Professor Daniel Wincott of Cardiff University describes how devolution has changed the nature of social citizenship in the UK, and argues that changing attitudes mean that we are heading towards an “ever looser Union”.

2. Low local power

3. Low autonomy, low tax sharing

4. Revenue & expenditure in Scotland
70000.0
60000.0
50000.0
40000.0
£ millions
30000.0
20000.0
10000.0
0.0
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Total Scottish Expenditure
Total current revenue including North Sea revenue Geographical share
Total Scottish Government and local government expenditure

6. Defining tax accountability in
Scotland

8. Devo + revenue & expenditure
in Scotland – stability and
accountability
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
£ millions
30,000
20,000
10,000
-
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Total Scottish Expenditure
Total current revenue including North Sea revenue Geographical share
Total Scottish Government and local government expenditure
Total Devo + revenue

9. 70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1999 Calman Devo + Devo Max Indy Lite Full
(Basque) independence
Horizontal bars represent devolved
expenditure, estimated Devo Max Scottish own revenue UK funding Scottish deficit
expenditure and total expenditure under
independence