1. THE CONSTITUTION

2. ALBANY PLAN OF UNION

3. WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE

4. THE BIRTH OF A NATION WHO NOW WILL RULE?

5. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION WEAK LEAGUE OF FRIENDSHIP

6. SHAY’S REBELLION The need for a stronger central government

7. CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION

8. INDEPENDENCE HALL

9. George Washington was elected as President of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. During the hearings he did not say one word, not wanting to influence the vote.

10. WHO WILL CONTROL THE NATION? FEDERAL GOVT. STATE GOVT.

11. BIG STATES & small states DEBATE

12. THE GREAT COMPROMISE SENATE BENEFITS SMALL STATES HOUSE BENEFITS BIG STATES TWO HOUSE SYSTEM NEW JERSEY PLAN VIRGINIA PLAN

13. THE SLAVE COMPROMISES

14. THREE-FIFTH COMPROMISE SLAVE TRADE COMPROMISES In southern states, slaves were to be counted as 3/5ths of a whole person for both tax and population for representation. This also meant they were considered 2/5ths property. Congress could not pass laws outlawing the import of slave labor from other countries until 1808. Also, northern states were required to return slaves who escaped to free states.

15. A VERY FRAGILE UNION The young nation was at risk of dividing into three smaller countries based on regions with similar needs and characteristics. The delegates decided to make what ever compromises were necessary to keep the nation one large country. N. S. W.

16. SHOULD CONSTITUTION PASS? THE NEXT GREAT DEBATE

17. JEFFERSON HAMILTON Against Constitution Supported Constitution Against Powerful Govt. Support Powerful Govt. Against Big Business Support Big Business More Power to State Govt. More Power to Federal G. Support Middle Class Support Wealthy Class All Men Should Vote Rich Men Should Vote Democratic Party Founder Republican Party Founder ANTIFEDERALISTS FEDERALISTS S T A T E S U N I T E D

18. JEFFERSON “ We need the be careful with a powerful central government. It would be better to keep most of the power under the control of the states. The government should support the common population.”

19. HAMILTON “ We need a strong powerful central government that can help the United States become a world power. The majority of the power should be controlled by the federal government which should support the needs of wealthy Americans.”

20. JAMES MADISON Father of the Constitution Bill of Rights Compromise

21. R A T I F Y

22. DUTY ? HOW MANY ? TERM ? ELECTED ? DUTY ? HOW MANY ? TERM ? ELECTED ? DUTY ? HOW MANY ? TERM ? ELECTED ?

23. # 1 THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

24. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

25. THE SENATE

27. # 2 THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

28. COMMANDER IN CHIEF

29. GEORGE W. TO GEORGE B.

30. STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS

31. HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW

32. # 3 THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

33. THE SUPREME COURT

34. CHIEF JUSTICE JOHN ROBERTS

35. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH CONGRESS JUDICIAL BRANCH SUPREME COURT EXECUTIVE BRANCH PRESIDENT Appoints Judges to Supreme Court May Veto Bills Passed by Congress Unconstitutional Actions of President Can Declare Laws Unconstitutional May Impeach S. Court Justices May Override Presidential Veto CHECKS AND BALANCES

36. FEDERALISM - Power is shared on several levels of government to handle problems and represent the public’s needs and interests. STATE LOCAL President Bush Governor Rendell Mayor Pettyjohn FEDERAL

37. WHO DID THE CONSTITUTION BENEFIT?

38. WHITE MEN OF PROPERTY

39. MANY WERE LEFT OUT…

40. AFRICAN AMERICANS

41. NATIVE AMERICANS & WOMEN

42. IMMIGRANTS & THE POOR

43. A LIVING DOCUMENT BILL OF RIGHTS JAMES MADISON

44. AMMENDING THE CONSTITUTION

45. THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES

46. STUDY!