Lesson 2, GCSE Humanities, WJEC

1. Population Clock
How many people are there in the
world NOW?

2. Learning Objectives
• You will understand these key concepts:
Population change, birth and death rates, the
demographic cycle, using the correct key
terms.
• You should be able to describe how different
factors influence population size
• You may be able to give specific examples of
countries at different stages of the
demographic cycle

3. What factors influence Diseases
birth & death rates?
like
malaria,
tuberculosi
s, cholera
Several religions
Better roads and and typhoid
encourage big
communications can cause
Women have a better families
mean that food many
education now and
and emergency deaths.
careers. They have less
services can reach
time for a family and
all areas of the
have fewer children
country, so fewer
No wonder so many
people die.
babies are born –
Improved medical there’s no family
care and more planning or birth
doctors and control available.
nurses produce
Parents want to buy lower death rates.
things for their So many children die
children, so they have before they are 5
a small family and can years old that
Few doctors and
spend their money on parents have lots of
hospitals mean that
just 1 or 2 children. babies in the hope
even simple injuries
that at least some
and illnesses can kill.
will survive.
Poor farmers need
lots of children to
A big family is a
Clean water and help them work the
kind of insurance
proper sewage land and help earn
policy, making sure
systems keep money.
that there are
people healthy
children and
grandchildren to
look after you
when you are old.

4. Influence birth or death rates?
Increase
Clean water and
proper sewage
systems keep
or
people healthy
decrease?
So many children
die before they are
5 years old that
Why?
parents have lots of
babies in the hope
that at least some
will survive.

5. Factors influencing population
growth
Birth rate Death rate
Impact on population
size
increase
decrease

7. World map by population size

8. World map by number of Births

9. • Notice how Japan, Europe and the US
shrinks?
More children are born each year in
Africa than are born in the Americas, all
of Europe and Japan put together.
Worldwide, more than a third of a million
new people will be born on your birthday
this year.

10. How have population growth
patterns changed?

11. Stages
• Stage 1
Birth rate and death rate are high - low natural
increase - low total population
• Stage 2
Birth rate is high - death rate is falling - high natural
increase (population growth)
• Stage 3
• Falling birth rate - low death rate - high natural
increase (population growth)
• Stage 4
Birth rate and death rate is low - low natural increase
- high total population

12. ILA
• Stick your copy of the demographic
transition model onto a double page in
your book.
• Use the links on the blog.to annotate/
explain what the model is showing
• The web address for the blog is
http//geographylost.blogspot.com or
‘google’ geographylost.