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Low Energy Building Design
Crit 1 – Group G
Mandy Wardrop | Nichola Murray | ChristopherWeir | Callum Maloney | Jonathan Donnard | Martin Choné
Crit 1
In today’s presentation we will cover:
 Key activities
 Project management
 Research
 Initial ideas
KeyActivities
Over the course of this semester we will develop a low energy data
centre for a major computing company by:
 Meeting twice weekly to discuss project and update team
members on work done
 Researching the site, climate and local resources available
 Creating a concept design – an example of sustainable
architecture with efficient technical sub-systems
 Undertaking performance and cost appraisals for our concept
 Generate a web site to convey our work
Project
Management
Week 1-3
• Organise group
• Begin research of data centre use, data centre design criteria and the local area
• Prepare for Week 3 crit
Week 3-4
• Decide which team members will take responsibility for each relevant technical sub-system
• Research web site design
• Finalise sizing of data centre
Week 5-6
• Begin to generate web site
• Consider and create sustainable design for technical sub-systems
• Prepare for Week 6 crit
Week 7-8
• Undertake performance and cost appraisals for proposed design
• Prepare for Week 9 crit
Week 9-10
• Finalise design of data centre
Week 11-12
• Finish web site design
• Prepare for final crit
Research
SiteAssessment
Situated in the small village of Allandale , the site is located between two rail tracks
with close proximity to the M8O motorway.
The site occupies an area of around 6O,OOOm2 and was previously used as
Castlecary Brickworks until it closed in 198O.
Site is centrally located and therefore should make use of local materials available.
Research
SiteAssessment
Research
Climate
Key Climate Factors
 Temperature
 Precipitation
 Daylight hours
 Wind speed
 Atmospheric Pollution
Research
Climate
0
5
10
15
20
25
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperature(°C)
Average Temperature Profile
Average Low Temp Average High Temp
 Average temperature ranges from 1 - 19°C
 Excessive heat loss for part the year
 Overheating for part of the year
Research
Climate
 Fairly constant levels of rainfall throughout the year
 From SEPA flood maps – Medium chance of surface water flooding
associated with heavy downpours of rain
 Possibility to utilise rainwater in the building design
Research
Climate
0
50
100
150
200
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
41
68
98
132
176
155 155 147
114
83
54
33
Sunshine(hours)
Daylight Profile
 Yearly total of 1256 hours
 High levels during the summer and significantly lower during the
winter
 Large site so PV may be an option
Research
Climate
Wind speed
 25.2 m/s (fundamental basic wind speed from Tedds)
 Prevailing winds from the South West
 Wind speed is reasonable consistent throughout the year
Atmospheric Pollution
 Low – Moderate levels of pollution
 Site may be affected by pollutants from the motorway and
industry in nearby towns
 May cause some building materials to deteriorate
Research
LocalResources
Research
CaseStudy
Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany
Energy Use
 IT load: 3.5 MW
 Cooling: 3.6 MW
 Other: 0.7MW
IT Load
45%
Cooling
46%
Other
9%
Research
CaseStudy
 Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany
 Areas :
 Gross 5000m²
 Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet
 Power areas:
 4 x power transformers at 1600 kVA
 4 x diesel engines, generating a total output of 6400W
Cabinets
Raised Floor : 400-500mm
Lighting : 300lux
Security
Research
CaseStudy
Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany
Areas :
 Gross 5000m²
 Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet
Power areas:
 4 x power transformer at 1600 kVA
 4 x diesel engines at 6400W
 Cooling system
 Security
 Offices
 Loading dock
 Car park
Initial Ideas
Considerations
We will appraise our options and make final decisions regarding our
design by considering the following:
 Energy consumption and the impact of demand reduction
measures
 The role of embedded new and renewable energy supply
technologies
 The environmental performance of the design
 The environmental impacts of the embodied and operational
energy
Initial Ideas
Buildingdesign
A data centre has strict operating conditions:
 Running temperature should be between 40% and 60%
 Light levels in the equipment rooms and office spaces should be
between 300 and 500 lux
 Room acoustics should be considered to maximise the occupants
comfort
Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
Our preliminary ideas for the energy systems in our data centre are
as follows:
Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
CoolingSystem
 Factors to consider:
 Ambient temperature v ideal temperature inside data centre
 Relative humidity – prevent moisture forming
 Prevent dust from entering cooling system/IT equipment
 Cost
 Environmentally friendly
 Energy efficiency
 Potential option to expand
Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
 Cooling specifications to meet:
 Building needs to be continuously cooled to prevent IT equipment
overheating and failing
 Needs to be at a suitable temperature for both computing equipment and
staff
 Cooling demands should be minimised and passive cooling should be used
where possible
High
priority
Low
priority
Initial Ideas
Technicalsub-systems
CoolingOptions
Initial Ideas
Renewables
EnergySupply
 Energy specifications to meet:
 Should employ demand management
 Minimise reliance on grid electricity
 Maximise the quantity of energy supplied from local sources
 Showcase for multiple renewable energy technologies;
High priority
Low priority
Initial Ideas
Renewables
 Could use energy generated fromTodhill wind farm
roughly 6.5 miles away and has an annual energy
production of 26.29 GWh
Initial Ideas
Renewables
 CHP – can control energy costs while improving reliability of power for
data centres
 Could provide air conditioning as well as electricity for IT equipment
 Would reduce emissions, includingCO2, SO2 and NOX.
 Solar PV – large site area so solar panels could be used on excess land
 Would only provide a small contribution in winter months
 Relatively expensive initial costs
 For our project we will source local climate data and then assess
supply/demand match to determine feasibility
Next steps
Our plan for the next 3 weeks is to:
 Decide which team members will take responsibility for each
relevant technical sub-system
 Research web site design and begin to generate our site
 Finalise sizing of data centre
 Consider and create sustainable design for the energy systems
 Prepare for theWeek 6 crit

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Lebd crit 1 (final version)

  • 1. Low Energy Building Design Crit 1 – Group G Mandy Wardrop | Nichola Murray | ChristopherWeir | Callum Maloney | Jonathan Donnard | Martin Choné
  • 2. Crit 1 In today’s presentation we will cover:  Key activities  Project management  Research  Initial ideas
  • 3. KeyActivities Over the course of this semester we will develop a low energy data centre for a major computing company by:  Meeting twice weekly to discuss project and update team members on work done  Researching the site, climate and local resources available  Creating a concept design – an example of sustainable architecture with efficient technical sub-systems  Undertaking performance and cost appraisals for our concept  Generate a web site to convey our work
  • 4. Project Management Week 1-3 • Organise group • Begin research of data centre use, data centre design criteria and the local area • Prepare for Week 3 crit Week 3-4 • Decide which team members will take responsibility for each relevant technical sub-system • Research web site design • Finalise sizing of data centre Week 5-6 • Begin to generate web site • Consider and create sustainable design for technical sub-systems • Prepare for Week 6 crit Week 7-8 • Undertake performance and cost appraisals for proposed design • Prepare for Week 9 crit Week 9-10 • Finalise design of data centre Week 11-12 • Finish web site design • Prepare for final crit
  • 5. Research SiteAssessment Situated in the small village of Allandale , the site is located between two rail tracks with close proximity to the M8O motorway. The site occupies an area of around 6O,OOOm2 and was previously used as Castlecary Brickworks until it closed in 198O. Site is centrally located and therefore should make use of local materials available.
  • 7. Research Climate Key Climate Factors  Temperature  Precipitation  Daylight hours  Wind speed  Atmospheric Pollution
  • 8. Research Climate 0 5 10 15 20 25 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Temperature(°C) Average Temperature Profile Average Low Temp Average High Temp  Average temperature ranges from 1 - 19°C  Excessive heat loss for part the year  Overheating for part of the year
  • 9. Research Climate  Fairly constant levels of rainfall throughout the year  From SEPA flood maps – Medium chance of surface water flooding associated with heavy downpours of rain  Possibility to utilise rainwater in the building design
  • 10. Research Climate 0 50 100 150 200 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 41 68 98 132 176 155 155 147 114 83 54 33 Sunshine(hours) Daylight Profile  Yearly total of 1256 hours  High levels during the summer and significantly lower during the winter  Large site so PV may be an option
  • 11. Research Climate Wind speed  25.2 m/s (fundamental basic wind speed from Tedds)  Prevailing winds from the South West  Wind speed is reasonable consistent throughout the year Atmospheric Pollution  Low – Moderate levels of pollution  Site may be affected by pollutants from the motorway and industry in nearby towns  May cause some building materials to deteriorate
  • 13. Research CaseStudy Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany Energy Use  IT load: 3.5 MW  Cooling: 3.6 MW  Other: 0.7MW IT Load 45% Cooling 46% Other 9%
  • 14. Research CaseStudy  Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany  Areas :  Gross 5000m²  Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet  Power areas:  4 x power transformers at 1600 kVA  4 x diesel engines, generating a total output of 6400W Cabinets Raised Floor : 400-500mm Lighting : 300lux Security
  • 15. Research CaseStudy Equidix Data Centre – München,Germany Areas :  Gross 5000m²  Computer room : 3200m² with 1000 cabinet Power areas:  4 x power transformer at 1600 kVA  4 x diesel engines at 6400W  Cooling system  Security  Offices  Loading dock  Car park
  • 16. Initial Ideas Considerations We will appraise our options and make final decisions regarding our design by considering the following:  Energy consumption and the impact of demand reduction measures  The role of embedded new and renewable energy supply technologies  The environmental performance of the design  The environmental impacts of the embodied and operational energy
  • 17. Initial Ideas Buildingdesign A data centre has strict operating conditions:  Running temperature should be between 40% and 60%  Light levels in the equipment rooms and office spaces should be between 300 and 500 lux  Room acoustics should be considered to maximise the occupants comfort
  • 18. Initial Ideas Technicalsub-systems Our preliminary ideas for the energy systems in our data centre are as follows:
  • 19. Initial Ideas Technicalsub-systems CoolingSystem  Factors to consider:  Ambient temperature v ideal temperature inside data centre  Relative humidity – prevent moisture forming  Prevent dust from entering cooling system/IT equipment  Cost  Environmentally friendly  Energy efficiency  Potential option to expand
  • 20. Initial Ideas Technicalsub-systems  Cooling specifications to meet:  Building needs to be continuously cooled to prevent IT equipment overheating and failing  Needs to be at a suitable temperature for both computing equipment and staff  Cooling demands should be minimised and passive cooling should be used where possible High priority Low priority
  • 22. Initial Ideas Renewables EnergySupply  Energy specifications to meet:  Should employ demand management  Minimise reliance on grid electricity  Maximise the quantity of energy supplied from local sources  Showcase for multiple renewable energy technologies; High priority Low priority
  • 23. Initial Ideas Renewables  Could use energy generated fromTodhill wind farm roughly 6.5 miles away and has an annual energy production of 26.29 GWh
  • 24. Initial Ideas Renewables  CHP – can control energy costs while improving reliability of power for data centres  Could provide air conditioning as well as electricity for IT equipment  Would reduce emissions, includingCO2, SO2 and NOX.  Solar PV – large site area so solar panels could be used on excess land  Would only provide a small contribution in winter months  Relatively expensive initial costs  For our project we will source local climate data and then assess supply/demand match to determine feasibility
  • 25. Next steps Our plan for the next 3 weeks is to:  Decide which team members will take responsibility for each relevant technical sub-system  Research web site design and begin to generate our site  Finalise sizing of data centre  Consider and create sustainable design for the energy systems  Prepare for theWeek 6 crit

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. More cooling might be required in summer months compared with winter if the ambient temperature increases the temperature inside data centre Moisture forming could damage IT equipment Dust could not only damage IT equipment/cooling system, but also reduce the overall energy efficiency of the data centre Cost – should be economical to install and maintain Environmentally friendly – not use refrigerants, low carbon emissions etc. in cooling system Energy efficiency – The energy demand of the data centre is already very large (5MW) so cooling system should require as energy efficient as possible Picture – Computer Room Air Conditioning unit. From a company which specialises in data centre cooling systems
  2. This requires a robust, dependable cooling system which shouldn’t need extensive maintenance. The electricity required to cool data centres can be as much as 40% of the overall consumed power so it should ideally require as low a demand as possible.
  3. Top graphic illustrates how water could be used in a heat exchanger system to cool the data centre. The site is closed to Forth and Clyde Canal Bottom 2 graphics: these are types of absorption cooling systems which utilise the heat from the IT equipment to provide the energy required to drive the cooling system, rather than using electricity from the grid.
  4. This could decrease the risk of power outages and reduce the reliance on grid electricity.