The CLEAR Dependency
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The document discusses the CLEAR dependency format, which adapts the Stanford dependency format. The CLEAR format remaps dependencies for empty categories, preserves function tags, and preserves secondary dependencies. It then provides details on CLEAR dependency labels, remapping empty categories through constructions like wh-movement, function tags for syntactic and semantic roles, and secondary dependencies involving structures like gapping, referents, right node raising, and open clausal subjects.
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The CLEAR Dependency
- 1. The CLEAR Dependency Stages Summer Meeting at ISI Martha Palmer, James Martin Jinho D. Choi, Shumin Wu, Wei-Te Chen University of Colorado Boulder August 2nd, 2012 choijd@colorado.edu Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 2. CLEAR Dependency Format • Stanford dependency format - Provides rich dependency labels. - Does not consider information such as empty categories, function tags, secondary dependencies, etc. • CLEAR dependency format - Adapts the Stanford dependency format. - Remaps dependencies for empty categories. - Preserves function tags. - Preserves secondary dependencies. 2 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 3. Contents • CLEAR dependency labels • Remapping empty categories • Function tags • Secondary dependencies 3 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 4. Label Description Label Description ACOMP Adjectival complement NEG Negation modifier ADVCL Adverbial clause modifier NMOD∗ Modifier of nominal ADVMOD Adverbial modifier NN Noun compound modifier AGENT Agent NPADVMOD Noun phrase as ADVMOD AMOD Adjectival modifier NSUBJ Nominal subject APPOS Appositional modifier NSUBJPASS Nominal subject (passive) ATTR Attribute NUM Numeric modifier AUX Auxiliary NUMBER Number compound modifier AUXPASS Auxiliary (passive) OPRD∗ Object predicate CC Coordinating conjunction PARATAXIS Parataxis CCOMP Clausal complement PARTMOD Participial modifier COMPLM Complementizer PCOMP Complement of a preposition CONJ Conjunct POBJ Object of a preposition CSUBJ Clausal subject POSS Possession modifier CSUBJPASS Clausal subject (passive) POSSESSIVE Possessive modifier DEP Unclassified dependent PRECONJ Pre-correlative conjunction DET Determiner PREDET Predeterminer DOBJ Direct object PREP Prepositional modifier EXPL Expletive PRT Particle INFMOD Infinitival modifier PUNCT Punctuation INTJ∗∗ Interjection QUANTMOD Quantifier phrase modifier IOBJ Indirect object RCMOD Relative clause modifier MARK Marker ROOT Root META∗∗ Meta modifier XCOMP Open clausal complement Table 2.3: A list of the Clear reduction labels. Labels followed by ∗ are borrowed from the 93.65% error dependency of ∗∗ unclassified dependencies. CoNLL dependency approach. Labels followed by are newly introduced by the Clear dependency approach. 4 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 5. Contents • CLEAR dependency labels • Remapping empty categories - Wh-movement - Topicalization - Discontinuous constituent • Function tags • Secondary dependencies 5 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 6. Wh-Movement 6 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 7. Topicalization: Non-recursive 7 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 8. Topicalization: Recursive 8 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 9. Discontinuous Constituent 9 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 10. Contents • CLEAR dependency labels • Remapping empty categories • Function tags - Syntactic function tags - Semantic function tags • Secondary dependencies 10 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 11. typical Penn Treebank tags but used in some other Treebanks. A.1 Function tags Function Tags Syntactic roles ADV Adverbial PUT Locative complement of put CLF It-cleft PRD Non-VP predicate CLR Closely related constituent RED∗ Reduced auxiliary DTV Dative SBJ Surface subject LGS Logical subject in passive TPC Topicalization NOM Nominalization Semantic roles BNF Benefactive MNR Manner DIR Direction PRP Purpose or reason EXT Extent TMP Temporal LOC Locative VOC Vocative Text and speech categories ETC Et cetera SEZ Direct speech FRM∗ Formula TTL Title HLN Headline UNF Unfinished constituent IMP Imperative Table A.1: A list of function tags for English. 11 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 12. Syntactic Function Tags 12 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 13. Semantic Function Tags 13 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 14. Contents • CLEAR dependency labels • Remapping empty categories • Function tags • Secondary dependencies - Gapping - Referent - Right node raising - Open clausal subject 14 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 15. Gapping 15 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 16. Referent Referent dependencies are also provided in PropBank as LINK-SLC. 16 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 17. Right Node Raising 17 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 18. Open Clausal Subject: Raising 18 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 19. Open Clausal Subject: Control 19 Thursday, August 2, 2012
- 20. Open Clausal Subject: ECM 20 Thursday, August 2, 2012