13. Shifts in CLTS Previous approaches CLTS Teaching communities Learning from communities “ We must subsidize the poor” “ Communities should do it” “ We pursue and motivate” “ It’s up to you, you decide” Top-down standardization Bottom up diversity (they design) Bigger budget Lower budgets Spending on hardware Spending on empowering (mental and psychological) Achievement measured by coverage figures Achievement measured by number of ODF communities: Behavior/attitude change
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27. Post training progresses… More heroes? Atnafe Beyene (right) appreciating Belayinesh (middle) and Jemal (left) for keeping their environment open-defecation free I made four men shovel it! I shouted and chased many men who tried to defecate open Bravo vanguards! We join hands!