Data access today isn’t just about reading and writing from relational databases anymore. It’s also about mapping your objects to XML and to JSON for use in RESTful web services. It’s about being able to persist your objects in NoSQL databases and being able to cache them in data grids so you can scale out your application to hundreds of servers. The EclipseLink project is well known as an object-relational mapping framework and as the JPA 2.0 reference implementation in Java EE 6, but it is evolving to provide a comprehensive set of data services for Java developers building enterprise and cloud applications in Java EE, Java SE, and in OSGi. In this session we’ll dive into these new services and see how to build modern enterprise Java applications leveraging EclipseLink both in the back end for data persistence and on the front end to build RESTful services that support HTML5 clients.

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3. The Evolution of Java Persistence
Shaun Smith
shaun.smith@oracle.com
3 @shaunMsmith
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4. Software Evolution
• Computing architecture is constantly evolving:
Mainframe, client/server, web/thin client, mobile/apps, ...
• Current technologies with increasing adoption include:
– Cloud computing
– HTML 5
– NoSQL databases
• Java EE 7 is evolving to address many of these new
requirements
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5. Evolutionary Pressures on Persistence
• Shared Services & Consolidation
– Multitenancy
• Mobile Clients
– JPA-RS
• Scaling/Elastic Capacity
– Data Partitioning
– NoSQL/Big Data/Fast Data
– Grid Caching
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6. EclipseLink Project
• Open Source Eclipse Project
– Founded with contribution of Oracle TopLink to Eclipse
Foundation
• Object-Relational: Java Persistence API (JPA)
– JPA 1.0 part of EJB 3.0 standard (JSR 220)
– JPA 2.0 standardized in JSR 317
– EclipseLink is JPA 2.0 & 2.1 Reference Implementation
• Object-XML: Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB)
– JAXB 2.2 Certified Implementation
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7. MULTITENANCY
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8. Multitenancy
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multitenancy
• Multitenancy refers to a principle in software architecture
where a single instance of the software runs on a server,
serving multiple client organizations (tenants).
• Multitenancy is contrasted with a multi-instance
architecture where separate software instances (or
hardware systems) are set up for different client
organizations.
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9. Application Development and the Cloud
• Past
– Single Tenant or non-Tenant Applications
– Dedicated application instance and database
• Today..Tomorrow
– Support multiple tenants
– Support extensibility (custom fields per tenant)
– Support various deployment architectures
• Dedicated or shared application instances
• Dedicated or shared databases
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10. Multitenant Topologies
Application
Dedicated Shared
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Dedicated
Database
1 2 3 1 2 3
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Shared
1 1
2 2
3 3
Note: Single application deployed to support various MT architectures
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11. Multitenant Topologies
Application
Dedicated Shared
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Dedicated
Database
1 2 3 1 2 3
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Shared
1 1
2 2
3 3
Note: Single application deployed to support various MT architectures
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12. In the beginning…
• Application dedicated for single tenant
• All rows available to all queries
@Entity
public class Player {
PLAYER
ID VERSION F_NAME L_NAME LEAGUE
1 1 John Doe HTHL
2 3 Jane Doe OSL
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13. Multitenant: SINGLE_TABLE
• Simple configuration: Annotation or XML
• Flexible tenant identifier support
• EclipseLink augments generated SQL
@Entity
@Multitenant(SINGLE_TABLE)
@TenantDiscriminatorColumn(name=“league-id”, columnName=“LEAGUE”)
public class Player {
PLAYER
ID VERSION F_NAME L_NAME LEAGUE
1 1 John Doe HTHL
2 3 Jane Doe OSL
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14. Multitenant: TENANT_PER_TABLE
• Simple configuration: Annotation or XML
• EclipseLink queries table based on tentant identifier
@Entity
@Multitenant(TABLE_PER_TENANT)
public class Player {
HTHL.PLAYER
ID VERSION F_NAME L_NAME
1 1 John Doe
OSL.PLAYER
ID VERSION F_NAME L_NAME
2 3 Jane Doe
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15. DEMO-MULTITENANCY
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16. DOMAIN MODEL EXTENSIONS
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17. Domain Model Extensions
• Storage and querying of extended properties
– Application developer enables extensions in entity
– Schema created with extension columns/table(s)
– Application Admin stores extension definitions
– Application instances made aware of extension definitions
– Application users make use of extensions
Employee
id extensions * name
firstName value
lastName Map<String, Object>
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18. Flex Extensions
@VirtualAccessMethods
public class Player{
…
@Transient
private Map<String, Object> attributes;
public <T> T get(String attributeName) {
return (T) this.attributes.get(attributeName);
}
public Object set(String attributeName, Object value) {
return this.attributes.put(attributeName, value);
}
PLAYER
ID F_NAME L_NAME FLEX_1 FLEX_2
1 John Doe ‘R’ ’22’
2 Jane Smith ‘NONE’
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19. Virtual Access Mappings
<entity class="example.mysports.model.Player">
<attributes>
<basic name="penaltyMinutes" access="VIRTUAL"
attribute-type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="flex_1"/>
</basic>
<basic name="position" access="VIRTUAL"
attribute-type="java.lang.String">
<column name="flex_2"/>
</basic>
</attributes>
</entity>
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20. DEMO DOMAIN MODEL EXTENSIONS
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21. JPA-RS
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22. Project Avatar
Complete Solution for Dynamic Rich Clients
HTML 5 browser
JSON over
HTML & Java WebSocket/
hybrid application Server Send
Events
Java application Java EE Cloud
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23. JPA-RS: Building Block of Project Avatar
• Exposes JPA mapped entities over REST via JAX-RS
• Provides REST operations for persistence unit
REST JPA
GET, HEAD Find, Named Query, Meta-model
PUT, POST Persist, Merge
DELETE Remove
• Content-Type and Accept-based content negotiation
– XML or JSON
• Client
– HTML5 with JavaScript (primary focus)
– JavaFX
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24. JPA/JAX-RS: Current Programming Model
GET http://…/order/4
JAX-RS
Customer Product Order
Shop Persistence Unit
JPA
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25. JAX-RS with JPA Example – GET Invoice
public class InvoiceService {...
public Invoice read(int id) {
return null;
}
...
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26. JAX-RS with JPA Example – GET Invoice
@Stateless
public class InvoiceService {...
public Invoice read(int id) {
return entityManager.find(Invoice.class, id);
}
...
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27. JAX-RS with JPA Example – GET Invoice
@Path("/invoice")
@Stateless
public class InvoiceService {...
public Invoice read(int id) {
return entityManager.find(Invoice.class, id);
}
http://[machine]:[port]/[web-context]/invoice/...
...
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28. JAX-RS with JPA Example – GET Invoice
@Path("/invoice")
@Stateless
public class InvoiceService {...
@GET
@Path("{id}")
public Invoice read(@PathParam("id") int id) {
return entityManager.find(Invoice.class, id);
}
GET http://[machine]:[port]/[web-context]/invoice/4
...
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29. JAX-RS with JPA Example – GET Invoice
@Path("/invoice")
@Stateless
public class InvoiceService {...
@GET
@Path("{id}")
@Produces({"application/xml", "application/json"})
public Invoice read(@PathParam("id") int id) {
return entityManager.find(Invoice.class, id);
}
Accept: application/json
... GET http://[machine]:[port]/[web-context]/invoice/4
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30. JPA-RS: Thin Server Architecture
GET http://…/<pu-name>/<entity>/4
JPA-RS
Shop PU … PU
JPA
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31. JPA-RS: Building Block of Project Avatar
• Persistence Unit Operations
– /<root-uri>/<pu-name>/entity
– /<root-uri>/<pu-name>/query
– /<root-uri>/<pu-name>/metadata
• Supports invocation of @NamedQueries via HTTP
• Server-caching – EclipseLink clustered cache
• Dynamic Persistence also supported
– Entities defined via metadata – no Java classes required
– Enables persistence for HTML5/JavaScript apps
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32. Client with Server Development
Client
HTML5
JavaScript
Native
dev
Client
Developer
Server Data
dev
Server Java EE JPA-RS
Developer
config
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33. MySports – Java EE
Clients
Data
Server
MySports
HTTP/S JSF EJB JPA JDBC
ORACLE
CONFIDENTIA
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ONLY

34. MySports – JPA-RS Enabled
Clients
Data
Server
MySports
JSF
HTTP/S EJB JPA JDBC
JPA-
RS
ORACLE
CONFIDENTIA
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ONLY

35. JAX-RS DEMO
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36. NOSQL PERSISTENCE
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37. NoSQL Databases
• NoSQL (i.e., non-relational) database are increasingly
popular
• No standards
• Differing APIs and feature sets
• Some offer query language/API—some not
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38. EclipseLink NoSQL
• Support JPA access to NoSQL databases
– Leverage non-relational database support for JCA (and JDBC
when available)
• Define annotations and XML to identify NoSQL stored
entities (e.g., @NoSQL)
• Support JPQL subset for each
– Key principal: leverage what’s available
• Initial support for MongoDB and Oracle NoSQL.
• Support mixing relational and non-relational data in
single composite persistence unit (“polyglot persistence”)
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39. Example MongoDB Mapped Entity
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40. MongoDB Query Examples
JPQL Queries:
Select o from Order o where o.totalCost > 1000
Select o from Order o where o.description like 'Pinball%‘
Select o from Order o join o.orderLines l where l.cost > :cost
Native Queries:
query = em.createNativeQuery("db.ORDER.findOne({"_id":"" + oid + ""})",
Order.class);
Order order = (Order)query.getSingleResult();
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41. Polyglot Persistence
• Relationships can span databases—and technologies!
Order Discount
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42. NOSQL DEMO
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43. Summary
• Java is evolving—and EclipseLink is evolving too!
– Tenant Isolation/Multitenancy
– JSON Binding
– JPA-RS
– NoSQL
– Polyglot Persistence
• EclipseLink is the center of innovation in Java
persistence
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44. Q&A
Provide Feedback, Get Involved!
User forums and lists at http://eclipse.org/eclipselink
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45. 50 Copyright © 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.