3. History in Ecuador Inca Empire Colonization Independence Liberal Revolution War with Peru Military Governments Return to Democracy
4. Inca Empire Ecuador became a part of Inca Empire in 1463. The empire was ruled by Huayna Capac. When Capac died empire was divided between his two sons Atahualpa and Huascar. In 1530 Atahualpa defeated his brother and controlled the entire empire. Atahualpa was captured by the Spanish and put to death for the death of his brother.
6. Colonization Disease killed many indigenous people during the first decades of Spanish rule. Quinto became the administrative district in 1563. In 1809 Quinto had the first call for independence from Spain. The call for independence in Ecuador inspired the rest of Spanish America to follow.
8. Independence In 1820 Guayaquil is the first city to gain independence from Spain. Antonio Jose de Surce defeats Spanish Royal forces and the rest of Ecuador becomes independent. First president of Ecuador Juan Jose Flores. In late 19th century there began a demand for cocoa and so Ecuador was tied to the agricultural frontier.
10. Liberal Revolution Reduced power of the clergy and conservation land owners of the highlands. During the 1930’s and 1940’s the populist politicians marked instability and emergence.
11. War with Peru Who had control over the Amazon basin. Peru launched an invasion into the Ecuadorian province of El Oro. After the pressure of the U.S. and other Latin American nations all fighting came to a stop. In 1972 the Andean pipeline was created. Ecuador and Peru reached an agreement in October 1998. Final border demarcation was effected on May 13, 1999.
13. Military Governments In 1972 the military junta overthrew the government. The president was exiled to Argentina. The civil society called for democratic elections. Government Minister proposed a plan to return to the constitutional system. The elected president was able to assume the duties of the executive office.
14. Return to Democracy Government was committed to improving human rights. Deliver land reform, lower unemployment, and provision of social services. Military is in charge of public order and suspended civil liberty.
17. Cuisine Three course; soup, rice and protein, dessert. Dinner is light consisting of coffee/tea with bread. Coastal regions are more popular to serve seafood. The Amazon region many fruits are available.
19. Literature Influenced by the Spanish Golden Age. Jacinto Collahuazzo, an indigenous, was a writer born in the late 1600’s During Colonial times Eugenio Espejo was the main author of the fist newspaper in Ecuador. Many novelists and poets also emerged from Ecuador.
21. Art Art tendencies such as Ecuador Quitena developed from the 16th to 18th centuries. The indigenous people of Tigua, Ecuador are also known for their tradicional paintings.
