UMTS

1 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen
GPRS/UMTS
IAB Workshop
February 29 - March 2, 2000
Jonne Soininen
Nokia

Outline
• Introduction to 3GPP
• GPRS/UMTS Architecture
• GPRS/UMTS Introduction
• GPRS Architecture
• UMTS Packet Architecture
• GPRS/UMTS Protocols
• Combined GSM and M-IP mobility handling in UMTS IP CN
• Introduction
• Step 1
• Step 2
• Step 3
• Overview to UMTS Release 2000 All-IP Option

Introduction to 3GPP
(1/5)
• Participation
• Organizational Partners
• ARIB
• CWTS
• ETSI
• T1
• TTA
• TTC
• Market Representation Partners
• Global Mobile Suppliers Association - GSA
• GSM Association
• UMTS Forum
• Universal Wireless Communications Consortium (UWCC)
• IPv6 Forum
• Individual Members
• Companies
• Observers, Guests

(2/5)

(3/5)
• TSG CN (Core Network)
• WG1 (MM/CC/SM) (Iu)
• WG2 (MAP/GTP/CAMEL)
• WG3 (Interworking with external networks)
• TSG RAN
• WG1 (Radio Layer 1)
• WG2 (Radio Layer 2 and Radio Layer 3 RR)
• WG3 (Iub, Iur, Iu, UTRAN O&M requirements)
• WG4 (R. performance, protocol aspects)
• AHG1 (Ad-hoc group on ITU (internal) co-ordination)
• TSG SA
• WG1 (Services)
• WG2 (Architecture)
• WG3 (Security)
• WG4 (Codec)
• WG5 (Telecom Management)

(4/5)
• TSG T
• WG1 (Mobile Terminal Conformance testing)
• WG2 (Terminal Services & Capabilities)
• WG3 (USIM)

(5/5)
• Technical Work Done in WGs
• Meetings
• As Necessary
• Decision through Consensus or Voting
• Most of the Work Done in Meetings
• Deliverables
• Technical Reports/Technical Specifications
• Approval by Consensus or Vote
• Change Control When Sufficiently Stable
• Inter-WG Coordination
• In TSGs
• Information Exchange through Liaison Statements
• Standards
• Releases

GPRS/UMTS Architecture

GPRS/UMTS Release 99 Architecture
Gf
Uu
Um
D
Gi
Gn
Iu
Gc
CE
Gp
Gs
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface
Signalling Interface
MSC/VLR
TE MT UTRAN TEPDN
Gr
Iu
HLR
Other PLMN
SGSN
GGSN
Gd
SM-SC
SMS-GMSC
SMS-IWMSC
GGSN
EIRSGSN
Gn
CGF
Ga
Ga
Billing
System
Gb
TE MT BSS
R
A
R

GSM Architecture / GSM Radio
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Corporate 2
Corporate 1
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)
Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)
GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
HLR/AuC
MSC
BSC
BTS Packet
networkPSTN
Packet
networkSS7
Network
Packet
network
Data
network
(Internet)
Packet
network
Inter-PLMN
Backbone
network
Border
Gateway (BG)
Gb
Gr Gd
Gi.IP
Firewall
Firewall
Um
SMS-GMSC
Gr Gd
Gs
Gs
Gp
Gn
Gn
EIR
MAP-F
A
Gc

UMTS Architecture / WCDMA
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Corporate 2
Corporate 1
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)
Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)
GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
HLR/AuC
MSC
RNC
Node B Packet
networkPSTN
Packet
networkSS7
Network
Packet
network
Data
network
(Internet)
Packet
network
Inter-PLMN
Backbone
network
Border
Gateway (BG)
Iu
Gr Gd
Gi.IP
Firewall
Firewall
Uu
SMS-GMSC
Gr Gd
Gs
Gs
Gp
Gn
Gn
EIR
MAP-F
Iu
Gc

The R99 Architecture
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Local
area
network
Server
Router
Corporate 2
Corporate 1
Intra-PLMN
backbone
network
(IP based)
Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)
Gateway GPRS
Support Node
(GGSN)
GPRS
INFRASTRUCTURE
HLR/AuC
MSC
RNC
Node B Packet
networkPSTN
Packet
networkSS7
Network
Packet
network
Data
network
(Internet)
Packet
network
Inter-PLMN
Backbone
network
Border
Gateway (BG)
Iu
Gr Gd
Gi.IP
Firewall
Firewall
SMS-GMSC
Gr Gd
Gs
Gs
Gp
Gn
Gn
EIR
MAP-F
Iu
Gc
BSCBTS
A
Gb
Um
Uu

Entities
• The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
• Mobility Management
• Authentication
• Gathers Charging Information
• Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
• Gateway between UMTS Core Network and external networks
• Address allocation for MS
• Gathers Charging Information
• Filtering
• Base Station Subsystem (BSS) / Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)
• BSS
• BSC
• BTS
• RNS
• RNC
• Node-B

PDP Context
• Packet Data Protocol (PDP) Context
• Session
• Logical Tunnel between MS and GGSN
• Anchored GGSN for Session
• Multiple PDP Contexts
• Per Mobile
• Per PDP Address
• PDP Context Activities
• Activation
• Modification
• Deactivation

R99 Interfaces and Protocols
Routing Example
Local
area
network
Server
Router
SGSN
GGSN
IP
ROUTER
BSCBTS
GPRS
backbone
network
(IPbased)
SGSN
GGSN
IP
ROUTER
BSCBTS
GPRS
backbone
network
(IPbased)
Packet
network
Inter-operator
backbone
network
Packet
network
Data
network
(Internet)
Corporate
HOMEGPRS
NETWORK
VISITED
GPRS
NETWORK
case 1
case 2
case 3

GPRS Network from the Internet
L o c a l
a r e a
n e tw o r k
R o u t e r
C o r p o r a t e 2
L o c a l
a r e a
n e t w o r k
R o u t e r
C o r p o r a t e 1
P a c k e t
n e t w o r k
D a ta
n e t w o r k
( In t e r n e t )
G P R S
S U B N E T W O R K
S U B N E T W O R K
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .X X X
S U B N E T W O R K
1 3 1 . 4 4 . 1 5 . X X X
S U B N E T W O R K
1 9 1 . 2 0 0 . 4 4 . X X X
H O S T
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .2 1
H O S T
1 3 1 . 4 4 .1 5 .3
H O S T
1 5 5 . 2 2 2 .3 3 . 5 5
" R o u te r "

GSM User Plane
Relay
Network
Service
GTP-U
Application
IP, etc.
SNDCP
LLC
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
SNDCP
LLC
BSSGP
L1bis
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
BSSGP
L1bis
Relay
L2
L1
IP
L2
L1
IP
GTP-U
IP, etc.
Um Gb Gn Gi
MS BSS SGSN GGSN
Network
Service
UDPUDP

UMTS User Plane
L1
RLC
PDCP
MAC
E.g., IP,
PPP,
OSP
Application
L1
RLC
PDCP
MAC
ATM
UDP/IP
GTP-U
AAL5
Relay
L1
UDP/IP
L2
GTP-U
E.g., IP,
PPP,
OSP
3G-SGSNUTRANMS
Iu-PSUu Gn Gi
3G-GGSN
ATM
UDP/IP
GTP-U
AAL5
L1
UDP/IP
GTP-U
L2
Relay

Mobile IP in UMTS
3GPP TSG-SA WG2 Mobile IP Ad Hoc

Mobile IP in UMTS
A Staged Approach
• Step 1: Offering Mobile IP service
• UMTS Release 99
• Step 2: Intermediate GPRS-Mobile IP system
• Step 3: Using Mobile IP for Intra System Mobility

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1
Iu
CN
UTRAN
HA
UTRAN
RNS
RNS
RNS
IP network
HLR
etc.
Iur
filter Internet
MAP
HA
HA
R
Gp
SGSN
GGSN
GGSN
FASGSN
PLMN
backbone
GGSN
SGSN
BG
BG Border Gateway
R Router
HA Home Agent
FA Foreign Agent
FA
FA

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1 (Cont.)
• Changes
• FA functions at GGSN
• Mobile IP in the mobile if needed
• Does not change
• GSM MAP, VLR and HLR
• Network architecture
• No changes to the MS

Iu
UTRAN
HA
UTRAN
RNS
RNS
RNS
R
HLR
etc.
Iur
Internet
HA
HA
MAP
IP
R
R
Gp
R
Gi
IP network
filter
SGSN
PLMNbackb.
BG
BG Border Gateway
R Router
HA Home Agent
FA Foreign Agent
SGSN
GGSN FA
SGSN GGSN
FA
GGSN
FA
Mobile IP in UMTS
Step2

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 2 (cont.)
• Changes to Step 1
• GGSN/FA can be changed during a session if more suitable
available
• Applicability
• Maybe in Release 2000

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3
Iu
CN
IGSN
UTRAN
HA
UTRAN
RNS
RNS
RNS
R
R
CN
HLR
etc.
BG
Iur
FW Internet
HA
MAP
IP
R
R
HA
IGSN
IGSN
FA
FA
FA

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (the reality)
Iu
CN
IGSN
UTRAN
HA
UTRAN
RNS
RNS
RNS
R
R
CN
HLR
etc.
BG
Iur
FW Internet
HA
MAP
IP
R
R
HA
IGSN
IGSN
FA
FA
FA
BG
Gn Lite

Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (Cont.)
• Changed from Step 1 & Step 2
• GTP only on control plane (almost)
• No SGSN + GGSN -> IGSN
• Mobile IP based Macro Mobility Management
• MS has to be changed to support Mobile IP
• Problems
• Interworking with pre-Step 3 networks
• Support for non-M-IP mobiles
• etc.
• Applicability
• Not defined

Release 2000 All-IP Architecture

Release 2000 Architecture
• Includes All-IP Architecture Option
• GPRS as basis
• Includes GPRS Core Network
• Home Subscriber Server (HSS) instead of HLR
• New Entities - Voice over IP infrastructure
• Call State Control Function (CSCF)
• Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)
• Media Gateway Function (MGW)
• etc.
• New Interfaces
• New Protocols

R00 All-IP Reference Architecture
Gf
Gi
Iu-ps'
Iu
GiMr
Gi
Ms
Gi
R Uu
MGW
Gn
Gc
Gp
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface
Signalling Interface
TE MT UTRAN
Gr
Other PLMN
SGSN
GGSN
GGSN
EIR
SGSN
Gn
MGCF
R-SGW
MRF
Multimedia
IP Networks
PSTN/
Legacy/External
Applications &
Services *)
Mm
Mw
Legacy mobile
signaling
Network
Mc
Cx
R Um
TE MT ERAN
Alternative
Access
Network
Mh
CSCF
CSCF
Mg
T-SGW *)
T-SGW *)
HSS *)
HSS *)
Applications
& Services *)
MSC server GMSC server
Iu
1
=Iucs (RTP, AAL2)
Iu
2
= Iu(RANAP)
*)those elements are duplicated for figure
layout purpose only, they belong to the same
logical element in the reference model
McMc
MAP
MAP
SCP
CAP
MGW
Nb
Nc
Iu
1
Iu
2
R-SGW *)
Mh

MRFMRF
InternetInternet
SCPSCP
ApplicationApplication
serversservers
HSSHSS
Gr+Gr+
MAP+MAP+
CAPCAP
WINWIN
PSTNPSTN
All-IP System Level Architecture
CSCF Call State Control Function MRF Multimedia Resource Function
HSS Home Subscriber Server RAS Remote Access Server (DSLAM, head end…)
MGCF Media Gateway Control Function RSGW Roaming Signaling Gateway
MGW Media Gateway TSGW Transport Signaling Gate
3G RAN3G RAN
Iu-PSIu-PS
CSCFCSCF
MGCFMGCF
SGSNSGSN
OSAOSA
ServiceService
capabilitycapability
serversservers
TSGWTSGW
LegacyLegacy
CellularCellular
RSGWRSGW
ISUPISUP
MAPMAP
IS-41IS-41
IPv6IPv6
All-IP CoreAll-IP Core MGWMGW
SIPSIP
H.248H.248
WLAN, DSL,WLAN, DSL,
cable...cable...
RASRAS
GGSNGGSN
FWFW

R00 All-IP Reference Architecture
GGSNGGSN
SGSNSGSN
MGWMGW
CSCFCSCF
MGCFMGCF
RSGWRSGW
TransportTransport
LayerLayer
Application LayerApplication Layer
Service LayerService Layer
MRFMRF
HSSHSS
TSGWTSGW
CSCFCSCF
External IPExternal IP
NetworksNetworks
Legacy MobileLegacy Mobile
SignalingSignaling
NetworksNetworks
PSTN/PSTN/
External CSExternal CS
NetworksNetworks
WLAN, DSL, Cable, etc.WLAN, DSL, Cable, etc.
RASRAS
OSA, VHE,OSA, VHE,
etc.etc.
SCPSCP

R00 New Protocols (?)
• Protocol between CSCF and Mobile or IP Phone:
• H.323 or SIP
• CSCF-MRF: Mr
• H.248/Megaco
• CSCF-MGW: Mc
• H.248/Megaco
• CSCF-HSS:Cx
• IP based Interface
• CSCF-CSCF: Mw
• Bear Independent Control Protocol (BICC) or SIP?
• CSCF-Legacy Mobile Network: Ms
• IP based signaling - The same as Mw
• CSCF-Applications/Services:
• Difference: Camel over IP (Sigtran)
• Real-time IP transport:
• RTP/UDP/IP

Thank You!
Jonne Soininen
Jonne.Soininen@Nokia.Com

UMTS

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