1. High Performance
Drupal Web Sites
360°
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

2. Who's that punk ?!
●
A French nerd !
● Used to manage complex IT projects for the
last 10 years
●
And many more nights on performances
issues ... :)
●
... who just created his own company

3. Summary

Cache

Upload & Download

Browser rendering

Compression

Drupal pages architecture

Analyze

4. Cache
What should we cache ?
EVERY POSSIBLE THING !!!
● PHP (opcode)
● Computations (functions results)
● Datas (views, DB requests)
● Entities & Fields (nodes, comments, taxonomy terms, user profiles,…)
● Images (imagecache/styles)
● HTML (page, block, panel, pane, views)
● Any static ressource (CSS, JS, SWF, SVG, PDF, ZIP, Video, Sound, …)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

5. Cache
How should we cache ?
PHP (opcode) : // allocate one segment of 32Mb
apc.shm_segments=1
apc.shm_size=32
// do not check if php file was updated
apc.stat= 0
●
APC // never expire
apc.ttl = 0
●
Eaccelerator (a bit faster, // use kernel anonymous memory
seg fault) apc.mmap_file_mask = /dev/zero.
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

6. Cache
How should we cache ?
function mymodule_complex_calculation_crazy_cache() {
Computations (functions results) : static $cache ;
if (isset($cache)) {
return $cache ;
}
● drupal_static (sometime static if big if ($cache = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__)) {
return $cache;
amount of calls within a page load) }
if ($cache = cache_get('my_cache_item', 'my_cache_bin')) {
$cache = $cache->data;
}
● cache_set / cache_get (use your own else {
bin if lot of data to store and/or need // some = complex_calculation(); kitten
$cache
heavy calculations that kills
more control over your cache) cache_set('my_cache_item', $cache, 'my_cache_bin');
}
return $cache ;
}
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

7. Cache
Note :
How should we cache ? A custom cache bin require, at
module install, to create a new cache
table using the same schema as core
cache tables (see table below).
Copy/paste from :
Datas (views, DB requests) : includes/system.install
●
Views cache Field Type Null
cid varchar(255) no
●
Views per user cache
data longblob yes
●
Own cache bin for DB requests (if expire int no
somehow there is a good reason created int no
to request DB directly) headers text yes
serialized smallint no
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

8. Cache
How should we cache ?
Entities (nodes, comments, taxonomy terms,
user profiles,…) : Entity cache
Load 1 000 users
●
Entity cache 50
45
40
35 First load
30 Next loads
seconds
25
20
15
10
5
0
No entity cache Entity cache
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

9. Cache
How should we cache ?
Images (imagecache/styles) :
●
ImageCache
●
ImageCache External
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

10. Cache
How should we cache ?
HTML (page, block, panel, pane, views) :
●
Panels Page Cache
●
Panels Hash Cache
●
Varnish
●
Varnish ESI
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

11. Cache
How should we cache ?
Any static ressource (CSS, JS, SWF, SVG,
PDF, ZIP, Video, Sound, …) :
●
Varnish
●
Nginx
●
CDN far-future
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

12. Cache
What cache backends ?
http://janezurevc.name/static/bcn_cache
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

13. Cache
What about cache invalidation ?
●
Cache actions
●
Cachetags
●
Views content cache
●
Expire
●
Entity cache flusher
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

14. Upload & Download
Cookie free domains
CDN module in order to use static resources
dedicated domain(s) which differ from main
domain (for instance, static.mysite.com)
$cookie_domain have to be set to main domain in
settings.php (for instance www.mysite.com)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

15. Upload & Download
Aggregates
●
JS (Advanced aggregate)
Note :
●
CSS (Advanced aggregate) Sprites are now obselete, use CSS
embeded image instead
●
Images & CSS (CSS
(for IE, images <32Kb can be
embeded image) embeded)
●
Images (spritesheets)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

16. Upload & Download
Parrallelization
●
CDN (URL
sharding)
●
Head.js
CSS
●
Yepnopejs
(Interesting but not yet drupal integrated)
JS
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

17. Browser rendering
JS
●
Rendering sequence : request as soon as it
parse
●
JS in footer scope
●
Head.js / lab.js (defer)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

18. Browser rendering
CSS
●
Translate3D, no DOM position change
●
Pay attention to selectors performances ! No
CSS3 selectors (great but slow)
●
Avoid blinking > no JS to hide an element on
load, hide by CSS and show from JS
(perception matters!)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

19. Compression
What should we compress ?
●
Images
●
CSS
●
JS
●
HTML
●
«Any» static file
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

20. Compression
How should we compress ?
Images
●
Imageapi optimize
●
jpegtran
●
advpng
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

21. Compression
How should we compress ?
CSS
●
Advagg CSS compress
●
CSS Compressor
●
faster than CSSTidy
●
gzip
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

22. Compression
How should we compress ?
JS
●
Advagg JS compress
●
JSMin
●
faster than JSMin+
●
Gzip
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

23. Compression
How should we compress ?
HTML
●
Gzip
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

24. Compression
How should we compress ?
Any static files
●
Gzip
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

25. Drupal pages architecture
How to build a performant page ?
USE AS FEW MODULES AS POSSIBLE !
●Search_api (solr, mongo) ●Panels
●Mongodb ●Panels everywhere
●Redis ●Views
●Memcache ●Rules
●Elysia cron ●Entities
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

26. Drupal pages architecture
Why homogeneity maters ?
Blocks, panes, pick one !
One single way of managing « blocks » helps
using ESI caching for instance; it also makes
easier the cache invalidation management for
these «blocks».
Keep it simple : one API to implement
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

27. Analyze
Browser level
●
Gtmetrix.com
●
Yslow
●
Firebug
●
Chrome / Safari developer tools
●
Whichloadsfaster.com
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

28. Analyze
Drupal level
●
Devel
●
Watchdog (redirected to syslog if needed on live
server)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

29. Analyze
PHP level
●
FirePHP / ChromePHP
●
Xhprof (eventually in addition to Xdebug)
●
PHP error log
●
PHP-FPM slow logs
●
MySQL Slow query logs
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

30. Analyze
System level
●
strace
●
tcpdump & wireshark
jbguerraz@skilld.fr

31. Spasibo bolshoe !
Your time now, any question ?
Wanna get these slides ?
Search for jbguerraz on Slideshare ;)
jbguerraz@skilld.fr