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Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement for Efficient Traversal of Cascading Menus (TechNote) Masatomo Kobayashi Takeo Igarashi The University of Tokyo

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ...

Problems to Solve ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... (a) (b) (c) 1. Problems to Solve

Traditional Cascading Menu Demo Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 1. Problems to Solve

Unnecessary Submenu Appearance ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 1. Problems to Solve

Long, long Paths ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 1. Problems to Solve

Irregular Overlapping of Menus ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 1. Problems to Solve

Our Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... (a) (b) 2. Our Solution

Considering the Movement Direction (1/2) Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... Open a submenu / Select an item Close the menu Up the selection Down the selection ,[object Object],2. Our Solution

Considering the Movement Direction (2/2) ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 2. Our Solution

Overlapping menus (1/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... The path is not long or narrow. . 2. Our Solution

Overlapping menus (2/2) ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Not irregular overlapping . 2. Our Solution

Our Cascading Menu Demo Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 2. Our Solution

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Outline Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ...

Evaluation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... i) Traditional menu ii) Our direction-based menu Instruction on the target item 3. Evaluation

Menus Used in the Experiment Demo Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 3. Evaluation

Result (1/2) Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... Selection time Movement path length Unexpected submenu appearance (sec) (kilopixels) Traditional Proposed (per trial) 3. Evaluation

Result (2/2) ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 3. Evaluation Traditional Proposed Others

Discussion (1/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 4. Conclusion

Discussion (2/2) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 4. Conclusion

Limitations ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... “ Unnecessary submenu appearance” is preferable for browsing menus and searching unknown items. 4. Conclusion

Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... We think various GUI widgets can be improved with a little refinement... 4. Conclusion

Menu Traversal of Traditional Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Menu Traversal of Our System ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Unnecessary Submenu Appearance ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Long and Narrow Paths ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Irregular Overlapping of Menus ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

vs. Circular/Marking Menus ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Offsets between Submenus and Parent Menus ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

The Hierarchical Structure of the Menus ,[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... 0. Appendix

Location Adjustment of Submenus ,[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... Bottom Right Side 0. Appendix

Significance of the Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Considering the Direction of Cursor Movement ... (We used the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test) 0. Appendix

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