-hoc network is a wireless network, which do not have a centralized and fixed
infrastructure. MANET is referred to as a wireless ad hoc network in which nodes are free
to move arbitrarily and mobile nodes can transmit and receive the traffic. Also mobile nodes
can act like routers by forwarding the neighbors traffic to the destination node as the
routers are multi-hop devices . MANET does not need base stations of wired infrastructure. The
mobile nodes in wireless network range can communicate with each other because it is a self
organized network. The mobile nodes form a network automatically without a fixed infrastructure
and central management. The mobile nodes have transmitters and receivers with smart antennas,
which enable the mobile nodes to communicate with each others. The topology of the network
changes every time by getting in and out of the mobile nodes in the network. In the beginning
MANET was designed for military use but now the MANET is used in many areas. Such as in
disaster hit areas, data collection in some region, in rescue missions, virtual classes and
conferences. This concept with ad hoc network makes the full name of mobile ad hoc network
(MANET). By growing the network, combined with the node mobility the challenges of self
configuration of the network become more evident. Security in MANET is a very critical and
important issue and many techniques were defined for the security of MANET. Mobile nodes in
the network waste much energy by joining in and out with connection to wireless
network. This connection and reconnection create energy limitation in the wireless network
[2][6][12][16][23]. OLSR routing protocol of mobile ad hoc network on random waypoint model

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using constant bit rate (CBR) from source to destination And also The effects of varying pause
time of the mobile nodes will be considered in our evaluation and will be kept constant in
all the scenarios.
2. OLSR (OPTIMIZATION LINK STATE ROUTING) IN MANET
OLSR [8] [18] [20] [24] is a proactive routing protocol stores and updates its routing table
information permanently. OLSR keeps track of routing table in order to provide a route if
needed or route all time available for communication. OLSR can be implemented in all ad hoc
networks due to its nature OLSR is called as proactive routing protocol. OLSR protocols all the
nodes in the network do not broadcast the route packets only Multipoint Relay (MPR) [15] [17]
[19] nodes can broadcast route packets. These MPR nodes can be selected in the neighbours of
source node in a network. Each node in the network keeps a list of MPR nodes information and
stores that information in routing table. This MPR selector is obtained from HELLO packets
sending between in neighbors nodes within range of that node only neighbors. These routes
are established before any source node intends to send a message to a particular
destination. Each and every node in the network keeps a routing table and update information
periodically. This is the reason the routing overhead for OLSR is minimum than other reactive
routing protocols and it provide a shortest route to the destination in the network. There is no
need to build the new routes, as the existing in use route does not increase enough routing
overhead because every node already builds. OLSR reduces the route discovery delay. The
HELLO messages contain the entire neighbor information store in routing table. This enables the
mobile node to have a table in which it has information about its entire multiple hop neighbors.
A node chooses minimal number of MPR nodes, when symmetric connections are made. It
broadcast topology control (TC)[17] [19] [23] messages with information about link status
at predetermined TC interval. TC messages also calculate the routing table’s information and
update periodically.
3. RELATED WORKS
J.kumar [11] proposed a MANET routing protocol in the OLSR were performance analyzed.
For 50 nodes In OLSR routing protocols, sending and receiving packet 95% and less than 2%
packets are wasted so that this protocol is best for large networks. In case of MPR selected nodes
gives TC Messages Generated at 90%, 85% TC Message Received and 80% TC Messages
Relayed so that designing and controlling messages in OLSR routing protocol almost 80%
. C. Perkins et al [3] proposed a MANET routing protocol in the OLSR were performance
analyzed. The performance of OLSR protocol through a network different size carried out
a comparative analysis of the performance and found it had better performance in all
aspects in a network. The performance of OLSR which can be achieved by Hello Traffic
Sent (bit/sec), Total TC message sent (TTCMS) and Total TC message forward (TTCMF),
Total hello message and TC traffic sent (bit/sec), Routing traffic received (pkt/s), Routing
traffic sent (pkt/s), MPR Count Using OPNET Modular simulation tool. Harmanpreet kaur et al
[9] proposed a MANET routing protocol OLSR performs best in terms of load and throughput.
GRP performs best in terms of delay and routing overhead. TORA is the worst choice when we
consider any of the four performance parameters. We can say that OLSR is best as compared to
GRP and TORA in all traffic volumes since it has maximum throughput using OPNET modeler
simulation tools. All the above works proposed several routing protocols to construct a route
performance on TC hello message. This paper checking the performance on large network of
OLSR routing protocol on Constant Bit Rate using new simulator Qualnet which gives faster

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performance and takes minimum time for execution the scenarios as compared to NS2, Glomosim
and OPNET modular.
4. SIMULATION PARAMETERS AND PERFORMANCE METRIC
4.1 SIMULATION PARAMETERS
Simulation Parameters Values
Dimension of space 1500m*1500m
Minimum velocity (v min) 0 m/s
Maximum velocity (v max) 10 m/s
No. of nodes 200
Simulation Time 1200 sec
Traffic Sources CBR
Item size 512 bytes
Source data pattern 4 packets/sec
Node Placement Strategy Random Waypoint Model
Routing Protocol OLSR Routing Protocol
Total Number of Simulation 1
Data Rate 2 Mbps
Channel Frequency 2.4 GHz
Antenna-Model Omnidirectional
PHY-Model PHY802.11b
Table 1 Simulation Parameters
4.2 PERFORMANCE METRIC
Hello Messages Received (HMR): Total number of Hello Messages Received by applying
CBR on nodes.
Hello Messages Sent (HMS): Total number of Hello Messages Sent by the node
TC Messages Received (TCHMR): Total number of TC Messages Received by applying CBR
on nodes
TC Messages Generated (TCMG): Total number of TC Messages Generated by applying
CBR on nodes
TC Messages Relayed (TCMR): Total number of TC Messages Relayed by applying CBR on
nodes.
4.3 SIMULATION TOOLS
Qualnet 5.0.2 [24] is an extended version of Glomosim. Glomosim simulator tools for
wireless network. Design scenarios and routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc network (MANET)
[1] [4] [5] [16] but Qualnet use for both wireless and wired network. Qualnet is more 10 times
powerful as compared to the glomosim because it’s taken less time for execution of the
scenarios, establish more nodes at the same time and taken the performance easily as compared
to Glomosim and NS2,opnet etc.

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4.4 NODES PALACEMENT AND ANIMATION VEIW OF OLSR
ROUTING PROTOCOLS
Figure 1. Showing Nodes Placement Scenarios of OLSR routing protocol for 50 nodes
In figure 1: We are describing the nodes placement strategies of random waypoint
model. In this model Random waypoint model for the different nodes randomly. We are taken
area 1500*1500 mm, wireless network which attached with all nodes randomly. OLSR routing
protocol use CBR apply for source node to destination node with constant speed. In this model
placing 200 nodes all nodes have constant speed and send packet 4 bit per sec. Overall execution
time of this scenarios is 1200 sec and data rate flow is 2 Mbps with channel frequency is 2.4
Ghz. We are taken omni-directional model for controlling both direction signals. Figure 4
showing the 50 nodes placement scenarios of OLSR. Figure 5 showing the execution view of the
scenarios.
4.5 SIMULATION VIEW OF OLSR ROUTING PROTOCOL
In figure 2: Showing the animation view of OLSR routing protocols scenarios using Qualnet
simulation tool and takes the performance of on the basis of performance metric like Hello
Messages Received, Hello Messages Sent, TC Messages Received, TC Messages Generated and
TC Messages Relayed.

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Figure 2. showing the simulation view of OLSR routing protocol for 200 nodes
5. SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF OLSR ROUTING
PROTOCOLS
OLSR: Hello Messages Sent (HMS): In figure 3 showing the Hello Messages Sent by root
sending a hello messages broadcasting to all neighbors to attached nodes of OLSR routing
protocols its protocol reacted as a proactive routing protocols that have available all nodes for
communication to each other’s and maintain routing information periodically. In this figure
sent 15 packets at constant speed 4packet/sec at 50 nodes with constant speed by CBR.
Figure 3. Showing the performance result of OLSR: Hello Messages Sent Vs Nodes
OLSR: Hello Messages Received (HMR): In figure 4 showing that hello messages received
versus nodes. In case of LOSR routing sent packet at constant rate but receiving at different rate
due to some interference, mobility, signaling, fading. We have seen nodes 21, 69, 91, 120, 159,
182, 198 receiving 100% packets but at nodes 8, 34, 42, 74, 89, 107, 128, 152, 173, 190, 199
receiving minimum 40% packet received and all other nodes receiving packet approximately
50-80%. In overall scenarios all packet received not 100% but more packet receive as compare
to base paper nodes 21, 29 receiving 100% packets but at nodes 8, 49 receiving minimum 40%
packet received and all other nodes receiving packet approximately 50%.

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Figure 4. Showing the performance result of OLSR: Hello Messages Received Vs Nodes
OLSR: TC Messages Generated (TCMG): In figure 5 showing the performances of TC
messages Generated by MPR. MPR means multipoint relayed its selected hop. Hop means
counting numbers of path. MPR selected list of neighbor that are attached nodes that MPR have
all information related to the attached list of nodes like sending address, destination address,
secret code, MAC address, up to date information update periodically. In below figure showing
nodes 7, 39, 49, 74, 109, 136 and 172 TC messages generated because these nodes not selected
by MPR so that all these nodes not generated any information. In OLSR routing protocols TC
messages generated almost 97 % and less than 3 % not are generated by MPR but according to
base paper In OLSR routing protocols TC messages generated almost 95 % and less than 5 %
not are generated by MPR
Figure 5 . Showing the performance result of OLSR: TC Messages Generated Vs Nodes
OLSR: TC Messages Received (TCMR): In figure 6 showing the performances of TC messages
Received by MPR. In below figure showing nodes 7, 39, 49, 74, 109, 136 and 172 TC messages
generated but receiving packet because these nodes attached center so that these nodes have
some information related to the neighbors. From nodes 13, 78, 110, 144, 147, 152, 156, 181, 189

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received 100 % TC messages and nodes 1, 2 ,12, 29, 33, 45, 66, 68, 71, 72, 109, 111, 126, 166,
180, 182 and 194 receiving almost 88% and other nodes receiving less than 48 %.
Figure 6 . Showing the performance result of OLSR: TC Messages Received Vs Nodes
TC Messages Relayed (TCMR): In figure 7 showing the performances of TC messages Relayed
by MPR. From node 161 TC messages relayed 100 % TC messages and nodes 41, 64, 107, 123,
154 and 172 TC messages relayed almost 75% and other nodes relayed less than 15 % of TC
messages relayed.
Figure 7. Showing the performance result of OLSR: TC Messages Relayed Vs Nodes
5.1 COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BASE PAPER
5.1.1 Combine performance result of OLSR( Hello Messages Sent and Hello Messages
received): In figure 8 showing combine performances of hello messages sent and hello

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messages received and nodes. According to this base paper figure gives performance 20 nodes
give 80% , 30 nodes gives 50-65 % and 50 nodes give 20-50%.but according to our paper give
better performance 35 nodes give 90% , 45 nodes gives 50-65 % and 30 nodes give 20-50%
Figure 8 . Showing the combine performance result of OLSR: Hello Messages Sent and Hello Messages
Received Vs Nodes
5.1.2 Combine performance result of OLSR(TC Messages Generated, TC Messages received
and TC Messages Relayed): In figure 9 showing the combine performances OLSR: TC
Messages Generated, TC Messages received and TC Messages Relayed and nodes. According
to base paper gives 20 nodes give 82% , 30 nodes gives 48-66 % and 50 nodes give 20-48%
but according to our paper give better performance 45 nodes give 91% , 35 nodes gives 52-67
% and 25 nodes give 24-50%
Figure 9. Showing the combine performance result of OLSR: TC Messages Generated, TC Messages
Received and TC Messages Relayed Vs Nodes

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6. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORKS
This paper discuss Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), and check the performance of
optimization link state routing protocol on the basis of constant bit rate. The performance
checked on random waypoint model in which nodes are placed randomly. In OLSR routing
protocol is created hello messages sensing the neighboring nodes and list of MPR selection
nodes and TC hello messages controlling the route calculation and its information, maintain
routing information periodically, minimizing the broadcasting by MPR. In OLSR routing
protocols sending and receiving packet 98 % and less than 2% packet is wasted so that this
protocol is best for large network. In case of MPR selected nodes gives TC messages generated
92 %, 87 % TC message received and 88% TC messages relayed so that designing and
controlling messages in OLSR routing protocol almost 89% so that OLSR routing protocol
gives better performances in case of large network and small network due to proactive routing
nature protocols as compare to other proactive routing protocol in MANET. The future work is
checking the another routing protocol on different nodes placement strategies, energy
consumption, fixed bit rate, and variable bit rate on the basis on load applying and also
modification of existing routing protocol.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Jogendra Kumar thanks Dr. A.K. Swami Professor and Principal of G.B. Pant Engineering
College Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, INDIA, Dr. Sandipvijay Head of the Department
(HOD) and Professor of Electronic Communication & Engineering in DIT (Dehradun
Institute of Technology) Uttarakhand by recognized UTU (Uttarakhand Technology
University) Dehradun, Uttarakhand ,INDIA and also Thanks Mr. S.K Verma HOD CSED
G.B. Pant Engineering College Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand, INDIA give me opportunity
and provided simulation tools Qualnet 5.0.2 to complete this article.

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AUTHER PROFILE
Jogendra Kumar received his B.E degree in Computer Science & Engineering from
H.N.B Garhwal University Srinagar Uttarakhand (India) in G.B. Pant Engineering
College Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, (India) 2008 and M.TECH (CSE) degree from UTU
University Dehradun Uttarakhand (India) in G.B. Pant Engineering College Pauri
Garhwal, Uttarakhand, (India) 2012 with Registration ID NO CSE1053545 and I am member of
International Association of Engineers (IAENG) (USA) ,member ID:121623, Internet Society
(USA), member ID: 77364 , International Association Of Computer Science And
Information Technology (IACSIT), member ID : 80344753 his research interest includes
mobile Ad Hoc Networks and Wireless Sensor Networks systems and also published various
research papers in leading international journal, Workshops, Seminar & conferences.