1. H A R IO M !

2. AU TO N O M O U S CAR
Presented By
JOLSNA J
3 rd sem MCA

3. AU TO N O M O U S CAR
 An autonomous car, is capable of
fulfilling the human transportation
capabilities of a traditional car.
 Also known as driverless car or
robotic.
 As an autonomous vehicle, it is
capable of sensing its environment
and navigating on its own.

4.  A human may choose a destination,
but is not required to perform any
mechanical operation of the vehicle.
 The Google Driverless Car is a
project by google that involves
developing technology for driverless
car.

5.  The project is currently being led by
Google engineer Sebastian Thurn ,
director of the Stanford Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory and co-
inventor of Google Street View.

6.  The person who is sitting inside the
car can just have to give the name of
the place where he/she wants to go.
 The vehicle itself find it out the root
and reach the destination very fastly
 Because the car choose the root
which is short and less traffic jams.

7.  The vehicle automatically find out all the
features of vehicles near by the car and take
right decisions on right time that means it
finds out the velocity , speed and other all
details about the vehicle and change our
side.
 The main advantage of autonomous vehicles
are it wont do any mistakes like humans. so
we can avoid accidents.

8.  Autonomous vehicles uses radar, Lidar, GPS
and computer vision. Advanced control
systems interpret the information to identify
appropriate navigation paths , as well as
obstacles and relevant signage.
 Autonomous vehicles typically update their
maps based on sensory input, such that they
can navigate through uncharted environment

9.  Google's this project is using their
own services like Google Earth and
Google Map.
 The project is currently being led by
Google engineer Sebastian Thrun.

10. TECH N O LO GY
 The system combines information gathered
from Google Map & with Artificial
Intelligence software that combines input
from video cameras inside the car.
 LIDAR sensor on top of the vehicle, radar
sensors on the front of the vehicle and a
position sensor attached to one of the rear
wheels that helps locate the car's position
on the map.

11.  Google expects that the increased
accuracy of its automated driving
system could help reduce the
number of traffic-related injuries and
deaths, while using energy and
space on roadways more efficiently

12.  In August 2011, a human-controlled
Google driverless car was involved in
the project's first crash near Google
headquarters in Mountain View , CA.
 Google has stated that the car was
being driven manually at the time of
the accident.

13.  In June 2011 the state of Neveda
pass a law concerning the operation
of autonomous cars.
 The Nevada law went into effect on
March 1, 2012, and the Neveda
Department of Motor vehicle. issued
the first license for a self-driven car
in May 2012.

15. A N A U TO N O M O U S C A R
N EED S:
 The “heart of autonomous car
system" is a laser range finder and is
mounted on the roof of the car.
 The device, a Velodyne 64-beam
laser, generates a detailed 3D map
of the environment.
 .

16.  The car then combines the laser
measurements with high-resolution
maps of the world, producing
different types of data models that
allow it to drive itself while avoiding
obstacles and respecting traffic laws.

17.  The vehicle also carries other sensors, which
include:
 four radars, mounted on the front and rear
bumpers, that allow the car to "see“ far enough
to be able to deal with fast traffic on freeways;
a camera, positioned near the rear-view mirror,
that detects traffic lights; and a GPS, inertial
measurement unit, and wheel encoder, that
determine the vehicle's location and keep track
of its movements.

18.  In case of autonomous vehicles ,the
vehicles would become a shared
resource, a service that people would
use when needed.
 You'd just tap on your smart phone,
and an autonomous car would show
up where you are, ready to drive you
anywhere.
 You'd just sit and relax or do work.

19.  consider an example, if you want to
reach in a meeting very fastly and you
don’t get a driver at time.
 At the same time you want to prepare
some PPTs for the meeting.
 If you are using autonomous car the
answer is very easy ,you just sit in the
car and just enter the destination and
you can prepare your PPTs.

20. W O RKI G
N
 It is possible with a combination of
some incredible software and
hardware engineering.
 Using processes developed by both
Google and the best and brightest of
DARPA’s robotic race challenges.

22.  The first step in the process is navigation,
something that requires a little more than
the Google Maps Navigation functionality
on display in Android.
 Before a Google autonomous car goes
anywhere, the route is manually mapped
out by a separate human driver, noting
any changes in road conditions, obstacles
or markers.

23.  Once the route is set, a safety driver
and software engineer load up into
one of the automated cars.
 Once the passengers are set, the car
loads up information created by one
of Google’s massive data processing
centres into the local computer.

24.  The remote computers map the
route and the local computer
continually processes data from the
car’s sensors, including a standard
GPS .
 sensor, a powerful laser array for
“seeing” obstacles, and small radar
arrays mounted around the side of
the vehicle.

26.  The laser mounted on top of the
spoiler is the most crucial element
for its close-range operation.
 It creates a 3D image of everything
in the immediate area of about 50
feet.

27.  The laser compares the immediate
surroundings of the car to the
measurements taken by the previous
manual run, paying special attention to
moving objects & taking extra input from a
wheel encoder.
 This allows for much more precise
movement than GPS alone, keeping the car
on a route accurate to a few c.m when
compared with the previously gathered
data.

28. LA SER V IEW O F TH E R O O T A N D
CA R :

29.  The laser can differentiate between
other cars, pedestrians, cyclists, and
small and large stationary objects,
and it doesn’t need light to be able
to function.
 The radar arrays keep an eye any
fast-moving objects from farther out
than the laser can detect.

30.  The front-mounted camera handles all
traffic controls, observing road signs and
stop lights for the same information that a
human driver uses.
 Google’s computers combine data from the
laser and the camera to create a
rudimentary 3D model of the immediate
area, noting for example the colour of an
active traffic light.

31.  There’s a staggering amount of
contextual software at work at all
times.
 For managing lane changes, there’s
an algorithm determining the
smoothest route through the
surrounding road combining
trajectory, speed & the safest
distance from obstacles.

32.  When coming to an intersection without a
traffic light, Google’s cars yield the right of
way according to traffic laws.
 But if other drivers don’t take their
appropriate turns, the Google car moves
forward slightly, then watches for a
reaction.
 If it determines that the other driver still
won’t move, it takes the initiative.

33.  Safety is paramount for Google:
 None of their cars go anywhere
without a separate manual run-
through and two human operators.
 But the goals are to create a system
that can eliminate the human
element in the unavoidably
dangerous act of driving.

34.  They’ve been testing for years and
have accrued over 250,000 miles of
data, but there’s still no word on how
or when they intend to get this
technology into the market.

35. TEA CH I G CO M PU TER S TO D R I E
N V
 Autonomous driving in slow traffic is a
logical combination of adaptive cruise-
control and the lane-keeping systems.
 As adaptive cruise controls, self-parking
options and automated-braking
systems gradually become more
capable and widespread, it is not a big
leap to full autonomous control.

36.  Prototypes are starting to move off
test tracks and onto real roads.
 Last year BMW sent a robotic car at
motorway speeds from Munich to
Nuremberg.

37.  Audi sent a self-driving TTS Coupe
through 156 tight curves along
nearly 20km of paved and dirt road
on Colorado’s Pikes Peak, with
nobody behind the wheel.
 Modified with help from roboticists at
Stanford University , the car travelled
about as fast as one driven by an
average driver.

38.  Getting a car to drive along an open
road without crashing into other
vehicles is one difficult thing.
 That is navigating junctions and
roundabouts, responding
appropriately at pedestrian crossings
and avoiding obstacles on the road is
not easy.

39.  It is very costly to make such a s/w
for a driverless car.
 That is ,for the car, kit, software, and
brainpower etc.
 What we need is an array of extra
sensors to make cars more aware of
their surroundings.

40.  Mapping nearby features, spotting
road edges and lane markings,
reading signs and traffic lights and
identifying pedestrians is done using
a combination of cameras, radar and
LIDAR.
 Ultrasonic detectors provide more
accurate mapping of the
surroundings at short range.

41.  Once the sensors and activators are
in place, building a driverless car is
essentially a software problem.
 Google’s approach involves driving a
route manually, with all the sensors
switched on, to build a detailed 3D
map of features such as signs,
guard-rails and overpasses.

42.  when the autonomous driving mode
is switched on the software can
predict hazards with reasonable
accuracy.
 A shaded bridge in a damp valley, for
example, may be icy until noon if the
night-time temperature drops below
a certain point.

43.  Each time a car follows a particular
route, it collects more data.
 Google’s software also ingests data
on speed limits and recorded
accidents.
 Because the car’s roof-mounted
sensors can see in all directions, it
arguably has greater situational
awareness than a human driver.

44. A D VATA G ES O F U SI G A D R I ER LESS
N V
CA R A R E:
 Fewer Traffic collisions, due to the
autonomous system's increased
reliability compared to human
drivers.
 Relief of vehicle occupants from
driving and navigation chores.

45.  Reduction of space required for
vehicle parking.
 Reduction in the need for traffic
police and vehicle insurance.
 Safer than human driven cars.

46. FU TU R E O F D R I ER LESS CA R
V
 The day when driverless vehicles will
roam the streets freely to pick up
and drop off passengers like
futuristic taxies is far off, probably
more than 20 years at least.

47. D I D VATA G ES O F D R I ER LESS
SA V
CA R
 These is a car which follows rules but
if the human driven cars are not
following the rules & these may lead
to accidents & all because all are
running in a same way.
 Autonomous cars are efficient than
human driven car & at the same time
we can use these cars only in an
efficient road only.

48.  Like any other machines we can say
that this also making man lazy.

50. C O N C LU SI N
O
 An autonomous car, also known as
robotic or informally as driverless or self-
driving.
 It is capable of fulfilling the human
transportation capabilities of a traditional
car.
 Google's autonomous car is a project
proposed by Google itself.& is working
with the help of Google map and GPS
system.

51.  In future the autonomous car will be
there on our streets and by using
these car's we can avoid accidents.
 In The I Robot (2004) features
autonomous vehicles driving on
highways, allowing the car to travel
safer at higher speeds than if
manually controlled.

52.  we can hope in near by future we
can also travel in such vehicles.
 Todays fictions will be tomorrows
,daily life's technology.

54. R EFER EN C ES
 Sebastian Thrun (2010-10-09). "What
we're driving at". The Official Google Blog.
Retrieved 2010-10-11.
 Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_driverless_car
 http://www.slashgear.com/back-to-ba sics-
how-googles-driverless-carstays-on-the-
road-09227396
 http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/09/25/go
ogle_automatic_cars_legal

55. VI EO
D

56. Q U ESTI N S?????
O