Fairsky presentation

Managing people, managing myself
with emotional intelligence

Ioannis Nikolaou
Assistant Professor in Organizational Behavior
Athens University of Economics & Business

http://about.me/nikolaou
inikol@aueb.gr
twitter@nikolaou

Yiannis is…
• Work & Organizational Psychologist
• Faculty member of AUEB
– Teaching courses in Personal Skills Development,
OB/HR, I/O Psychology, etc.
– Research on EQ, employees’ well-being, job search,
recruitment & selection
– HR Consulting and executive training
• In the past
– HR & Management Consultant
• PricewaterhouseCoopers
– Training & Development Manager
• Egnatia Bank

Ioannis Nikolaou | http://about.me/nikolaou | inikol@aueb.gr | twitter@nikolaou

Why, why would he do that in his final
international game?


Outline
• Introduction to the concept
– Main approaches on EQ
• EQ @ work
– Leading with EQ
– Managing-motivating people with EQ
• Managing myself with EQ
– Managing emotions, stress, well-being
• Developing EQ skills


Emotional Intelligence

How everything started?

What is Intelligence?
• Typically focused on
– analytic reasoning
– verbal skills
– spatial ability
– attention
– memory
– judgment
• Murky concept with
many definitions by
many experts...


One Definition of Intelligence

“Individuals differ from one another in their ability to
understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the
environment, to learn from experience, to engage in
various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by
taking thought… Concepts of intelligence are attempts
to clarify and organize this complex set of
phenomena”

Neisser, U.; Boodoo, G.; Bouchard, T. J. , J.; Boykin, A. W.; Brody, N.; Ceci, S. J.; Halpern, D. F.; Loehlin, J. C. et al. (1996).
"Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns". American Psychologist 51 (2): 77.


Intelligence
• A fixed, stable characteristic
• A weak (?) predictor for
– achievement
– job performance success
– overall success, wealth, & happiness
• Accounts for a major component of
employment success according to a numbers
of studies covering career success; maybe as
much as 20-25%.


More potent predictors of career
success

• Examples:
– Ability to handle frustrations
– Manage own/others emotions
– Manage own social skills


A different kind of intelligence...

• When being smart is not enough
• Howard Gardner: “A different kind of
intelligence…Multiple Intelligence”
–Interpersonal Intelligence
–Intrapersonal Intelligence

Howard Earl Gardner (born 1943) is an American
developmental psychologist, Professor of Cognition and
Education at Harvard University


Characteristics of
Interpersonal Intelligence
• The ability to understand people
• The ability to get along well with others
• The ability to bring out the best in people
• The ability to create harmony in a group
• The ability to organize and direct others
• Cooperative
• Synergistic
• Ability to resolve conflict

Characteristics of
Intrapersonal Intelligence
• Seeker of meaning and purpose
• Clear idea of beliefs and values
• Ability to know one’s strengths and
weaknesses
• Capacity to look within and formulate a
philosophy of life
• Integrity and congruence between beliefs and
real life is important

Introducing Emotional
Intelligence

WHAT IS IT?
• Emotional intelligence is a different way of being
smart.
• It includes knowing what you’re feeling and using
your feelings to make good decisions in life.
• It’s being able to manage distressing moods well
and control impulses.


WHAT IS IT?
• It’s being motivated and remaining hopeful and
optimistic when you have setbacks in working
towards goals.
• It’s empathy: knowing what the people around you
are feeling
• It’s a social skill - getting along well with other
people, managing emotions in relationship, being
able to persuade and lead others AND (most
importantly)
• It is malleable -trainable… and (should be) different
from intelligence and personality


Intelligence

Emotional
Personality
Intelligence



Daniel Goleman (born 1946) is an author,
psychologist, and science journalist. For twelve
years, he wrote for The New York Times,
specializing in psychology and brain sciences. He
is the author of more than 10 books on
psychology, education, science, ecological crisis,
and leadership.


Daniel Goleman: EQ as a wide array of competencies and skills
that drive leadership performance.

• Self-awareness – the ability to read one's emotions and
recognize their impact while using gut feelings to guide
decisions.
• Self-management – involves controlling one's emotions
and impulses and adapting to changing circumstances.
• Social awareness – the ability to sense, understand, and
react to others' emotions while comprehending social
networks.
• Relationship management – the ability to inspire,
influence, and develop others while managing conflict.


• The capacity to process emotional information
accurately and efficiently, including the
capacity to perceive, use, understand, and
manage emotions effectively (Salovey & Mayer, 1990)
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence.
Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211.

Professor John Mayer
Professor Peter Salovey University of New Hampshire
Yale University

20

The four dimensions of EQ
according to Salovey and Mayer

1 – Perception and
expression of emotions

Emotional 2 – Use of emotions for
4 – Control of Emotions
Intelligence facilitating thinking

3 – Understanding of Emotions


Perception and expression of emotions
 The ability to perceive, evaluate and express his/her
and others’ emotions
 These individuals can easily perceive and recognize
their own (and others’) emotions when they are born,
attending both verbal and non-verbal communication

 They know their exact emotional state and can
understand the relationship between their emotions
and actions
“The WHAT factor”

Use of emotions
 The ability to use emotions effectively in order to
facilitate their own (and others’) thinking and solve
problems effectively
 Individuals with high use of emotions are independent
and self-confident with a positive and optimistic
attitude towards life, effective and persuasive
individuals who are not afraid to take initiative
 If something goes wrong they tend to act in order to
improve things rather than waiting for something /
someone else to intervene
“The POSITIVITY factor”

Understanding of Emotions - Empathy

 Individuals with high empathy can easily understand
how other people actually feel, attending both verbal
and non-verbal communication of the other parties
 They demonstrate sensitivity, appreciation and pure
interest for others’ emotions and when someone
needs their help they willingly provide it

“The HOW factor”


Control of Emotions
 The ability to control and manipulate emotions, to
“read” situations successfully and adopt our emotions
appropriately
 It does not mean denial or repression of true feelings
or lack of spontaneity
 High control of emotions means increased self-
control and successful handling of
impulsive/disruptive feelings

“The CONTROL factor”

Leading with EQ

• EQ Leaders are:
– Visionary, inspiring and influencing
– Passionate to achieve extraordinary accomplishments
– Generating excitement, optimism & enthusiasm
– Behaving with integrity and humility
– Concerned about others’ welfare


Leading with EQ

Vision
Inspiration

Passion
Excitement
Optimism
Humility Integrity
Concern

Managing-motivating people with EQ
• EQ Managers:
– Show interest to the team members
– Treat them with respect and fairness
– Understand employees’ individual needs/skills
– Are goal-oriented, “doers”, driving others forward
through personal example


More on EQ @ Work

• Performance
• Employee Development
• Training and trainability
• Teamwork

• Studies conducted by our team in Greece
– Physical & Psychological health
– Work stress and stress management
– Change management


Managing emotions, stress, well-being

• Negative mood influences habits or
behaviours that have been accused for
unhealthy conditions, such as smoking and
drinking.
• Several studies have also revealed a direct
connection between intense emotions
(especially anger) and cardiovascular
consequences.


Managing emotions, stress, well-being

“Individuals who can regulate their emotional
states are healthier because they accurately
perceive and appraise their emotional states,
know how and when to express their feelings,
and can effectively regulate their mood states”
Salovey, Bedell, Detweiler & Mayer (1999)


Can we develop EQ;

Individual level


How can organizations develop EQ?

Recruiting

EQ individuals

Assessing

How can individuals develop EQ?
• A few ideas…

Developing Perception and Expression of
Emotions
• Becoming aware of your own emotional
expressions
• Becoming aware of the feelings and emotions
of others
– Others’ facial expressions
– Listening to emotions: Voice pitch and tones
– Body language


Developing Use of Emotions

• Generating a positive mood
• Getting into the right mood
– Feeling your feelings
– Experiencing the feelings of others
• Developing your imagination
• Changing your mood quickly
• Assessing the pros and cons of alternatives


Developing Understanding Emotions
(Empathy)
• Active listening
• Building your “emotional database”
• Improving your emotional exposure /
experience
• Understanding the causes of others’ emotions
• Showing active, sincere interest
• Being supportive


Developing Control of Emotions
• Think before you act (Ask yourself: “Is it worth
it?”)
• Staying open to emotions
• Emotion management
– Disengagement of emotions
• Avoidance of emotions
• Denial of emotions
– Engagement of emotions
• Emotional reappraisal
• Emotional acknowledgment
• Emotional integration


“Anyone can become angry--that is easy.
But to be angry with the right person, to
the right degree, at the right time, for the
right purpose, and in the right way…
That is not easy”

Aristotle, The Nicomachean Ethics


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