1. INFORMATION SYSTEMS DATABASE MANAGEMENT (PART 2) Prepared by: Jan Wong

2. The Learning Outcomes Identify the differences between databases Explain how you can interactwith web databases Discuss the responsibilities of web analysts and administrators

4. Backup and log

5. Recovery utility

6. Data model

7. Relational database

8. Relationship

9. Structured Query Language

10. Object Oriented Database

11. Data Warehouse

12. Web Database

14. Recovery Utility Uses logs and/or backups to restore database when it is damaged or destroyed 2 types: Rollforward— DBMS uses log to re-enter changes made to database since last save or backup Also called forward recovery Rollback — DBMS uses log to undo any changes made to database during a certain period of time Also called backward recovery

15. Data Model Rules and standards that define how database organizes data Defines how users view organization of data Four popular data models Relational Object-oriented Object-relational Multidimensional

16. Stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns Each row has primary key Each column has unique name Stores data relationships – how data relates to each other What is a relationship? Connection within data Uses Structured Query Language (SQL) Data Models: Relational Database

17. Structured Query Language (SQL) Allows you to manage, update, and retrieve data Has special keywords and rules included in SQL statements How to interact with Databases SQL statement SQL statement results

18. Stores data in objects Object: Items that contains data, as well as actions that read or process data Images, hyperlinks, videos, scripts, etc Advantage: Can store more types of data Can access data faster Uses Object Query Language (OQL) Data Models: Object Oriented Database

19. Multimedia databases Hypertext databases Hypermedia databases Web databases Store images, audio clips, and/or video clips Contain text links to other documents Contain text, graphics, video, and sound Link to e-form on Web page Groupware databases Store documents such as schedules, calendars, manuals, memos, and reports Computer-aided design (CAD) databases Store data about engineering, architectural, and scientific designs Object Oriented Databases Examples of applications appropriate for an object-oriented database:

20. Multi-dimensional Database Stores data in dimensions Multiple dimensions, also called hypercube, allow users to analyze any view of data Can consolidate data much faster than relational database It also allows more complex queries

22. Quick and efficient way to access large amounts of data

23. Often uses a process called data mining to find patterns and relationships among data

24. Uses multidimensional databases

26. Database Admin-istration What are the guidelines for developing a database? Determine the purpose of the database Design the tables Design tables on paper first Each table should contain data about onesubject Design the records and fields for each table Be sure every record has a unique primary key Use separate fields for logically distinct items Do not create fields for information that can be derived from entries in other fields Allow enough space for each field Set default values for frequently entered data Determine the relationships between tables

27. Database Admin-istration What is the role of a DA and DBA? Database Analyst (DA) Focuses on meaning and usage of data Decides proper placement of fields, defines relationships, and identifies users’ access privileges Database Administrator (DBA) Creates and maintains data dictionary, manages database security, monitors database performance, and checks backup and recovery procedures

28. Questions, anyone?

29. Chapter 3: Information System Development