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Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays
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Interpretation of musculoskeletal x rays
1.
Interpretation of Musculoskeletal
X- rays Jatinder S. Luthra
2.
Skeletal condition •
Fractures • Osteomyelitis • Structural anomalies • Degenerative joint conditions
3.
Rule of Two •
Two views - AP and Lateral • Two joints – joint above and below • Two occasions – repeat x- rays • Two limbs – Compare
4.
•
Patient details • Date of exam. • Side – Rt./Lt. – Marker • Exposure • Whole area covered – Joint above and below • Two views • Abnormalities
5.
• Bone
Regularity Break in intact Cortex • Joint integrity – Fractures Joint congruency Air • Soft tissue location, pattern, joint Fracture body Foreign extends into deformity. Damage/ degenreration Swelling Density
6.
7.
Description of fracture
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Bone and joint
alignment
17.
Joint space
18.
Bone Texture
19.
Soft Tissue Anomaly
20.
Bone Anatomy
21.
Joint Anatomy
22.
Cortical outline
23.
Two views
24.
Compare normal
25.
Look for unexpected
26.
Artefacts
27.
Transverse fracture
28.
Oblique
29.
Spiral
30.
Sagittal
31.
Compare with old
X- rays
32.
Multidirectional
33.
Comminuted
34.
Butterfly Fragment
35.
Segmental
36.
Shortening
37.
Angulation and Rotation
38.
Distraction and impaction
39.
Pathological fracture -
Osteoporosis
40.
Pathological fracture –
Multiple myeloma MOTH EATEN APPEARANCE
41.
Pathological fracture –
Benign lesion GEOGRAPHICAL MARGIN
42.
Avulsion Farcture
43.
Stress Fracture
44.
Periprosthetic fracture
45.
Fracture Mimics
46.
Fracture Mimics
47.
Fracture Mimics
48.
Fracture Mimics- Vascular
markings
49.
Fracture Mimics
50.
Foreign Body
51.
Needle
52.
Needle
53.
Clavicle
54.
Acromioclavicular Joint
55.
Shoulder - Normal
56.
Shoulder – Anterior
Dislocation
57.
Shoulder – Posterior
Dislocation BULB SIGN
58.
Scapula - Normal
59.
Scapula - Fracture
60.
Humerus Fracture
61.
Elbow - Normal
(10 year old)
62.
Elbow - Normal
(Lateral)
63.
Elbow - Subtle
Fracture
64.
Elbow – Supracondylar
fracture
65.
Elbow - Dislocation
66.
Wrist – Colle’s
Fracture
67.
Wrist – Smith’s
Fracture
68.
Wrist – Comminuted
Fracture
69.
Monteggia Fracture
70.
Greenstick Fracture
71.
Torus Fracture
72.
Wrist - Normal
73.
Scaphoid Fracture
74.
Trapezium Fracture
75.
Wrist normal view
76.
Scapholunate dissociation
77.
Wrist dislocation
78.
Cervical spine –
Lateral view
79.
Cervical spine –
Lateral view
80.
Cervical spine –
Lateral view
81.
Cervical spine –
AP view
82.
Cervical spine –
Open mouth view
83.
Cervical spine –
Open mouth view ( Rotated view)
84.
Cervical spine –
Swimmer’sview
85.
C1 Fracture
86.
C2 – Odontoid
Fracture
87.
C2 – Odontoid
Fracture
88.
C2 – Hangman
Fracture
89.
C2 - Teardrop
fracture
90.
C2 - Teardrop
fracture
91.
Cervical Spine –
Facet dislocation (Lateral view)
92.
Cervical Spine –
Facet dislocation (AP view)
93.
Cervical spine –
prevertebral space
94.
Cervical spine –
spinous fracture
95.
Thoracic spine -
Normal
96.
Thoracic spine -
Normal
97.
Thoracic spine -
Normal
98.
Lumbar spine –
Normal view
99.
Lumbar spine –
Normal view
100.
Lumbar spine –
Normal view
101.
Lumbar spine –
Normal view
102.
Lumbar spine –
Three Coloumn
103.
Lumbar spine –
Three Coloumn
104.
Lumbar spine –
Compression Fracture
105.
Lumbar spine –
Compression Fracture
106.
Lumbar spine –
Burst Fracture
107.
Lumbar spine –
Burst Fracture
108.
Lumbar spine –
Chance’s Fracture
109.
Lumbar spine –
Chance’s Fracture
110.
Osteoporotic fracture
111.
Osteoporotic fracture
112.
Fracture transverse fracture
113.
Spinous process fracture
114.
Pelvis X-ray -
Normal
115.
Pelvis X-ray –
Pubic ramus fracture
116.
Pelvis X-ray –
Acetabular fracture
117.
Pelvis X-ray -
Diastasis
118.
Pelvis X-ray –
ASIS avulsion
119.
Sacrum- Normal
120.
Sacral Fracture
121.
Hip - Normal
122.
Hip - Normal
123.
Hip - Normal
124.
Hip – Intracapsular
fracture
125.
Hip – Intertrochanter
fracture
126.
Hip – Subtrochanter
fracture
127.
Hip - Dislocation
128.
Femur fracture
129.
Pathological fracture
130.
Knee - Normal
131.
Knee - Normal
132.
Knee - Normal
133.
Fracture Tibial plateau
134.
Fracture Tibial plateau
135.
Patella Fracture
136.
Patella Dislocation
137.
Fabella
138.
Bipartite Patella
139.
Tibia and fibula
fracture
140.
Tibial Stress fracture
141.
Toddler’s fracture
142.
Ankle - Normal
143.
Ankle - Normal
144.
Ankle - Normal
145.
Lateral malleolus fracture
146.
Bimalleolar Fracture
147.
Bimalleolar Fracture
148.
Osteochondral fracture
149.
Calcaneal fracture
150.
Foot - Normal
151.
Lisfranc Farcture
152.
Fracture 5th metatarsal
153.
Osteosarcoma
154.
Aneurysmal bone cyst
155.
Osteochondroma
156.
Osteopetrosis
157.
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