SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 89
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bicameral  =   From www.lshm.net
[object Object],Senate Must be 30 years old US citizen for 9 years State Resident House Must be 25 years old US citizen for 7 years State Resident
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
[object Object],[object Object]
The assigning by Congress of congressional seats after each census.  State legislatures reapportion state legislative districts  The redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population Reapportionment Redistricting
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
The U.S. Supreme Court originally declared issues of apportionment to be a “political thicket” that the courts should stay out of
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gerrymandering The drawing of legislative districts for partisan advantage
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Former House Majority Leader Tom Delay worked with state legislative leaders to redraw districts every five years, bettering the Republican’s chances in upcoming elections
Affirmative Racial Gerrymandering Drawing district boundary lines to maximize minority representation
 
[object Object]
From www.legis.state.ia.us
[object Object]
[object Object],From  www.wpclipart.com , rifuture.org,  www.flashreport.org , projectlogic.blogspot.com
From www.flagandbanner.com Political parties matter in multiple ways: - Only candidates from the two major parties can win most elections - If one party is dominant in a district, it is difficult to win from even the other major party
The recent Congressional elections show the importance of timing. Some incumbents lost reelection in relatively safe districts because of popular dissatisfaction.
From www.tull.no Running against a well-know and powerful opponent often generates an unfair fight.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Referral and Jurisdiction
Standing Committees
Standing Committees Subcommittees
[object Object],[object Object],Hearings
[object Object],[object Object],Markup
[object Object],[object Object],Reports and Rules Report
Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees
[object Object],Bureaucratic Oversight and Investigations
Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees
Standing Committees Subcommittees Select   Committees Rules   Committees Joint Committees
Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees Joint Committees Conference Committees
How a Bill becomes a Law
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],From  www.aramnaharaim.org ,  www.hposoft.com , www.dcgiftshop.com
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],[object Object]
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[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
President Bush used the veto power very little compared with other modern presidents. Presidential Decision
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Implied Powers Powers not specified by the Constitution. Implied as an extension of enumerated powers
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Congress shall have power …To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.   Necessary and Proper Clause Article I, Section 8
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],Divided Government One political party controls the presidency and the other controls at least one house of Congress

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Congress

  • 1.  
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. Bicameral = From www.lshm.net
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.  
  • 11.  
  • 12.
  • 13. The assigning by Congress of congressional seats after each census. State legislatures reapportion state legislative districts The redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population Reapportionment Redistricting
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. The U.S. Supreme Court originally declared issues of apportionment to be a “political thicket” that the courts should stay out of
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.  
  • 23.
  • 24. Gerrymandering The drawing of legislative districts for partisan advantage
  • 25.  
  • 26.
  • 27. Former House Majority Leader Tom Delay worked with state legislative leaders to redraw districts every five years, bettering the Republican’s chances in upcoming elections
  • 28. Affirmative Racial Gerrymandering Drawing district boundary lines to maximize minority representation
  • 29.  
  • 30.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. From www.flagandbanner.com Political parties matter in multiple ways: - Only candidates from the two major parties can win most elections - If one party is dominant in a district, it is difficult to win from even the other major party
  • 35. The recent Congressional elections show the importance of timing. Some incumbents lost reelection in relatively safe districts because of popular dissatisfaction.
  • 36. From www.tull.no Running against a well-know and powerful opponent often generates an unfair fight.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
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  • 59.
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  • 61.
  • 63.
  • 64. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees
  • 65. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees Joint Committees
  • 66. Standing Committees Subcommittees Select Committees Rules Committees Joint Committees Conference Committees
  • 67. How a Bill becomes a Law
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72.
  • 73.
  • 74.
  • 75.
  • 76.
  • 77.
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 81.
  • 82. President Bush used the veto power very little compared with other modern presidents. Presidential Decision
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 86.
  • 87. The Congress shall have power …To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. Necessary and Proper Clause Article I, Section 8
  • 88.
  • 89.