Spiral Approach for Mathematics Teaching (High School) Manila, January 2010

1. Spiral Approach to Teaching Mathematics The presentation slides are available at www.mathz4kidz.com Dr Yeap Ban Har National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University Singapore [email_address]

2. Singapore Education System

7. Mathematics Curriculum in Singapore

9. The Singapore mathematics curriculum states that “an emphasis on mathematics education will ensure that we have an increasingly competitive workforce to meet the challenges of the 21st century”

10. The rationale of teaching mathematics is that it is “a good vehicle for the development and improvement of a person’s intellectual competence ”.

11. Mathematics Curriculum in Singapore New Syllabus Mathematics is used for Secondary 1 to Secondary 4. New Syllabus Additional Mathematics is used by students good in mathematics in Secondary 3 and Secondary 4.

12. Problem-Solving Curriculum

14. Activity Draw a 4-sided polygon. Cut it into triangles. How many triangles can you get?

18. (1, 12) (4, 14) (7, 16) (1+3t, 12+2t) At time t, the fly is at (1+3t, 12+2t) And the spider is at (85-5t, k+5t) Given that the fly caught the spider: 1 + 3t = 85 – 5t and 12 + 2t = k + 5t 8t = 84 or t = 10.5 k = 12 – 3 (10.5) = …

19. Spiral Curriculum

26. Spiral Curriculum

29. Meaningful Learning

32. 21st Century Curriculum

34. Visualization

35. Modelling

36. Connection

38. Communication

39. Outcomes

40. Learning Outcomes: Achievement & Attitude

42. International Benchmarks

43. Advanced Intermediate Low High 2 40 31 15 70 64 46 88 85 75 97 94 Grade 8 Telok Kurau Primary School TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 45 40 71 71 86 90 95 98

44. Advanced Intermediate Low High 2 3 0 15 12 4 46 44 14 75 66 48 Grade 8 Effective Methods in Teaching Mathematics TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 40 2 70 18 88 50 97 82

47. Advanced Intermediate Low High 41 74 92 98 Singapore Catholic High School (Primary) TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 40 70 88 97

48. Advanced Intermediate Low High 10 40 77 95 U S A Catholic High School (Primary) TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 6 31 67 92

49. Advanced Intermediate Low High 16 48 79 94 England Catholic High School (Primary) TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 8 35 69 90

50. Advanced Intermediate Low High 5 26 67 90 International Catholic High School (Primary) TIMSS Trends in International Maths and Science Studies 2 15 46 75