BIOCHEMICALS EFFECTS OF TOXIC CHEMICLAS

1. BIOCHEMICALS EFFECTS OF
TOXIC CHEMICLAS
SUBMITTED TO- SARLA DEVI
SUBMITTED BY- ARJUN
11107011

2. What is Toxicity?
Toxicity is the potential of a chemical to induce an adverse effect
in a living organism
Toxicity is the degree to which a substance can damage an
organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism,
such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a
substructure of the organism, such as acell (cytotoxicity) or an
organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). By extension, the word
may be metaphorically used to describe toxic effects on larger
and more complex groups, such as the family unit or society at
large.

3. There are generally three
types of toxic entities
1.Chemical
2.Biological
3.Physical

4. Chemical toxicants
include inorganic substances such
as lead, mercury, asbestos, hydrofluoric
acid, and chlorine gas, organic
compounds such asmethyl alcohol, most
medications, and poisons from living
things.

5. Biological toxicants
include bacteria and viruses that can induce disease in living
organisms. Biological toxicity can be difficult to measure
because the "threshold dose" may be a single organism.
Theoretically one virus, bacterium or worm can reproduce
to cause a serious infection. However, in a host with an
intact immune system the inherent toxicity of the organism
is balanced by the host's ability to fight back; the effective
toxicity is then a combination of both parts of the
relationship. A similar situation is also present with other
types of toxic agents.

6. Physical toxicants
are substances that, due to their physical nature,
interfere with biological processes. Examples
include coal dust and asbestos fibers, both of
which can ultimately be fatal if inhaled.

7. SOURCES OF TOXIC CHEMICALS
•Chlorine in water in which you shower, bathe & swim, drinking water, cleaning
supplies such as bleach, "white" flour, sugar products and more!
•
Plastic chemicals leach into your body from water bottles, drink and food containers,
packaged foods, pacifiers, diapers, kid's sippie cups, some dance and gymnastics
clothing, other clothes, dental and sports mouth guards, lining of canned foods, lawn
furniture, garden hose, vinyl toys and flooring, shower curtains, extension cords,
some food wraps, and more!
•
Formaldehyde is a byproduct of the chemical that is in diet anything, new building
material, nail polish, most vaccines, carpets and more! *note (DIET means they take
out the sugar and replace it with another toxic, cancer-causing chemical - sugar is
actually the lesser of the 2 evils!) Drink water - see Hydration Section.
•
Food Dyes and Colors is in packaged foods, sports drinks, candy, kid's "fruit" and
"juice" products, and more! If a product can stain a tongue or the floor when
applied, why are we consuming them?

8. • Pesticides are found in our commercial foods due to fertilizers, herbicides, bugkillers and sprays, commercial produce, anti-bacterial hand sanitizers and soaps, pet
flea collars, flowers from garden, lawn & garden products, and more!
•
Fragrances and Perfumes are in colognes, perfumes, detergents, bathroom sprays,
cleaning products, skincare products that are not natural, and more!
•
Medications themselves and their byproducts, found in over the counter and
prescription meds, anything medicated, band-aids, antacids, steroid or cortisone
creams, anything you buy at a pharmacy or receive from your prescribing doctor. I
legally cannot take anyone off of their prescribed medications, but what I can do is
support your body nutritionally while you take them and you work with your doctor
on weaning off or decreasing your doses while you repair with nutritional therapy.
•
Preservatives found in packaged foods, medications and more! If a real food is
• packaged and set on the shelf, how long should it last? I know several people who
are conducting their own studies, including myself, who have fast food hamburgers
that are over 2 years old, and there is no mold or deterioration on those burgers or
buns. Hmm.

9. • Petroleum Solvents are found in many skincare products, laundry and household
detergents, isopropyl alcohol, any household or occupational product that contains a
"propyl" ingredient, and more
•
Acetates/Acetones are found in nail polish and removers, paint thinners and
removers, and more
•
Dry Cleaning Chemicals form dry cleaners. You can find cleaners who use a nonchemical approach.
•
Exhaust Fumes and Heavy Chemicals from vehicle emissions and chemicals such as
dioxins, toluene, styrene, xylem, found in industrial activities and fires, enter the food
chain and end up in fatty meats, fish and dairy products, and more!
Aluminum is found in antacids, antiperspirants, aluminum cans, kitchen utensils,
paints, dental composites, cookware, and more
•
Arsenic is found in pressure treated wood, wood preservatives, insecticides, wine,
well water, seafood (shellfish), treated lumber, poisons, pigments and more!
Antimony is mainly found in pigments and medications.

10. • Cadmium is found in evaporated milk, shellfish, cigarette smoke, water from
galvanized pipes, sewage sludge, paint, pigments, air pollution and more
•
Chromium is found in dyes, pigments, air pollution, dental crowns, pressure
treated wood, synthetic vitamin supplements, and more
•
Copper is in sewage sludge, copper plumbing, beer, swimming pools, inorganic or
synthetic mineral supplements, dental crowns, copper cookware, and more

11. ROUTE OF TOXIC CHEMICALS

15. Respiratory System Route
Skin: stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Respiratory system: squamous epithelium, cilated
columnar and cuboidal epithelium
Non-keratinized, but cilated tissues and muscussecreting cells provide “mucociliary escalator

16. Nasopharyngeal.
– Nostrils, nasopharynx, oropharynx,
laryngopharynx.
– Hairs and mucus; trap >5 μm particulates.
Tracheobronchial.
– Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles; cillial action.
– Luminal mucus aerosols and gases.
Pulmonary
– Alveoli - high surface area gas exchange with
cardiovascular system.

18. Digestive System Route
Tissue differentiation.
Mucosa
– Avascular, s. squamus or columnar
epithelium.
– In some regions villi and microvilli
structure aids in absorption
(high surface area).
Submucosa
– Blood, lymph system interface.
Muscularis (movement).
Serosa (casing).

19. Integumentary System Route
Skin, hair, nails, mammary glands. Skin is the largest organ in the body.
Epidermis.
– Avascular, keratinized stratum corneum, 1520 cells thick, provides most toxicant protection.
Dermis.
– Highly vascularized; nerve endings, hair
follicles, sweat and oil glands.
Hypodermis.
– Connective and adipose tissue.

20. Storage of toxicants
Accumulation of toxicants in specific tissues.
Binding to plasma proteins.
Albumin most abundant and common binder
Storage in bones.
Heavy metals, like Pb
Storage in liver.
Blood flow, biotransformation
Storage in the kidneys.
Storage in fat.
Lipophilic compounds

24. TOXIC EFFECTS OF HG
Mercury compounds are acutely toxic to freshwater
microorganisms
Freshwater fish show lethal response to mercury in acute
concentrations starting at 30ug/L
The LC50/96-hour values for fish are less than 1 mg/L.
Many aquatic inverts. are very sensitive to mercury (esp.
larvae)
Methyl mercury passes the blood brain-barrier and
nuclear membranes to react directly with cellular and
nuclear components
Accumulation of Hg in the brain, compared to blood and
muscle, is much less is fish than mammals (lack external
barriers and internal detoxification system)

27. HOW HG ENTER FOOD CHAIN

28. COUMPOUNDS OF HG IN USED IN
SEED DRESSING

29. TOXICITY OF Hg DEPENDS UPON ITS
SPEICES

36. Pb CHLEATES

44. METABOLISM OF Cd

45. DEFORMATION IN HUMANS AND
ANIMALS