1. Diverse Traditions of Southeast Asia

2. Geography of Southeast Asia Mainland Myanmar Thailand Cambodia Laos Vietnam Part of Malaysia Islands Indonesia Singapore Brunei Philippines

3. Trade Routes in the Southern Seas MONSOONS Ships traveled northeast in summer Ships traveled southwest in winter Between seasons ships docked at ports

4. Early Traditions Diverse ethnic groups speaking many languages settled in Southeast Asia. Societies built around nuclear families Female merchants took part in the Spice Trade Matrilineal descent Women could choose or divorce marriage partners

5. Impact of India Indians married into influential families Indian families exercised considerable power. Islam Indians carried Islam into the region Arab merchants spread the new faith

6. Pagan Fertile rice-growing Irrawaddy Valley in present-day Myanmar 1044, King Anawrata united the region Buddhism to Burman people 1287 conqueror by Mongols

7. The Khmer Empire Present day Cambodia, Thailand, and Malaysia Adapted Indian writing, mathematics, architecture, and art Rulers were Hindus 1100s, King Suryacarman II built the great temple complex at Angkor Wat

8. Srivijaya Controlled the Strait of Malacca Blended Indian beliefs into their own forms of worship, based on nature spirits

9. Vietnam Heart of the country- Red River Delta Irrigated fertile rice padis Had their own distinct culture Women often held positions of authority

10. Vietnam cont. Han armies conquered the region Adopted the Chinese civil service system and built a government bureaucracy Learned the Chinese language and read Chinese characters Adopted Mahayana beliefs from China

11. Vietnam cont. Trung Sisters (TrungTrac and TrungNhi) Drove Chinese occupiers from the land Became martyrs and heroes