Understanding Cyber Crimes (35 characters

Ph : 0477 -2230804 Email : cybercellalpy@keralapolice.gov.in
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Why learn about Cyber Crime ?
Because
• Everybody is using Computers!!
• New Generation is growing up with
Computers
• Most important monitory transaction are
moving on the Internet.
• Murder, Extortion, Kidnapping, etc are being
committed with the help of Computers

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Crime
• Crime is a social and economic
phenomenon and is as old as the human
society. The hallmark of criminality is
that, it is breach of the criminal law.
• A crime may be said to be any conduct
accompanied by act or omission
prohibited by law and consequential
breach of which is visited by penal
consequence
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Cyber Crime
• A generalized definition of cyber crime
may be “ unlawful acts wherein the
computer is either a tool or target or both
• Cyber crime is the latest and perhaps the
most complicated problem in the cyber
world.

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Computer as a tool to commit crime
•Child porn, threatening email, sexual
harassment,
defamation, spam, phishing, assumin
g someone’s identity
Computer itself becomes target of crime
 hacking

Viruses, worms, industrial espionage,

software piracy,
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Why Cyber Crimes Increasing?
•
Connectivity is Global - No boundaries
Ability to obtain tools, exploits, and
vulnerabilities via the Web
Numerous vulnerable targets
Easy concealment - Anonymous Hacks
Low equipment costs and access

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Cyber crimes seldom reported !!!
•
Embarrassment.
Loss of public confidence.
False arrest concerns

56% of crimes are NOT REPORTED

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How it differ from other crimes ?
Can be committed in a jurisdiction
without being physically present in it.
Easy to learn how to commit.
Requires few resources relative to the
potential damage caused.

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Import Acts against Cyber Crimes
1. Information Technology Act 2000
2. Indian Penal Code – 1860
3. Indian Copyright Act – 1957
• IT Act Applicable to all states of India
including Jammu & Kashmir
• It is applicable to any violation of the
provisions of this Act done by any person
anywhere in the world.

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• The subject of cyber crime may be
broadly classified under the following
three groups. They are-

1. Against Individuals
2. Against Organization
3. Against Society at large

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Harassment via e-mails / SMS.
Cyber-stalking.
Defamation.
Email spoofing
Unauthorized control/access over
computer system.
Indecent exposure
 Dissemination of obscene material
Cheating & Fraud

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Computer vandalism.
Transmitting of virus.
Unauthorized control/access over
computer system.
Intellectual Property crimes
Internet time thefts
Cheating & Fraud

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Pornography (basically child pornography).
Polluting the youth through indecent
exposure.
Trafficking
Financial crimes
Sale of illegal articles
Online gambling
Forgery

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Hacking

It is an art of getting into a place and taking
control over it. Unauthorized access of computer
, computer resources, telecommunication
devices, telecommunication media, etc. .

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Hacking : - Hacker can be used to denote a
computer expert engaged in solving complex
problems on computers or persons securing
unauthorized access, looks around , collects
information and leaves without a trace. Hacking
done with malicious intention is called cracker.

Phreaker:- is a person who manipulates and
disrupts telecomm systems. Today
telecommunication systems has also been
computerized.

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Section 66 – Hacking with computer systems.

Punishable with imprisonment up to three
years, or with
fine which may extend up to two lakh rupees, or with
both

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CYBER CRIME AGAINST
WOMEN & CHILDREN


BULLYING

Email
Spoofing Cyber Stalking

Cyber Crime Against
Women

Morphing Defamation

Pornography


Mobile Phone Harassment
Mobile phone harrassment is also called BULLYING, which
is a general term to describe any type of unwanted
telephone calls or messages, or picture
messages, intended to cause upset and grief !!!
Section 509 of IPC . Word, gesture or act intended to insult
the modesty of a woman

punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may
extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.
66 A of IT Act 2008- Punishment for sending offensive messages
through communication service, etc


Cyber Stalking
A person following another especially
women and continuously harassing through
online
Cyber Stalking is generally considered as use of
the Internet, e-mail or other electronic
communications device to stalk or harass a person.
Sec.500,509 IPC
Punishable with simple imprisonment for a term
which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with
both.
66 A Punishment for sending offensive
messages through communication service, etc

What motivates a cyber Stalker?
• Sexual Harassment
• Obsession for love
• Revenge & Hate
• Ego & Power Trips
Their main targets are the mostly
females, children, emotionally weak or
unstable, etc. It is believed that Over 75% of
the victims are female


Pornography
• Publishing sexual activities in the form of
visuals, audio or through text to raise erotic
feelings rather than aesthetic.

New concept called as SEXTING
Sending sexually explicit pictures by cell phone or Email

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Violation of Privacy & Pornography
Sec 66 IT Act & See 119 of KP Act
Whoever, intentionally or knowingly captures, publishes
or transmits the image of a private area of any person without
his or her consent.
shall be punished with imprisonment which may
extend to 5 years or with fine not exceeding 1 lakh rupees, or
with both
Section 67 – Publishing of information which is
obscene in electronic form
shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend
to 5 years or with fine not exceeding 1 lakh rupees, or with
both

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Email Spoofing
“ A spoofed email is one that appears to originate
from one source but actually has been sent from
another source “
Example :

Priya@yahoo.com Noufal@google.com

spoofed

Santhosh@yahoo.com

E-Mail Spoofing
• Sonia Gandhi threat case in Kochi is the best
example of spoofing reported in our State.
• . Forgery of electronic records , Email
spoofing - Sec 463, 464, 468, 469 IPC
• shall be punished with imprisonment of
either description for a term which may
extend to three years, and shall also be
liable to fine.


Cyber Defamation
Publishing statements lowering the
reputation of persons.
When someone publishes defamatory matter
about someone on a website or sends e-mails,
pictures, etc. containing defamatory
information to all of that person's friends or on
the internet
Defamation is defined as an intentional false
communication, either published or publicly
spoken, that injures another’s reputation or good
name.
Ph : 0477 -2230804
. Email : cybercellalpy@keralapolice.gov.in

E-Mail Abuse, Online Defamation - Sec.500, 509

Whoever, intending to insult the modesty of
any woman, utters any word, makes any sound or
gesture, or exhibits any object, intending that such
word or sound shall be heard, of that such gesture or
object shall be seen, by such woman, or intrudes
upon the privacy of such woman

Sec 500 IPC - simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to
two years, or with fine, or with both.

Section 509 - simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to
one year, or with fine, or with both


NEW TRENDS & CHALLENGES IN
CYBER CRIME

 Online Lottery Scam
 Online Job Offers
 ATM Fraud
 Phishing
 Russian Wife Scam


Appointment Letter

Ph : 0477 -2230804
26 January 2013
Email : cybercellalpy@keralapolice.gov.in

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Online Cheating
Section 468. Forgery for purpose of cheating
Whoever commits forgery, intending that the
document or Electronic Record forged shall be used for the
purpose of cheating, shall be punished with imprisonment
of either description for a term which may extend to seven
years, and shall also be liable to fine
Section 420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing
delivery of property
shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term which may extend to seven
years, and shall also be liable to fine.


Cyber Piracy
 Cyber Piracy is defined as art of making illegal copies
of Music, Books, software etc for the purpose of sale.

 The major form of piracy on the net is violation of
copyrights and trade marks. A part of this piracy had also
been cyber squatting of domain names.

Shall be punishable under section. 51, 63, 63B
of Indian Copyright act


The Indian Situation- Piracy
• Where we stand
– Twentieth in top 20 pirating countries
– At 73%, behind China (92%), Vietnam (92%), Indonesia
(88%) and Russia (87%)
– Losses at $367 million
• Benefits of piracy control
– Reduction of piracy by 10% will
• Promote innovation
• Add $1.2 billion to GDP
• Create 48,000 jobs
• Add $92 million to tax revenues

Salami Attacks
Debiting small amount of assets etc from a large source.“
This attack involves making alteration so insignificant that
in a single case it would go completely unnoticed. Attacks
are used for commission of financial crimes “
Deducts a small amount
Bank’s Server
from every customer’s a/c

Inserts a program
Feeds it into

Bank employee Arun Arun’s a/c
accesses


Salami Attacks
Sec 65. Tampering with Computer Source
document
Whoever knowingly or intentionally conceals, destroys or
alters or intentionally or knowingly causes another to
conceal, destroy or alter any computer source code used
for a computer, computer program, computer system or
computer network, when the computer source code is
required to be kept or maintained by law for the time being
in force, shall be punishable with imprisonment up to three
years, or with fine which may extend up to two lakh
rupees, or with both.


Launching of virus
Virus, worms and Trojans are software programme
designed to cause damage to the contents of a
computer-data, memory etc. The effects of
computer differs.
For eg: if infected by ping pong the image of a
bouncing ball appear across the computer screen,
If infected by Michael Angelo ,or Friday 13,the
entire files will be destroyed.
In US vs Moris, a student, as a practical joke created
a worm which replicated itself and within hours
6000 computers were affected.

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Code Red Spreads
2001 July 19, Midnight – 159 hosts infected


Code Red Spreads
2001 July 19, 11:40 am – 4,920 hosts infected

2001


Code Red Spreads
July 20, Midnight – 341,015 hosts infected


Cyber squatting
Using the reputed domain names to deceive
persons.eg:- instead of philips.com using phillips.com
- by doubling “l” letter the person confuses the public.

META TAGGING ON WEBSITES
Using a reputed trade mark in a domain name
deceiving the public. Eg playboy and playmate are
registered trade mark of US.
A person creates a site as follows.
playboyxxx.com and playmatelive.com

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Phishing
Phishing has been called “The Perfect Cyber
Crime”
Growing faster than any other online threat
Difficult to catch the criminals
People who receive Phishing attacks are three
times as likely to become victims.
E-bay hijacking becoming more common


How is phishing done?
– Criminal creates a “mirror” website that looks
like a legitimate website
– They fool people into going to that site, which
transmits your username or password to the
them
– Using pop-up windows to conceal the real
address in the victim’s address bar
– “Pharming” victim redirected to a scam
website when the victim types in the real
address

Actual Login Page


Deceptive Login Page


•A Word On Passwords
•Chatting with strangers
•Rules of the Road on the Internet
•Don’t while Surfing
•Cyber Security Tips

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A Word On Passwords

 The worst passwords to use are the ones that come to
mind first -- name, spouse's name, maiden
name, pets, children's name, even street addresses, etc.

 The best passwords mix numbers with upper and
lowercase letters.

 A password that is not found in the dictionary is even
better. There are programs that will try every word in the
dictionary in an effort to crack your security.

 Changing passwords regularly
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Understanding Cyber Crimes (35 characters

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