GEF Hai Basin Integrated Water resources and Environment Management （IWEM） Project in China
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This document provides an overview of the GEF Hai Basin Integrated Water Resources and Environment Management Project in China. The project aims to improve integrated water resources and environmental management in the Hai River Basin to reduce pollution and improve water quality in the Bohai Sea. Key objectives include establishing an integrated management system, implementing pilot plans, strengthening knowledge management, and achieving targets such as lowering agricultural water usage and reducing sewage discharges. The project consists of components on integrated management, knowledge management, and establishing an ET monitoring system to manage water usage.
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GEF Hai Basin Integrated Water resources and Environment Management （IWEM） Project in China
- 1. 1 IGR-2 Beijing GEF 海河流域 水资源与水环境综合管理项目 GEF Hai Basin Integrated Water resources and Environment Management （ IWEM ） Project in China 目 位：全球 境基金、世界 行、中 人民共和国水利部、国家 保 局项 单 环 银 华 环 总 Organized by ： GEF , World Bank , Ministry of Water Resources, State Environment Protection Administration, P.R.C GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project 2006 年 10 月 中国北京 Beijing ， P.R.C Oct. 2006 韩振中 博士 Han zhenzhong Ph. D
- 2. 2 主要内容 Outline 项目背景 Project Background 项目目标 Objectives 项目组成 Project Components 项目投资与实施计划 Implementation Plan and Investment 项目特点 The Characters of the Project 采取的行动 Activities 项目经验 Experiences GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China
- 3. 3 渤海为中国、韩国、朝鲜提 供了重要的渔业资源 。从 生态角度讲，渤海是黄海的 一个大型浅海湾 It provides important fishery resources to China, South Korea and North Korea. From the ecological point of view, Bohai is a large shallow gulf of Yellow Sea. 1 、项目背景 I Project Background GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China China D. Korea R. Korea Japan
- 4. 4 流入渤海的陆地河流有黄 河、海河、滦河、辽河、小清 河等 40 余条河流，年平均径 流量约 792 亿立方米。随着环 渤海城市、工业、农业、畜牧 业等发展，环境污染加剧，随 地表径流流入渤海的污染物未 得到有效控制，陆地污染源给 渤海生态环境带来严重影响， 同时，由于水资源供需矛盾突 出，流入渤海的淡水总量也日 益减少，削弱了渤海生态系统 的功能。 海河流域是汇入渤海的重 要流域之一，流域内包括北京 市、天津市、河北省等八个省 （直辖市），是中国政治文化 中心所在地和经济发达地区， GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China There are more than 40 rivers flowing into Bohai such as Yellow River, Hai River, Luanhe River and Liaohe River ect. The average annual runoff of these rivers is about 79.2 billion cubic meters. With the development of industry, agriculture and stock raising, land-based sources of pollution bring a serious impact to the ecological environment of Bohai Sea. On the same time, fresh water flowing into the Bohai Sea is decreasing and weakening the Bohai Sea ecosystem functions. Hai basin is an important basin which drain to Bohai Sea and covers Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other five provinces (municipalities). This area is the economical, political and cultural center of China.
- 5. 5 在中国政府有 部关 门 的共同努力和世界 行银 的支持下，由全球 境环 基金（ GEF ）和中国政 府共同 助 展“海河资 开 流域水 源与水 境资 环 综 合管理 目”， 目项 该项 旨在提高流域水 源与资 水 境的 合管理水平环 综 ， 流域水 染状况减轻 污 ，从而改善渤海的水环 境 量。质 With the efforts of related departments of the Chinese Government and supports of the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) grant and Chinese Government financed "Integrated Water and Environment Management in Hai River Basin Project". The project aims at improving water resources and the basin integrated environmental management, reducing water pollution thus improving the Bohai Sea water quality. GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China
- 6. 6
- 7. 7 海河流域位于东经 112° － 120° ， 北 纬 35° － 43° 之 间，东临渤海，总面积 31.8 万 km2 ，占中国陆地面积的 3.3% 。 Hai River basin is located between longitude 112°- 120°east, and latitude 35°- 43°north. It is on the west of Bohai Sea. The total area is 318,000 km2 accounting for 3.3% of Chinese land area. GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 流域基本情况 Present Status of the Basin Hai River Basin BohaiSea Beijing
- 8. 8 海河流域耕地 面积 1.6 亿亩，有 效灌溉面积 1.1 亿 亩。主要粮食作物 有小麦、大麦、玉 米、高梁、水稻、 豆类等，经济作物 以棉花、油料、麻 类、甜菜、烟叶为 主。流域内人口占 中国的 10% ，国内 生产总值 （ GDP ）、耕地 面积、粮食产量分 别占全国的 12% 、 The total arable land is 10.7 million ha, and effective irrigation area is 7.3million ha. The main crops are wheat, barley, maize, sorghum, rice, beans, and economic crops as cotton, oil-bearing crops, hemps, beet and tobacco. The population in the basin account for 10% of total population of the nation ， the GDP of the region account for 12% of the national GDP ， the farming land of the Basin account for 9.0% of the national farming land area and total production of grain account for 10% in China. GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China
- 9. 9 海河流域多年平均 降水量 535mm 。降 水时空分布不均，汛 期（ 6 － 10 月）降水 占全年降水量的 70 － 85% ，最大年降水量 是最小值的 2.2 倍。 流域人均水资源占有 量 300m3 ，耕地亩均 水资源量 230m3 ，在 中国各大流域中，海 河流域的人均、亩均 水资源量最低。 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China The annual average precipitation is 535mm in Haihe basin. In a year, the flood season (June-October) precipitation accounts for 70-85% of annual, and maximum annual precipitation is 2.2 times the minimum. In the basin per capita water consumption is 300m3 , Per ha farmland burdens 230 m3 water. So the quantity of water resources per person and farmland in Hai River basin is the lowest compared with the other major river basins in China.
- 10. 10 2004 年全流域废 污水排放总量 48.0 亿吨，其中工业和 建筑业废污水排放 量 30.3 亿吨，占 63.2% ；城镇居民 生活污水排放量 10.7 亿吨，占 22.3% ；第三产业 污水排放量 7.0 亿 吨，占 14.5% 。到 2000 年，污水处理 厂年污水处理能力 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China The total sewage discharge of the entire basin is 4.8 billion ton in 2004. The waste water discharged from the industrial and construction was 3.03 billion tons and accounted for 63.2%. The living waste water discharged from urban residents was 1.07 billion tons and accounted for 22.3%. The third industrial discharged 700 million tons and accounted for 14.5%. By 2000, the entire basin sewage treatment capacity was only 14% of the amount of waste water.
- 11. 11 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 废水排放 Sewage Discharge 地表水变化趋势（ 1956 － 1998 ） Change of surface water(1956-1998) 1990 年赤潮 Red Tide in 1990 湿地萎缩 Decrease of Wet land
- 12. 12 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 2 、项目目标和任务 II Objectives tasks of Project GEF 海河项目总体 目标：推进海河流域 水资源与水环境综合 管理（ IWEM ），实 现流域水资源合理配 置，提高水资源利用 效率和效益，修复生 态环境，有效缓解水 资源供需矛盾，减轻 流域陆源对渤海污染 ，改善海河流域及渤 海水环境质量。 Overall objective ： To promote integrated water and environment management of Hai basin, to realize rational configuration of water resources, to increase the utilization efficiency and benefits of water, to rehabilitate ecological system, to effectively solve the issue of water shortage, to reduce pollution to the Bohai Sea and to really improve the environment quality of Hai basin and Bohai Sea.
- 13. 13 促进并建立适合海 河流域特点的水资源与 水环境综合管理体系； 针对北京市和河北 省的重点县（区），天 津市及其所有县（区） 进行水资源与水环境管 理规划示范试点 ; 加强海河流域知识 管理（ KM ）开发能力 建设，建立海河流域遥 感监测 ET 系统中心， 并在全流域实施 ET 管 理 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China To establish an integrated water and environment management system which suits to the characteristic of Hai basin. To decide the mode pilot plans of integrated water resources utilization and pollution control of key regions. To strengthen the development capability of Knowledge Management (KM) of the Hai Basin, establish a remote sensing monitoring ET system center, to put ET control and management in practice in the basin. 项目任务： Concrete tasks:
- 14. 14 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 根据综合管理新理念新对 策需求，确定重点区域水资 源综合利用以及水污染控制 模式和示范方案 ; 天津市滨海新区小城镇的 市政污水处理厂建设和运营 模式探讨 ; 支持国家或流域级、子流 域级和省（市）级综合管理 政策法规和机构体制建设 According to the demand of new concepts and methods of integrated management, identify projects of water resources managements, water environment control and demonstration plan in key areas. To build of sewage treatment plants and approaches their operational modes of medium and small sized cities. To support the establishment of policy framework and system building of integrated water and environment management of the state level.
- 15. 15 降低农田综合 ET 值 ，将 ET 值控制在水资源 允许消耗量之内； 地下水超采量减少至 零，达到采补平衡； 入河排污量削减至纳 污能力之内，满足河流 水质要求，减少入渤海 污染物负荷； 地表可利用水资源量 （包括引黄、南水北调 等跨流域调水量）在满 足生活、生产用水的同 时，保证生态用水，改 变海河与渤海湾生态质 量。 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Lower the value of farmland comprehensive ET, and control ET under allowing water consumption. Reduce groundwater overdraft to zero and adapt to achieve a balance between exploiting and recharging. Reduce the volume of sewage into rivers within pollutant carrying capacity to meet water quality requirements ， Reduce the pollutant load into Bohai sea 。 Available surface water resources (including Yellow River diversion, the south-to-north water transfer project) to meet the life and production, at the same time ensure ecological need and change the ecological quality of the Hai River and Bohai Bay. 综合管理达到的目标 Expected Targets of IWEM
- 16. 16 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 在 GEF 海河项目 实施期内，提出 2020 年流域水资源水环境 综合管理战略行动计 划（ SAP ）和若干重 点区域的水资源水环 境综合管理规划目标 ，项目结束时，即 2010 年，在项目区能 首先至少完成 2020 年 目标的 10% 任务量。 In Hai River GEF Project period, it has put forward Strategic Action Plan (SAP) of 2020 Basin Water Resources and Environment Integrated Management and the objectives of some key areas. By the end of project, in 2010, at least 10% of the tasks in 2020 will be completed in project areas.
- 17. 17 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 3 、项目组成 III Components of the Project 水资源与水环境综合 管理。这部分内容由战 略研究（ 8 项）、综合 管理规划和战略行动计 划 (16IWEMPs 、 2SAPs) 、示范项目建设（ 4 项）构成。 知识管理（ KM ）开 发和遥感监测 ET 系统 建设及 ET 管理。 Integrated Water and Environment Management. There are three components, including strategic studies(8items), IWEMPs in pilot counties and SAP(16IWEMPs,2SAPs), demonstration subprojects (4items). Development of knowledge Management (KM) and Remote Sensing Monitoring ET System Building and ET Management,
- 18. 18 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 天津市滨海新区污水管理 ，结合天津市世行贷款环境 二期项目（ TUEDP ）实施 4 项内容：小城镇废污水处 理的财政激励机制及管理的 支持、大沽排污河整治技术 援助、大沽排污河两岸工业 污染源控制行动、天津市滨 海新区污水管理研究。 项目管理和培训，主要包 括各级项目办项目管理支持 能力建设、国际咨询专家组 技术援助活动、国内外培训 考察、项目监测评价以及运 行管理等内容。 Tianjin Municipality Coast New District Wastewater Management, Cooperating with the Tianjin Municipality World Bank Loan Environment Project, there are 4Ⅱ Items: Tianjin municipality small cities wastewater treatment financial incentives and management support, Dagu pollution drainage treatment technical assistance, Dagu catchment industrial pollution control, Tianjin Municipality Coast Wastewater Management Study. Project Management and Training, mainly including project management capability building of project management offices at different level, technical assistant of International Expert Group, domestic and oversea training and study tour, project monitoring and evaluation, and project operation management.
- 19. 19 GeneraltechnicalframeworkandinteractionGeneraltechnicalframeworkandinteraction 8 SS Laws, policy and institutions SS1:Comprehensive management, policy and regulation and institutional reform at national level Ecological environment needs SS2 ： Bohai Sea - Hai Basin interactions SS3 ： Basin Ecological restoration Water Resources Rationalization & Efficient Water Utilization SS4 ： Basin Water Saving and Efficient Water Use SS5 ： Sustainable Groundwater exploitation and Management SS6 ： Wastewater and Polluted Water Reuse Pollution control SS7 ： Water Pollution Control and Management, Industrial Structure Adjustment Impact of South-North Water Transfer (SNWT) SS8 ： BJ water resources Rationalization after SNWT RS-ET System KM （ IWEM Model ） Demonstration projects 1 ） BJ agriculture real water saving ； 2 ） HB water right and well permit ； 3 ） Dezou ecology restoration ； 4 ） County level water pollution control TJ coastal wastewater management Beijing, Hebei Pilot Counties IWEMPs - Local Demonstration study support Tianjin City & County IWEMPs － Special Study Support Water Quantity / Groundwater Water Quality / Rural & Urban Point Pollution Rural wastewater reuse / Water environment restoration Zhangweinan Sub-basin SAP/ Demonstration County IWEMPs Sub-basin demonstration support Hai Basin IWEM Strategic Action Plan GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project Providing data, knowledge & analysis methods Providing knowledge & analysis tool Provideinformationandanalysismethods ProvidemanagementTool Provideanalysistool Provide analysis tool Provide information and analysis methods Providemanagementconceptand measures Provideapprovedresults Provide management concept and measures Provide experiment output Providemanagementplan
- 20. 20 项目计划总投资为 3332 万美元，其中 GEF 赠款 1700 万美元 ，国内配套资金 1632 万美元。拟分为两个阶 段实施投资计划。 项目的准备期为 2002 年 7 月－ 2003 年 12 月 ，项目执行期为 2004 － 2010 年，其中第一 阶段为 2004 － 2007 年 ，第二阶段为 2008 － 2010 年。 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 4 、实施计划 IV Implementation Plan The planed total investment for the project is 33,320,000 USD, of which, the grant of GEF is 17,000, 000 USD and the counterpart funds is 16,320,000 USD. This planed investment is to be decided into two stages. The preparation period for the project is from July 2002 to December 2003, implementation period is from 2004 to 2010, of which 2004-2007 is the first stage and 2008-2010 is the second stage.
- 21. 21 建立“自上而下” 和“自下而上”的 合作机制 最大程度地进 行横向和纵向的 结合 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 5 、项目特点 V The Characters of the Project To Establish the Cooperation Mechanism of Top-Down and Bottom-Up To have Maximum Incorporation of Horizontal and Vertical Integration
- 22. 22 引入遥感监测 ET 技术并应用于水资源 管理 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Introducing Remote Sensing Monitoring ET Technique and Applying to Water Resources Management
- 23. 23 采用知识管理 （ KM ）的科学手 段进行水资源与水 环境综合管理 Performing IWEM by scientific means of Knowledge Management System (KM) GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China
- 24. 24 行 业 部 门 领 导 高 度 关 注 ， 部 门 间 合 作 机 制 初 步 建立 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 6 、采取行动 VI Activities Leaders of MWR and SEPA paid close attention on the project, cooperation mechanism between sections has been established.
- 25. 25 水利、环保等 部门合作共同编 制综合管理规划 与战略行动计划 建立水资源与 水环境综合管理 信息共享平台及 联合发布机制 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Integrated water and environment management plan （ IWEMPs ） and Strategic Action plan (SAP) have being made corporately by water sector, environment sector and the correlative sectors) . Established shared information platform of integrate water and environment management.
- 26. 26 构 建 了 项 目 区 IWEM 的 监 测 评 价 体 系，基本完成项目基 线调查和 2002-2005 年不同尺寸精度的遥 感监测 ET 数据生成 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Established IWEM monitor and evaluation (M&E) system in project areas, project baseline survey and remote sensing monitor ET data producing in different dimension precision were primarily accomplished.
- 27. 27 天津市大沽排污河整治 和 小 城 镇 污 水 处 理 厂 建 设 运 营 模 式 国 际 技 术 援 助 取 得重大进展。 天津市开展了大沽河污 染 整 治 技 术 研 究 ， 现 就 河 道 清 淤 、 淤 泥 卫 生 填 埋 、 临 时 填 埋 场 、 污 染 管 理 规 划 开 展 了 大 量 工 作 ， 取 得 实质性进展。同时，结合 TUEDP 项目选择汉沽区营 城污水处理厂进行 DBO 的 建 设 与 运 营 模 式 研 究 ， 也 取 得 重 大 进 展 ， 探 索 了 小 城 镇 污 水 处 理 厂 建 设 与 运 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Da Gu canal rehabilitation project and small town waster water treatment building and operation within international TA in Tianjin city have made much headway. Dredging, sediment Landfill, temporary storage of sediment, pollution management planing is being carried out well in Dagu canal rehabilitation project. At the same time, Hangu Yingcheng waster water treatment plant within DBO management & operation model is being carried out in Hangu waster water management project. It provides a new management idea in small town waste water treatment plant building and operation.
- 28. 28 开 展社 区 驱动发 展 （ CDD ） 试 点 ，推进节水型社会 建设 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Developing Community Driven Development (CDD) and pushing forward the building of water saving society ET (plantation) ET （integration） wheat corn cotton wheat corn cotton 2003 680mm 585mm 1.3kg/m3 1.5kg/m3 0.12kg/m3 400kg/mu 420kg/mu 160kg/mu 2005 608mm 547mm 1.6kg.m3 1.9kg/m3 0.16kg/m3 480kg/mu 510kg/mu 230kg/mu contrast 72mm- 38mm- 0.3kg/m3+ 0.4kg/m3+ 0.04kg/m3+ 80kg/mu 90kg/mu 70kg/mu ET(consumption) water productivity yield year Primary outcomes in water saving and yield increasing (Shou Shansi township, Guantao county, Hebei Province)
- 29. 29 广 泛 开 展 技 术 培 训 与 研 讨 ， 推 动 技 术 交 流 与 合 作 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China Technical trainings were carried out to promote the technical communion and cooperation.
- 30. 30 GEF Hai Basin IWEM Project in China 7 、项目经验 VII Experiences 1. 政府主导，利 益相关者参与 ； 2. 水量水质综合 管理，陆地与 海洋统筹规划 ； 3. 密切部门间信 息共享与交流 达到预期目标应该： For reaching targets it should be: 1. Leading by government and stakeholders participating, 2. Integrated water quantity and quality management, Basin management and Sea management plan as a whole, 3. Closely exchange and share of information between correlative sectors
Editor's Notes
- My report has benn divided into 7 parts, Background, Objectives and components of this project, Implementation plan, Characters of this project, actions and outcomes.
- Bohai Sea is one of the water bodies in the world which have great ecological significance but are seriously threatened by pollution. It provides important fishery resources to China, Japan, South Korea and North Korea. As well as it is a breeding area for fish and shell of Yellow Sea. From the ecological point of view, Bohai is a large shallow gulf of Yellow Sea. Yellow Sea is continental shallow sea of the Northwest Pacific. It fully shows the global significance of Bohai Sea from the relationship of geography and biology.
- There are more than 40 rivers flowing into Bohai such as Yellow River, Hai River, Luanhe River and Liaohe River. The average annual runoff of these rivers is about 79.2 billion cubic meters. With the development of Bohai-rim cities, industry, agriculture and stock raising, land-based sources of pollution bring a serious impact to the ecological environment of Bohai Sea. On the same time, fresh water flowing into the Bohai Sea is decreasing and the Bohai Sea ecosystem functions is being weakened because of the obvious contradiction between the supply and demand of water . Two main environment issues that Bohai Sea faced are: The land-based pollutants load into Bohai is large, especially the inorganic nitrogen. The flux of freshwater into Bohai sea reduces rapidly, that impacts heavily on the coastwise ecological system. Hai basin is an important basin which drain to Bohai Sea and covers Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other five provinces . This area is the economical, political and cultural center of China. Hai basin freshwater flux is approximately 19.5 billion m3, occupies of about 22% of amount of flow in Bohai Sea.
- The Chinese Government has already started to control water pollution and improve water resources management of the river basin. In recent years, the following documents of “Blue Bohai Sea Action Plan”, “Water pollution Prevention and Control Plan of Hai River Basin”, “Integrated Water Utilization Plan of Hai River Basin”, “Overall Plan of Water Transfer Project from South to North” ,etc. have been worked out one after another and are under implementation. Bohai coastal area pollutant resource have been controlled step by step, the environment in coastal area have been improved as before. Meanwhile, with the efforts of related departments of the Chinese Government and supports of the World Bank, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) grant financed "Integrated Water and Environment Management in Hai River Basin". The project aims at improving integrated water resources and environmental management, reducing water pollution, thus improving water quality of Bohai Sea.
- In September 2004, the project overall went to implement.
- Hai River basin is on the west of Bohai Sea. The total area of this basin is 318,000 km2, accounting for 3.3% of Chinese land area.
- The total arable land is 10.7 million ha, and irrigation area is 7.3million ha. The main crops are wheat, barley, maize, sorghum, rice, cotton, hemps, beet and tobacco, ect. The population in the basin account for 10% of total population of the nation，the GDP of the region account for 12% of the national GDP，the farming land of the Basin account for 9.0% of the national farming land area and total production of grain account for 10% in China.
- In Hai Basin the annual average precipitation is 535mm. In a year, the flood season (June-October) precipitation accounts for about 70-85% of annual, and the maximum annual precipitation is 2.2 times the minimum. In the basin per capita water resources is 300m3, Per ha farmland water resources 230 m3. The quantity of water resources per person and farmland in Hai River basin is the lowest compared with the other major river basins in China.
- The total sewage discharge of the basin is 4.8 billion ton in 2004. The waste water discharged from the industrial and construction accounted for 63.2% of the total. The waste water discharged from urban residents accounted for 22.3%. The waste water discharged from third industrial accounted for 14.5%. So far, the entire basin sewage treatment capacity doesn’t reach 50% of the total amount of waste water.
- In Hai basin, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is obvious and lack of effective control sewage discharge. So that induced a series of ecological environment problems. According to the statistics, it excessively extracted of groundwater average 4 billion m3 every year up to now. More than 60% inspected river reaches has been severely polluted. And the wetland area in Hai River basin has been reduced from 9 thousand km2 to 1 thousand km2 during 1950s to now. Statistics shows that during 1956 to 1980 about 19.5 billion m3 water flowed into the Bohai Sea every year, but less than 5 billion m3 annual average water flowed into Bohai Sea from 1984 to 2004.
- In oder to solve above mentioned problems, the Overall objective of this project is：To promote integrated water and environment management of Hai basin, to realize rational configuration of water resources, to increase the utilization efficiency and benefits of water, to rehabilitate ecological system, to effectively solve the issue of water shortage, to reduce pollution to the Bohai Sea and to really improve the environment quality of Hai basin and Bohai Sea.
- the concrete objectives are as follows: To establish an integrated water and environment management system which suits to the characteristic of Haihe River basin, including the integrated management system based on water rights theory, total pollutants control, compensation policies for the upper stream and down stream, water price policy, sewage license, ground water management, water saving and sewage water reuse. To decide the mode pilot plans of integrated water resources utilization and pollution control of key regions, including encouraging measures for industrial restructuring, pilot of sewage water treatment plants of small cities, reusing of treated sewage water, agricultural restructuring and management of ground water sustainable utilization. To strengthen the development capability of Knowledge Management (KM) of the Hai Basin, establish a remote sensing monitoring ET system center, share and communicate the information of water resource and environment between water resource and environment sectors and put ET control and management in practice in the whole basin.
- 4. According to the demand of new concepts and methods of integrated management, identify projects of water resources managements, water environment control and demonstration plan in key areas. The projects include the Irrigation "true saving" and the ET, the readjustment of the agricultural structure and the sustainable use of ground water management, the measures of industrial restructuring, small urban sewage treatment plants demonstration and pollution control. To build of sewage treatment plants and approaches their operational modes of medium and small sized cities. To support the establishment of policy framework and system building of integrated water and environment management of the state level.
- Through integrated water resources and environment management in Hai basin will finally reach the targets as follows: 1. Lower the value of farmland comprehensive ET, and control ET under allowing water consumption. 2. Reduce groundwater overdraft to zero and adapt to achieve a balance between exploiting and recharging. 3. Reduce the volume of sewage into rivers within pollutant carrying capacity to meet water quality requirements，Reduce the pollutant load into Bohai sea。 4. make Available surface water resources (including Yellow River diversion, the south-to-north water transfer project) to meet the life and production, at the same time ensure ecological need and change the ecological quality of the Hai River and Bohai Bay.
- In the implementation period of Hai River GEF Project, it will put forward Strategic Action Plan (SAP) of Integrated Basin Water Resources and Environment Management up to 2020 and confirm the concrete objectives and tasks. By the end of project, in 2010, at least 10% of the objectives of 2020 will be completed in project areas.
- The concrete contents include the following aspects: Integrated water and environment management : it contents of three parts, 8 Strategic studies, (National level：There are 2, including related policies, regulations and administrations of management and Bohai integrated water and environment management. Hai basin level：There are 5, including：on protection and management countermeasures of ecological system； water saving and high efficient use of water; sustainable development of groundwater, water rights and well drilling license management; polluted water or wastewater reuse; water pollutant programming management and industrial policy modification. Beijing Municipality：on a rational allocation of water resources after the implementation of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. Integrated water and environment management plan(integrated management plan for 16 key-counties, 1 Strategic action plan of Zhangweinan subbasin and 1 strategic action plan of whole Hai Basin), and 4 Pilot projects. Establishment of development capability of knowledge management (KM) of Haihe River basin integrated water and environment management and Establishment of Remote Sensing ET Monitoring System Center of Haihe River basin integrated water and environment management .
- 3. Support for sewage and waste water treatment in the newly-developed Districts along the seashore of Tianjing Municipality. Tianjin Municipality Coast New District Wastewater Management, Cooperating with the Tianjin Municipality World Bank Loan Environment Ⅱ Project. 4. Project management and training, mainly including project management support capability building of project management offices at different level, technical assistant of International Expert Group, domestic and oversea training and study tour, project monitoring and evaluation, and project operation management.
- The planed total investment for the project is 33,320,000 USD, of which, the grant of GEF is 17,000, 000 USD and the counterpart funds is 16,320,000 USD. This planed investment is to be decided into two stages. The preparation period for the project is from July 2002 to December 2003, implementation period is from 2004 to 2010, of which 2004-2007 is the first stage and 2008-2010 is the second stage. In the first stage is: to carry out strategic studies, to draw out the (IWEMP) PLANs, strategic action plan of Zhangweinan subbasin, put forward the priority actions, Those plans and SAPs should be approved by government. In the second stage is mainly to implement the planded priority actions, and perfect the IWEMPs and SAPs, draw out the strategic action plan of Hai Basin.
- 1. To Establish the Cooperation Mechanism of Top-Down and Bottom-Up .The project was prepared incorporating the basic concept that integrated water and environment management (IWEM) is both a top-down and bottom-up set of activities. Top-down activities include establishing laws, policies, regulations standards and water allocations. Bottom-up activities include working with the counties (and the townships, villages and individual water users) in the planning and implementation of IWEM actions, including water rights and well permit administration and enforcement, discharge control, industrial restructuring, real water savings measures, wastewater treatment, treated effluent reuse, etc. 2. To have Maximum Incorporation of Horizontal and Vertical Integration . Horizontal integration includes cross-sectoral cooperation and coordination of actions between water resources and environmental protection sectors, as well as others including agriculture and construction ministries/bureaus. Vertical integration includes direct linking and constant interaction between the Central and Hai Basin component activities and the ZWN subbasin, Tianjin municipality and counties, Beijing municipality and counties, and Hebei province and counties activities.
- ET is the most important water consumption and the basis for agriculture irrigation management. The target for water saving in agriculture is to increase the agricultural output while reduce ET value. The key linkage of water saving and high efficiency use in the Haihe River basin is ET management. To establish remote sensing ET monitoring system (ETMS) in Hai basin, estimate ET value of plain area in the basin by using satellite data and observed weather data and form ET distribution map. To monitor ET by using remote sensing technology provide scientific basis for effective control and management water resources and environment of Hai basin and provide ways and means for increasing management level of basin water resources planning.
- Knowledge management (KM) is the process of using departments’ intelligence and knowledge property to create values. It includes knowledge accumulation, knowledge share and knowledge exchange. The project of KM system of river basin integrated water and environment management will be studied and developed at Haihe River basin level through full cooperation of Haihe River Conservancy Commission of MWR and SEPA. It will be popularized and applied in 16 key counties/districts and Zhangweinan Canal sub basin, Tianjin Municipality, Beijing Municipality and Hebei Province. It can provide a shared platform and means for water quality and quantity management of river basin and regional water resources management.
- Established Project Steering Committee and Joint PMOs between water sector and environment protection sector at all levels. Leaders of MWR and SEPA paid close attention on the project, cooperation mechanism between sections has been established. The minister of MWR Wang Shucheng, vice minister Zai Haohui, and the vice minister of SEPA Zhang Lijun, all of them made important opinion for GEF Hai Project to strongly promotes project developing. Now, the cooperation mechanism between water conservancy sector and environment protection sector has been established. At the same time, in project implementation, the working model of integrated water and environment management (IWEM) has been established, includes participation of stakeholders, both a top-down and bottom-up activities ect. This model has been agreed and appreciated by government officers, experts and water users. It has came into effect in solving problems of water resources and water environment.
- According to GEF project general design requirement, water sector and environment protection sector jointly organized studies and begun to draw integrated water and environment management plans of Tianjin City and 16 pilot counties, and strategic action plans of Hai Basin and Zhang Weinan sub-basin, cooperated by agriculture, construction, land resources sectors. It is the first one that one plan is drawn jointly by two sectors in China. IWEMPs would not be reports in the bookcase, They will be implemented to improve water resources and water environment management. In drawing of IWEMPs, horizontal and vertical integration were taken, and It encourages stakeholders participation, such as water user association（WUA）, and so on. In order to effectively solve the water and environment problem water sector and environment protection sector will closely cooperated in water management, point and nonpoint sources pollution control, Water-licensing and discharge licensing, information exchanging ect. KM basic information platform includes information exchange system and database share system. Both sectors of water resources and environment protection maintain and support the system data together. It will provide technical service and decision supported for integrate water and environment management of Hai basin. At present experts from water resources and environment protection work together for establishment of Hai Basin KM system.
- project monitor and evaluation(M&E) is important to strengthen GEF Hai basin project management. Now, the management information system(MIS) has been developed successfully and used in project. It increases the project management efficiency. CPMO and PMOs at all levels established project M&E groups. M&E groups in PMOs at all levels carried out M&E according to united arrangement and standard. Presently, M&E system has been established in essence, and baseline survey report has been accomplished.
- In implementation of GEF project, up to now, 19 WUAs in five project counties of Hebei province have been established and 12 WUAs have been established in Tianjin project area and 5 WUAs have been established in Beijing project area. The bottom-up developing model of WUA and CDD have been advocated and adopted in the project area of Hebei province, Tianjin municipal and Beijing municipal. Demonstration projects addressing water rights management, well permit system, development, utilization and management of groundwater in brackish area in Guantao and Cheng-an counties of Hebei Province have carried out. It carried out integrated water saving measures and irrigation participation management of WUA. They strengthened water using management in different sectors, rural and urban areas. The groundwater development and application were effectively controlled. and regional integrated ET value (net consumption) reduced. It ensured the sustainable utilization of water resources and sustainable social and economic development objectives. The data of the table shows that the water consumption is reduced and the yield is increased.
- After project started, PMOs at all levels organized more than 50 training workshops. There are 4800 persons of technicians, managers and farmers from basin(sub basin), province(city), county(city, district) who have been trained. More than 30 study tours , More than 480 persons participated in these study tours. International consultant assistance group came to the project for 5 times to promote implementation of the project. There were 6 delegations for oversea training and study tour to Germany, Switzerland, America, Canada to study integrated water and environment management, and technology of water resources management based ET management. Through trainings and workshops at different levels, project concept is promoted to be understood in different level. From the training, study tour and consultation, technicians and managers who participated got new ideas and understood new trend and technical measures in international integrated water and environment management. It makes a good foundation for project implement.