บทที่ 8 ตัวประมวลผลก่อน C (The C Processors)

1. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ 7KH3UHSURFHVVRU

2. £µ¬µ Å—o‹´—Á˜¦¸¥¤£µ¡Âª—¨o°¤Äœ„µ¦Á…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤šÎµ‡´°¥nµŠ®œ¹ÉŠ ‡º° ¤¸„µ¦‹´— ¸É Á˜¦¸¥¤Ãž¦Â„¦¤° ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ SUHSURFHVVRU

3. Ã—¥˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨„n°œ ‹³šÎµ„µ¦ ºÉ ž¦³¤ª¨ž¦³Ã¥‡˜nµŠÇš¸…¹Êœ˜oœ—oª¥´¨´„¬–rtuKDVKFKDUDFWHU

4. Â¨³œÎµ®¤µ¥Á®˜»FRPPHQWV

5. °°„ É ‹µ„Ãž¦Â„¦¤˜´œŒ´„n°œš¸É‹³nŠŸ¨¨´¡›r‹µ„„µ¦šÎµŠµœœ¸ÊÄ®Â„n‡°¤Å¡Á¨°¦r „µ¦ÄoŠµœ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨ o Ÿ¨„n°œš¸œ·¥¤Äo¤µ„œ´Êœ¤¸°¥n¼ ¨´„¬–³‡º° É „µ¦¦ª¤Â¢j¤Á…oµÅžÄœÃž¦Â„¦¤õœŒ´„n°œš¸É‹³Âž¨Ãž¦Â„¦¤ Ž¹ÉŠÄœ„¦–¸œÊ¸‹³Äo ‡Îµ´ÉŠLQFOXGHÂöª˜µ¤—oª¥º°Â¢j¤š¸Éõ°Š„µ¦¦ª¤Á…oµÅžÄœÃž¦Â„¦¤õœŒ´ É „µ¦„Îµ®œ—‡nµÄ®o„˜´ª¦³» LGHQWLILHUV

6. ˜´ª¦³»Äœš¸Éœ¸Ê‡º°ºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦ PDFUR QDPH

7. ´ Â¨³ºÉ°‡nµ‡Š˜´ªFRQVWDQWQDPH

8. ‡Îµ´ÉŠš¸ÄoÄœ„µ¦„Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡º°GHILQH É „µ¦¦ª¤Â¢j¤Ã—¥Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠLQFOXGH ¦žÂ‡µ´Šš¸Äoµ®¦´¦ª¤…°¤¨ÄœÂ¢j¤š„µ®œ—Á…oµÅžÄœÃž¦Â„¦¤˜œŒ´¤¸ Â‡º° ¼ Î É É Î o ¼ É¸ Î o Âš¸ LQFOXGHILOHQDPH! É Âš¸ LQFOXGHILOHQDPH É ˜ª°¥nµŠ„µ¦ÄoÁnœ ´

9. LQFOXGH VWGLRK!

10. LQFOXGH ´VWGLRKµ

11. LQFOXGH FWSHK!

12. LQFOXGH ERROK Á¤º°˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ¡‡Îµ´ÉŠš¸…¹Êœ˜oœ—oª¥ LQFOXGH ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ‹³šÎµ„µ¦°nµœ É É Â¢j¤…o°¤¼¨š¸„Îµ®œ—Åªo®¨´Š‡Îµ´ÉŠ LQFOXGH š¸É°¥¼nÄœ‹µœ´œš¹„Ã—¥™oµ„Îµ®œ—ºÉ°Â¢j¤Åªo£µ¥ÄœÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š É ®¤µ¥ t !u —´Š˜´ª°¥nµŠ

13. Â¨³

14. ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ‹³šÎµ„µ¦‡oœ®µÂ¢j¤ ¶VWGLRK· „´Â¢j¤ ´ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

15. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ¶FWSHK· Äœ‡¨´Š¤µ˜¦“µœÂ¨oªœÎµ…o°‡ªµ¤š´ÊŠ®¤—ÄœÂ¢j¤—´Š„¨nµª¤µÂšœš¸¦¦š´—š¸É¦¦‹‡Îµ´ÉŠ É » LQFOXGH Â˜n™µ„Îµ®œ—ºÉ°Â¢j¤ÅªoÄœÁ‡¦ºÉ°Š®¤µ¥ —´ŠÄœ˜´ª°¥nµŠ

16. „´

17. ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ o ´ ‹³šÎµ„µ¦‡oœ®µÂ¢j¤ ¶VWGLRK· „´ ¶ERROK· Äœµ¦ GLUHFWRU

18. š¸ÉšÎµŠµœ°¥¼n – …–³œ´Êœ ÂöªœÎµ…o° ‡ªµ¤š´Š®¤—ÄœÂ¢j¤—´Š„¨nµª¤µÂšœš¸¦¦š´—š¸É¦¦‹‡Îµ´ÉŠLQFOXGH Ánœ„´œ Ê É » ‡Îµ´ÉŠ„Îµ®œ—‡nµ GHILQH ‡Îµ´ÉŠ GHILQH ‹³ÄoÁ¡ºÉ°„Îµ®œ—‡nµÄ®o„˜´ª¦³» Ž¹ÉŠ˜´ª¦³»Á®¨nµœ¸Ê‹³™¼„Âšœ—oª¥‡nµ‡Šš¸É ´ Á®¨nµœ¸ÊÄœÂ¢j¤õœŒ´š»„‡¦´ÊŠš¸É˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ˜¦ª‹¡ ‹µ„˜´ª°¥nµŠÄœš„n°œ‹³¡ªnµ „µ¦ ´ šÎµŠµœ…°Šž¦³Ã¥‡‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH œ´Êœ¤¸¨´„¬–³„µ¦ÄoŠµœ‡öµ¥„´œ„´‡Îµ´ÉŠž¦³„µ«‡nµ‡Š˜´ª Äœ£µ¬µ žµ‡µ¨ ÂñÂšo‹¦·ŠÂöª„µ¦Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠ GHILQH ‹³Áž}œ„µ¦¦oµŠÂ¤‡Ã‡¦Ä®o„´˜´ª¦³»œ´ÊœÇ Á¡ºÉ°š¸É‹³Å—o œÎµœ·¥µ¤…°ŠÂ¤‡Ã‡¦š¸¦oµŠÅªoÅžÂšœš¸ÉÁ¤°¤¸„µ¦°µŠ°·Š™¹ŠºÉ°˜´ª¦³»œ´Êœ É ºÉ o ¦¼žÂ‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH GHILQH PDFURQDPH VWULQJ Äœš¸Éœ¸ÊPDFURQDPH ‡º°ºÉ°˜´ª¦³»Â¨³ VWULQJ ‡º°‡nµ‡Šš¸®¦º°µ¥°´„…¦³š¸É‹³œÎµÅžÂšœ É š¸É˜´ª¦³»ÄœÃž¦Â„¦¤õœŒ´œ´ÊœÁ°Š „µ¦˜´ŠºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦®¦°˜´ª¦³»œ´Êœ Äo®¨´„„µ¦Á—¸¥ª„´œ„´„µ¦˜´Š Ê º Ê ºÉ°˜´ªÂž¦Äœ£µ¬µ Âñœ·¥¤˜´ÊŠºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦—oª¥˜´ª°´„¬¦¡·¤¡rÄ®nš´ÊŠ®¤—Á¡ºÉ°°„Ä®oŸ¼oÄo¦¼oªnµÁž}œºÉ° Â¤‡Ã‡¦Å¤nÄn˜ªÂž¦š´ªÇÅž„µ¦Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH „Îµ®œ—‡nµÄ®o„˜´ª¦³»µ¤µ¦™„Îµ®œ—Å—o®¨µ¥ ´ É ´ Â—´Šœ¸Ê

19. „Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡Šš¸Éš¸ÉÁž}œ‹ÎµœªœÄ®o„´˜´ª¦³» ˜´ª°¥nµŠÁnœ™oµÁ¦µ˜o°Š„µ¦Äo˜ª¦³»v758(w Îµ®¦´‡nµ‡Šš¸Étu Â¨³v)$/6(w Îµ®¦´‡nµ‡Šš¸É ´ tu µ¤µ¦™„Îµ®œ—œ·¥µ¤Â¤‡Ã‡¦Å—oÁžœ } GHILQH 758( GHILQH)$/6( ‹µ„‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH…oµŠ˜oœ‹³šÎµÄ®o˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œÂšœš¸É758(Â¨³)$/6( —oª¥¶· ´ Â¨³¶·š»„Ç‡¦´Šš¸¡ Ê É µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

20. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ —´Šœ´Êœ‹µ„‡Îµ´ÉŠ 3ULQWI´GGGµ)$/6(758(758(

21. ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨„n°œ‹³Âšœ‡nµ758( „´)$/6( Äœ‡Îµ´ÉŠ—´Š„¨nµªÅ—oÁž}œ 3ULQWI´GGGµ

22. Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸Ÿ¨šÎµÄ®o‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r¡·¤¡r‡µ n ¶· œ‹°£µ¡

23. „Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡Šš¸Éµ¥°´„…¦³Ä®o„´˜´ª¦³»Ánœ GHILQH ',*,76´µ Äœ„¦–œ¸Ê˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ‹³Âšœ',*,76 —oª¥µ¥°´„…¦³´µ š»„Ç ¸ ‡¦´Šš¸˜¦ª‹¡ Ê É

24. „µ¦„Îµ®œ—‡nµÄœ¦¼ž…°Šœ·¡‹œrÄ®o„´˜´ª¦³»Ánœ GHILQH7:237

25. Äœ„¦–œ¸Ê˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ‹³Âšœš¸É7:23, —oª¥œ·¡‹œr ¸

26. Ã—¥Å¤n¤¸„µ¦‡Îµœª–‡nµ —´Šœ´Êœ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ‹³Âšœ LUFXPI UDGLXV 7:23, —oª¥ LUFXPI UDGLXV

27. µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

28. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ

29. „µ¦„Îµ®œ—º°Â¤‡Ã‡¦Äœ¦¼ž…°ŠºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦°ºœÇš¸É™¼„„Îµ®œ—¤µ„n°œ®œoµÁnœ É É GHILQH0,1 ILUVWDUUDHOHPHQW GHILQH0$; ODVWDUUDHOHPHQW GHILQH28170$;0,1

30. WRWDOQXPEHURILWHPV Á¤º°˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ˜¦ª‹¡‡Îµ´ÉŠ É PLG 2817 ‹³Âšœš¸É2817 —´Šœ¸Ê PLG 0$;²0,1

31. Â¨oª‹¹ŠÂšœš¸É0$; Â¨³0,1 ˜µ¤¨Îµ—´Å—o PLG

32. „µ¦Äo¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r„‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH ´ Äœ®ª…o°‹³Á®Èœªnµº°Â¤‡Ã‡¦®œ¹ŠÇ‹³™¼„Âšœš¸—ª¥‡µ‡Š˜´ª˜ªÁ—¥ª˜¨°—Ãž¦Â„¦¤™µ ´ É É Éo n ´ ¸ o Á¦µ˜°Š„µ¦Âšœº°Â¤‡Ã‡¦—oª¥‡µš¸ÁÉ ž¨¥œÅ—o‹³˜o°ŠÄo t¡µ¦µ¤Á· ˜°¦ur Ž¹Š¤¦žÂ„µ¦„µ®œ—‡nµ—´Šœ¸Ê o É n É¸ É ¸¼ Î GHILQH PDFURQDPHSDUDPOLVW

33. UHSODFHPHQWWH[W PDFURQDPH Áž}œºÉ°˜´ª¦³» SDUDPOLVW Áž}œ¦µ¥ºÉ°…°Š¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r Â¨³‡´Êœ¦³®ªnµŠ¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦rÂ˜n¨³˜´ª—oª¥Á‡¦°Š ºÉ ®¤µ¥‹»¨£µ‡

34. UHSODFHPHQWWH[W Áž}œœ·¡‹œrš„Îµ®œ—„µ¦šÎµŠµœ…°ŠPDFURQDPH ¸É µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

35. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸ÉÃž¦Â„¦¤Â—ŠPDFUR„µ¦®µ‡nµš¸œo°¥š¸É»—¦³®ªnµŠ‹Îµœªœ‹Îµœªœ É GHILQH 0,1DE

36. DE

37. DE

38. PDLQ

39. ^ LQW [ [ SULQWI´WKHPLQLPXPLVGµ0,1[

40. UHWXUQ ` Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o‡º° Á¤ºÉ°Ãž¦Â„¦¤™„Âž¨œ·¡‹œr0,1[

41. ‹³™¼„Âšœš¸Éœ´Éœ‡º°‡Îµ´ÉŠSULQWI‹³™¼„Âšœš¸É ¼ —oª¥œ·¥µ¤…°Š0,1[

42. Â¨oªÅ—oŸ¨—´Šœ¸Ê SULQWI´WKHPLQLPXPLVGµ[

44. …o°‡ª¦¦³ª´ŠÄœ„µ¦Äo¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r ‡º°‡ª¦‹³ÄoªŠÁ¨Èžd—®´ªšoµ¥…°Š¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦rš„˜´ª » Á¡ºÉ°žj°Š„´œ„µ¦šÎµŠµœŸ·—¡¨µ—‹µ„…´Êœ˜°œš¸É‡ª¦‹³Áž}œ—´ŠÃž¦Â„¦¤Äœ˜ª°¥nµŠš¸É˜°Åžœ¸Ê ´ n ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Ãž¦Â„¦¤Â—Š„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸ÉŸ·—¡¨µ—‹µ„š¸É‡ª¦‹³Áž}œ…°ŠÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ 7KLVSURJUDPZLOOJLYHWKHZURQJDQVZHU GHILQH (9(1D

45. D PDLQ

46. ^ LI (9(1

47. SULQWI´LVHYHQµ

48. HOVH SULQWI´LVRGGµ

49. ` µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

50. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ Á¤ºÉ°Ãž¦Â„¦¤™„œ·¡‹œr (9(1

51. ‹³™¼„Âšœš¸ÉÁž}œ ¼ ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„˜´ª—ÎµÁœ·œ„µ¦PRGXOXV

52. ¤¸¨Îµ—´‡ªµ¤Îµ‡´¤µ„„ªnµ„µ¦ª„‹³šÎµÄ®o¤„µ¦ ¸ ‡Îµœª–‡nµ¶· „n°œÅ—oŸ¨¨´¡›rÁžœ¶·Âöª‹¹ŠœÎµ¶· Åžª„„´¶· Å—Ÿ¨¦ª¤Áž}œ¶· Ž¹ÉŠšÎµÄ®o„µ¦ } o ˜¦ª‹° Áž}œÁšÈ‹Â¨³Ãž¦Â„¦¤‹³¦µ¥ŠµœŸ¨ªnµDÁž}œ‹Îµœªœ‡¸ÉŽ¹ÉŠÁž}œŸ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ¤n™„ ¼ ˜°Š o —´Šœ´Êœ Á¡ºÉ°Ä®o„µ¦—ÎµÁœ·œ„µ¦™¼„õ°Š˜µ¤š¸Éõ°Š„µ¦Ä®oÄnªŠÁ¨Èžd—®´ªšoµ¥˜´ª¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r š»„˜´ª Ãž¦Â„¦¤Äœ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸Éµ¤µ¦™ž¦´Áž¨¸¥œÄ®o™„õ°ŠÅ—o—´Šœ¸Ê É ¼ GHILQH(9(1D

54. PDLQ

55. ^ LI (9(1

57. SULQWI´LVHYHQµ

58. HOVH SULQWI´LVRGGµ

59. ` „µ¦ÄoŠµœÂ¤‡Ã‡¦š¸É¤¸¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r‹³šÎµŠµœ‡öµ¥„´Áž}œ¢{Š„r´œ Âñ‹¦·ŠÇÂöªÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ ‹³Áž}œÁ¡¸¥Š„µ¦Âšœš¸É—oª¥µ¥°´„…¦³ñµŠÇÁšµœ´ÊœÂ¨³Á¦µœ·¥¤ÄoÂ¤‡Ã‡¦Âšœ¢{Š„r´œÁŒ¡µ³„¦–¸š¸É n Áž}œ„µ¦šÎµŠµœ´Êœ Ç š¸µ¤µ¦™¦¦‹‡Îµ´ÉŠÅªoÄœ¦¦š´—Á—¸¥ª ™oµÁž}œ„µ¦šÎµŠµœš¸ÉŽ´Žo°œ Á¦µ‹³œ·¥¤ É » „Îµ®œ—Äœ¦¼ž…°Š¢{Š„r´œ—´Šš¸„¨nµª¤µÂöªÄœš„n°œÂñ°¥nµŠÅ¦„È˜µ¤…o°—¸…°Š„µ¦ÄoÂ¤‡Ã‡¦‡º°Á¦µ É Å¤n‹ÎµÁž}œ‹³õ°Š„Îµ®œ—ž¦³Á£š…o°¤¼¨…°Š¡µ¦µ¤·Á˜°¦r ˜ª°¥nµŠÁnœ ´ GHILQH648$5(;

63. GHILQH2'';

65. µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

66. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ‡Îµ´ÉŠ8QGHI Á¤ºÉ°¤¸„µ¦„Îµ®œ—œ·¥µ¤…°ŠÂ¤‡Ã‡¦—oª¥‡Îµ´ÉŠ GHILQH œ´ÊœÁ¦µ‹³µ¤µ¦™ÄoŠµœÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ œ¸ÊÅ—o˜¨°—Ãž¦Â„¦¤ Â˜n™oµŸ¼oÄo˜°Š„µ¦„Îµ®œ—…°Á…˜„µ¦Âšœ‡nµÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ÄœµŠnªœ…°ŠÃž¦Â„¦¤ o Ášnµœ´œ‹³µ¤µ¦™šÎµÅ—oÃ—¥„Îµ®œ—‹»—·Êœ»—…°Š„µ¦Âšœ‡nµ—oª¥‡Îµ´ÉŠXQGHI Ž¹ÉŠ¤¸¦¼žÂ—´Šœ¸Ê Ê XQGHIPDFURQDPH ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É nªœ…°ŠÃž¦Â„¦¤Â—Š„µ¦Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠXQGHI GHILQH /(1 GHILQH :,'7+ FKDU DUUD/(1@:,'7+@ XQGHI /(1 XQGHI :,'7+ DWWKLVSRLQWERWK/(1DQG:,'7+DUHXQGHILQG ˜ª¦³»/(1 Â¨³:,'7+ ‹³™¼„„Îµ®œ—‡nµÁž}œ¶· Â¨³¶· ˜µ¤¨Îµ—´‹œ„¦³š´ÉŠ¡ ´ ‡Îµ´ÉŠXQGHI —´Š…oµŠ˜oœ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

67. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Ãž¦Â„¦¤ FRXQWHPF ˜n°Åžœ¸ÊÄo‡Îµ´ÉŠ XQGHI Á¡ºÉ°¥„Á¨·„„µ¦Äoœ·¥µ¤…°Š¢{Š„r´œ LVDOSKDŽ¹ÉŠÅ—o™¼„„Îµ®œ—ÅªoÄœÂ¢j¤FWSHK Ž¹ÉŠ‹´—Á„È°¥¼nÄœ‡¨´Š¤µ˜¦“µœÂ¨oª„Îµ®œ—¢{Š„r´œLVDOSKD Ä®¤Äœ¦¼žÂš¸Ÿ¼oÄo˜°Š„µ¦ n É o FRXQWHPF3ULQWFRXQWVRIYDULRXVWSHVRIFKDUDFWHUVVSDFHV GLJLWVOHWWHUVSXQFWXDWLRQDQGVRRQ LQFOXGHVWGLRK! LQFOXGHFWSHK! GHILQH35,17B727$/6[WRWDO

68. SULQWI[?WOGI?Q[[ WRWDO

70. XQGHILVDOSKD ZDQWRXURZQGHILQLWLRQ LQWLVDOSKDLQWF

71. ^ UHWXUQF! D F ]

72. __F! $ F =

73. ` PDLQ

74. ^ LQWF ORQJVSDFHVOHWWHUVGLJLWVSXQFWVRWKHUVWRW VSDFHV OHWWHUV GLJLWV SXQFWV RWKHUV WRW FOUVFU

75. ZKLOHF JHWFKDU

77. (2)

78. LILVVSDFHF

80. VSDFHV HOVHLILVDOSKDF

82. OHWWHUV HOVHLILVGLJLWF

84. GLJLWV HOVHLILVSXQFWF

86. SXQFWV HOVH RWKHUV WRW VSDFHVOHWWHUVGLJLWVSXQFWVRWKHUV SULQWI7RWDOG?Q?QWRW

87. LIWRW

88. ^ 35,17B727$/6VSDFHVWRW

89. 35,17B727$/6OHWWHUVWRW

90. 35,17B727$/6GLJLWVWRW

91. 35,17B727$/6SXQFWVWRW

92. 35,17B727$/6RWKHUVWRW

93. ` UHWXUQ ` µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

94. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o „µ¦Âž¨Ãž¦Â„¦¤Â¤¸ÁŠºÉ°œÅ… Á¦µµ¤µ¦™°„Ä®o˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œÁ¨º°„µŠ‡Îµ´ÉŠ…°ŠÃž¦Â„¦¤õœŒ´„n°œ‹³nŠŸ¨ ¨´¡›rÄ®o„‡°¤Å¡Á¨°¦rÅ—o Á¦µÁ¦¸¥„…´Êœ˜°œ„µ¦ž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨œ¸Êªµ v„µ¦Âž¨Ãž¦Â„¦¤Â¤¸ÁŠºÉ°œÅ…w ´ n Ž¹ÉŠ‡Îµ´ÉŠñµŠÇÄœ„¨»¤œ¸ÊÅ—oÂ„nLIHQGLIHOVHHOLILIGHIÂ¨³ LIQGHI n ‡Îµ´ÉŠ LI Â¨³ HQGLI ¦¼žÂ…°Š‡Îµ´ÉŠLI Â¨´ HQGLI ‡º° LI FRQVWDQWBH[SUHVVLRQ! VWDWHPHQWVHTXHQFH! HQGLI Äœš¸Éœ¸Ê™µ‡nµ…°ŠFRQVWDQWBH[SUHVLRQ! š¸É°¥¼n®¨´Š‡Îµ´ÉŠLI Áž}œ‹¦·ŠÂöª‡Îµ´ÉŠš»„‡Îµ´ÉŠ®¨´Š o LIVWDWHPHQWVHTXHQFH

95. ‹³™¼„Âž¨Â˜n™oµÁž}œÁšÈ‹‡Î ´ÉŠ®¨´ŠLI‹³Å¤n™„Âž¨ µ ¼ ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸ÉÃž¦Â„¦¤Â—Š„µ¦Äo ¶LI· °¥nµŠŠnµ¥ GHILQH0$; PDLQ

96. ^ LI0$;! SULQWI´RPSLOHGIRUDUUDJUHDWHUWKDQ?Qµ

97. HQGLI UHWXUQ ` µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

98. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o Ãž¦Â„¦¤œ¸Ê‹³Â—Š…o°‡ªµ¤ ´RPSLOHGIRUDUUDJUHDWHUWKHQµ Á¡¦µ³ªnµ 0$; ™¼„ „Îµ®œ—Ä®o¤‡µÁž}œ Ž¹ÉŠ¤µ„„ªnµ ¸n …o°‡ª¦¦³ª´Š ÁœºÉ°Š‹µ„FRQVWDQW²H[SUHVVLRQ! Äœ˜ª°¥nµŠš¸É‡º°0$;!

99. ‹³™¼„‡Îµœª–‡nµ…–³š¸É ´ Ãž¦Â„¦¤™¼„Âž¨—´Šœ´Êœ FRQVWDQWH[SUHVVLRQ ‹³˜o°Šž¦³„°—oª¥˜´ª¦³»š™„„Îµ®œ—‡nµ¤µ„n°œ„´ ¸É ¼ ‡nµ‡Šš¸ÁÉ šµœ´Êœ‹³Áž}œ˜´ªÂž¦Å¤nÅ—o n ‡Îµ´ÉŠHOVH ‡Îµ´ÉŠ¶HOVH· ‹³šÎµŠµœ‡¨oµ¥„´‡Îµ´ÉŠ¶HOVH· Äœ£µ¬µ œ´ÉœÁ°Š ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Â—Š„µ¦Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠ LI š¸¤‡Îµ´ÉŠ HOVH Á¡ºÉ°„Îµ®œ—šµŠÁ¨º°„°ºÉœÄ®o Á¤° FRQVWDQW É ¸ ºÉ H[SUHVVLRQ®¨´ŠI Áž}œÁšÈ‹ GHILQH 0$; PDLQ

100. ^ LI 0$;! SULQWIFRPSLOHGIRUDUUDJUHDWHUWKDQ?Q

101. HOVH SULQWIRPSLOHGIRUVPDOODUUD?Q

102. HQGLI ` Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o Äœ„¦–œ¸Ê‡nµ…°Š 0$; ™¼„„Îµ®œ—Ä®oœo°¥„ªnµ —´Šœ´œ‡Îµ´ÉŠ®¨´Š LI ‹³Å¤n™„Âž¨Â˜n‹³ ¸ Ê ¼ Âž¨‡Îµ´ÉŠ®¨´ŠHOVH —´Šœ´ÊœÃž¦Â„¦¤œ‹³Â—Š…o°‡ªµ¤ªnµ ¸Ê ´RPSLOHGIRUVPDOODUUDµ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

103. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ‡Îµ´ÉŠHOLI ‡Îµ´ÉŠ HOLI ‹³¤¸‡ªµ¤®¤µ¥ÁnœÁ—¸¥ª„´œ„´ ´HOVH LIµ Â¨³‹³ÄoÄœ„¦–¸šÁ¸É ŠºÉ°œÅ…Äœ „µ¦Âž¨¤¸®¨µ¥ÇÁŠºÉ°œÅ… ¦¼žÂ…°Š‡Îµ´ÉŠHOLI Áž}œ—´Šœ¸Ê LIH[SUHVVLRQ* VWDWHPHQWB HOLIH[SUHVVLRQB VWDWHPHQWB HOLIH[SUHVVLRQB VWDWHPHQWB HOLIH[SUHVVLRQBQ VWDWHPHQWQ HOVHVWDWHPHQWB1 HQGLI ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Â—Š„µ¦Äo‡µ…°Š$7,9(B28175 Á¡ºÉ°„Îµ®œ—®œnª¥…°ŠÁŠ·œ˜¦µ n (1*/$1' )5$1( $7,9(B2817586 LI $7,9(B28175 86 FKDUFXUUHQF@ GROODU HOLI $7,9(B28175 (1*/$1' FKDUFXUUHQF@ SRXQG HOVH FKDUFXUUHQF@ IUDQF HQGLI LQWL SULQWI?Q

104. ZKLOHFXUUHQFL@ ?

105. ^ SULQWIFFXUUHQFL@

106. L ` UHWXUQ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

107. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o‡º° ‡Îµ´ÉŠLIGHI Â¨³LIQGHI ¦¼žÂ…°Š‡Îµ´ÉŠLIGHI ‡º° LIGHI PDFURQDPH VWDWHPHQWVHTXHQFH HQGLI ™oµºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦Å—o™„„Îµ®œ—¤µ„n°œ—oª¥‡Îµ´ÉŠ GHILQH Â¨oª‡Îµ´ÉŠš¸°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ LIGHI ¼ É „´ HQGLI ‹³™¼„Âž¨ ÄœšÎµœ°ŠÁ—¸¥ª„´œ¦¼žÂ…°Š‡Îµ´ÉŠLIQGHI ‡º° LIQGHI PDFURQDPH! VWDWHPHQWVHTXHQFH! HQGLI Äœ„¦–œ¸Ê™oµºÉ°Â¤‡Ã‡¦Å¤nÅ—o™„„Îµ®œ—¤µ„n°œ—oª¥‡Îµ´ÉŠ GHILQH Â¨oª‡Îµ´ÉŠš¸°¥¼n¦³®ªnµŠ ¸ ¼ É LIQGHI „´‡Îµ´ÉŠHQGLI ‹³™¼„Âž¨ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

108. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É Ãž¦Â„¦¤Â—Š„µ¦Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠLIGHI „´ LIQGHI GHILQH 7(' PDLQ

109. ^ LIGHI7(' SULQWI´+L7HG?Qµ

110. HOVH SULQWI´+LDQRQH?Qµ

111. HQGLI LIQGHI5$/3+ SULQWI´5$/3+QRWGHILQGµ

112. HQGLI UHWXUQ ` Ÿ¨¨´¡›rš¸ÉÅ—o‡º° „µ¦ÄoŠµœGHILQH Â¨³LQFOXGH ‡Îµ´ÉŠ LQFOXGH nª¥Ä®oÁ¦µµ¤µ¦™¦ª¤Â¢j¤š¸É¦¦‹»‡Îµ´ÉŠñµŠÇš¸„Îµ®œ—Åªo ¤µ¦ª¤ÄœÂ¢j¤ É ˜œŒ´Â¨³‡Îµ´ÉŠGHILQH nª¥Ä®oÁ¦µµ¤µ¦™„Îµ®œ—Â¤‡Ã‡¦ñµŠÇÂöªœÎµ¤µÄoÅ—o—´Šœ´ÊœÄœ„µ¦Äo o ŠµœÃ—¥š´ªÇÅž‹³œ·¥¤„Îµ®œ—Â¤‡Ã‡¦ÅªoÄœÂ¢j¤š¸É¤œµ¤„»¨Áž}œ K Á¡ºÉ°°„ªnµ‡»–¤´˜…°ŠÂ¢j¤ É ¸ · œ¸ÊÁž}œKHDGHU ÂöªŸ¼oÄoµ¤µ¦™œÎµÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ÄœÂ¢j¤œ¸Ê¤µÄoÄœÃž¦Â„¦¤˜µŠÇÃ—¥Äo‡Îµ´ÉŠLQFOXGH n ˜´ª°¥nµŠš¸É˜´ª°¥nµŠœ¸ÊÂ—ŠÂ¢j¤¶ERROK· Ž¹ÉŠÄoÁ„Èœ·¥µ¤…°ŠÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ %22/($1758()$/6( 127$1'25 Â¨³ %22/9$/ ˜µ¤¨ —´ Îµ ERROK+HDGHUILOHGHILQLQJ%22/($1GDWDWSH GHILQH %22/($1 VKRUW GHILQH 758( GHILQH )$/6( GHILQH 127 GHILQH $1' GHILQH 25 __ GHILQH %22/9$/;

113. [

114. ´758(µ´)$/6(µ µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

115. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ Â f„®´— ‹Š˜°‡Îµ™µ¤ñ°Åžœ¸Ê ‡Îµ´ÉŠ…°Š˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ š»„‡Îµ´ÉŠ‹³õ°Š…¹Êœõœ—oª¥´¨´„¬–rÄ— ‡Îµ´ŠÎµ®¦´„µ¦Âž¨Ãž¦Â„¦¤°¥µŠ¤¸ÁŠ°œÅ…Á¤°¤¸®¨µ¥ÇÁŠ°œÅ…µ¤µ¦™Äo‡µ´ŠÄ—Å—oµŠ É n ºÉ Éº ºÉ Î É o ‡Îµ´ÉŠ…°Š˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ š¸ÉÄo„Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡Š˜´ª®¦º°œ·¥µ¤Â¤‡Ã‡¦‡º°‡Îµ´ÉŠÄ— ‡Îµ´ÉŠ…°Š˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ‡Îµ´ÉŠÄ—š¸ÉÄoÁ¡ºÉ°®¤µ¥™¹Š

116. LIGHILQHQDPH

117. LIGHILQHPDFURBQDPH

118. ‡Îµ´ÉŠ…°Š˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ‡Îµ´ÉŠÄ—ÄoÁ¡ºÉ°¦ª¤Â¢j¤…o°¤¼¨Á…oµÅžÄœÂ¢j¤°ºÉœ ‹ŠÁ…¸¥œ‡Îµ´ÉŠ˜´ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œÁ¡ºÉ°—ÎµÁœ·œ„µ¦˜n°Åžœ¸Ê

119. „Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡Š˜´ª(6 Ä®o¤‡µ ¸n

120. „Îµ®œ—‡nµ‡Š˜´ª12 Ä®o¤‡µ¸n

121. Ä®o¦ª¤Â¢j¤FRPPRQKÁ…oµ¤µÄœÂ¢j¤˜oœŒ´Á¡ºÉ°Â¢j¤FRPPRQK°¥¼nÄœµ¦š¸ÉšÎµŠµœ°¥¼n– …–³œ´Êœ

122. ™oµ758(™¼„„Îµ®œ—‡nµ¤µ„n°œÄ®o¥„Á¨·„œ·¥µ¤…°Š758(Â¨oª„Îµ®œ—‡nµÄ®¤nÁžœ }

123. ™oµ758(Å¤nÁšµ„´Ä®o„Îµ®œ—)$/6(ÁžœÂ¨³„Îµ®œ—Ä®o)$/6(ÁžœÄœ„¦–¸°ºÉœÇ n } }

124. „Îµ®œ—Â¤‡Ã‡¦

125. $''[

126. Á¡ºÉ°®µŸ¨ª„¦³®ªnµŠ[„´

127. 08/[

128. Á¡ºÉ°®µŸ¨‡¼–¦³®ªnµŠ[„´

129. 0$;[

130. Á¡ºÉ°®µ‡nµš¸É¤µ„„ªnµ¦³®ªnµŠ[ „´

131. ',9[

132. Ž¹ÉŠ‡ºœ‡nµ[Á¤° Â¨³‡ºœ‡nµÄœ„¦–¸°ºÉœÇ ºÉ

133. 35,17,17[

134. Á¡ºÉ°¡·¤¡r‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤[°°„šµŠ°»ž„¦–rnŠ°°„¤µ˜¦“µœ

135. 648$5(B92/80(Á¡ºÉ°®µ‡nµž¦·¤µ˜¦…°Š¦¼ž¨¼„µ«„r ‹Š„Îµ®œ—Â¢j¤SDVFDOKÄ®oÁžœ‡Îµ´ÉŠÄœ£µ¬µÎµ®¦´‡Îµ´ÉŠ£µ¬µ3DVFDO˜°Åžœ¸Ê%(*,1(1' } n ,)7+(1(/6( ‹ŠÁ…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤š¸¤„µ¦„Îµ®œ—Â¤‡Ã‡¦š¸É¤¸°µ¦r„·ªÁ¤œ˜r ˜ª Á¡ºÉ°‡Îµœª–ž¦·¤µ˜¦…°Š¦¼žš¦Š É ¸ ´ „¨¤Ã—¥Ä®oÂ—ŠŸ¨¨´¡›rž¦·¤µ˜¦…°Š¦¼žš¦Š„¨¤š¸É¤¦´«¤¸ ®œnª¥Äœ¦¼ž…°Š˜µ¦µŠÁ¤°¼˜¦š¸É ¸ ºÉ Äo‡°

136. 3, U3,

137. º µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

138. „µ¦Ãž¦Â„¦¤ÁºÊ°Š˜œ—ª¥£µ¬µ o o šš¸É ˜ªž¦³¤ª¨Ÿ¨„n°œ ´ ¦ª·ª¦¦–Ášœ°·¦³ ®œoµ ‹ŠÁ…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤šÉ¸ÄoÂ¤‡Ã‡¦ t0,1,080u Äœ„µ¦®µ‡nµš¸Éœo°¥š¸É»—¦³®ªnµŠ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤ ‹Îµœªœš¸É¦´¤µ‹µ„ÂŸŠÂžjœ°´„…¦³ ‹ŠÁ…¸¥œÃž¦Â„¦¤®µ‡nµœo°¥š¸É»—¦³®ªnµŠ‹ÎµœªœÁ˜È¤ ‹Îµœªœš¸É¦´‡µ¤µ‹µ„ÂŸŠÂžjœ°´„…¦³ Ã—¥ n ÄoÂ¤‡Ã‡¦t0,1,080uÂ¨³Â¤‡Ã‡¦t0,1,080uÁ¦¸¥„ÄoÂ¤‡Ã‡¦t0,1,080u µ…µ‡°¤¡·ªÁ˜°¦r ™µ´œnŠÁ¦·¤„µ¦°œª·š¥µ«µ˜¦rÂ¨³Áš‡ÃœÃ¨¥¸

บทที่ 8 ตัวประมวลผลก่อน C (The C Processors)

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

En vedette

En vedette (17)

Similaire à บทที่ 8 ตัวประมวลผลก่อน C (The C Processors)

Similaire à บทที่ 8 ตัวประมวลผลก่อน C (The C Processors) (20)

Plus de Nattapon

Plus de Nattapon (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

บทที่ 8 ตัวประมวลผลก่อน C (The C Processors)